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2023 Supreme(Raj) 2350

IN THE HIGH COURT OF RAJASTHAN
KULDEEP MATHUR, J.
Mukhram - Petitioner
Versus
State of Rajasthan - Respondent
S.B. Criminal Miscellaneous Bail Application No. 1069 of 2023.
Decided on : 17-08-2023

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant :Ms. Priya Bishnoi, Advocate.
For the Respondents: Mr. Mahipal Bishnoi, PP.

Headnote:(A) Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 - Section 439 - Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 - Sections 8/22 and 29 - Bail application filed for accused arrested for possession of narcotic substances - Petitioner has been in custody since 16.08.2019 with significant delays in trial proceedings. (Paras 2-3)

(B) Right to speedy trial - The constitutional right under Article 21 to not be kept in prolonged custody without trial has been prioritized; the delay in trial is not attributed to the petitioner. (Paras 3, 6-8)

(C) Judicial discretion - The court emphasized that the statutory embargo under Section 37 of the NDPS Act must be harmonized with constitutional rights; courts retain discretion to grant bail when trial delays are unreasonable. (Paras 8-9)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner, arrested with substantial quantities of narcotics, has been in custody for over four years with only 9 out of 19 witnesses examined. Delay in trial not his fault.

Findings of Court:
Bail application allowed based on prolonged custody and trial delays; petitioner must furnish bond to appear in court.

Issues: Key issues include the permissibility of bail under prolonged detention and the constitutional right to a speedy trial.

Ratio Decidendi: The court affirmed the principle that excessive detention without trial undermines constitutional rights; hence, bail can be granted despite statutory restrictions on grounds of such delays.

Result: Bail granted under Section 439 Cr.P.C.

Table of Content
1. arrest details and charges against petitioner. (Para 1 , 2)
2. arguments for bail based on delay in trial. (Para 3 , 4 , 5 , 6)
3. court's considerations on prolonged incarceration and bail. (Para 7 , 8 , 9 , 10)
4. order granting bail to the petitioner. (Para 11 , 12)

ORDER

Mr. Kuldeep Mathur, J. - This application for bail under Section 439 Cr.P.C. has been filed by the petitioner who has been arrested in connection with FIR No.124/2019 registered at Police Station Talwara, District Hanumangarh, for offences under Sections 8 /22 and 29 of the NDPS Act.

2. As per the prosecution, during routine patrolling, police team of Police Station Talwara, District Hanumangarh, on 16.08.2019, recovered 38000 capsules of Parvorin Spas containing Tramadol Hydrochloride (TRIO-SR) weighing 24.320 Kgs. from conscious possession of the present petitioner. He was arrested on the spot.

3. Learned counsel for the petitioner submitted that the petitioner is in custody since 16.08.2019. Learned counsel further submitted that the petitioner does not have any criminal antecedent. It was also submitted that trial against the petitioner has commenced but in last more than 4 years, out of total 19 cited prosecution witnesses, only 9 have been examined till date. Learned counsel submitted that the delay in trial before the competent criminal court is not at all attributable to the present petitioner.

4. Learned counsel submitted that in view of the fact that the petitioner is in custody for last more than 4 years and the delay in trial is not attributable to him, he deserves to be enlarged on bail.

5. In support of his contentions, learned counsel placed reliance on the order dated 13.07.2023 passed by Hon'ble the Supreme Court in the case of Rabi Prakash v. The State of Odisha (Special Leave to Appeal (Crl.) No.4169/2023), wherein Hon'ble the Supreme Court held as under:-

    "3. We are informed that the trial has commenced but only 1 out of the 19 witnesses has been examined. The conclusion of trial will, thus, take some more time.

    4. As regard to the twin conditions contained in Section 37 of the NDPS Act, learned counsel for the respondent - State has been duly heard. Thus, the 1st condition stands complied with. So far as the 2nd condition re: formation of opinion as to whether there are reasonable grounds to believe that the petitioner is not guilty, the same may not be formed at this stage when he has already spent more than three and a half years in custody. The prolonged incarceration, generally militates against the most precious fundamental right guaranteed under Article 21 of the Constitution and in such a situation, the conditional liberty must override the statutory embargo created under Section 37 (1)(b)(ii) of the NDPS Act."

6. Per contra, learned Public Prosecutor has vehemently opposed the bail application and submitted that petitioner is facing trial for the offences under the NDPS Act and, therefore, the present bail application deserves to be rejected straightway. Learned Public Prosecutor, however, was not in position to refute the fact that in last 4 years, out of total 19 cited prosecution witnesses, only 9 witnesses have been examined till date.

7. Heard learned counsel for the petitioner and the learned Public Prosecutor. Perused the material available on record.

8. Hon'ble the Supreme Court in the case of Union of India v. K.A. Najeeb reported in (2021) 3 SCC 713, while dealing with the cases where fetters are placed on Court's power to grant bail and the trial has not been completed within a reasonable time, observed as under:

    "17. It is thus clear to us that the presence of statutory restrictions like Section 43-D(5) of the UAPA per se does not oust the ability of the constitutional courts to grant bail on grounds of violation of Part - III of the Constitution. Indeed, both the restrictions under a statute as well as the powers exercisable under constitutional jurisdiction can be well harmonised. Whereas at commencement

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