HIGH COURT OF RAJASTHAN (JODHPUR BENCH)
MR. JUSTICE FARJAND ALI, J
Bhajanlal - Appellant
Versus
State of Rajasthan - Respondent
CRLMB / 16012 / 2024
Decided On : 06-01-2025
(A) Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 - Section 439 - Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 - Sections 8, 21, and 29 - Bail application - Accused-petitioner arrested based on co-accused's confessional statement without corroborative evidence - Court emphasizes necessity of reliable evidence for detention - Bail granted due to lack of incriminating material. (Paras 1, 6, 15, 19)
(B) Evidence Act, 1872 - Section 27 - Confession and its admissibility - Court reiterates that confessions must be corroborated by recovery or discovery to be admissible. (Paras 9, 10)
Facts of the case:
The accused-petitioner was arrested on 07.04.2024 based on a co-accused's statement regarding contraband recovery, but no evidence linked him to the crime.
Findings of Court:
The court found insufficient evidence to justify continued detention, emphasizing the need for corroboration of confessions.
Issues: The main issues were the reliability of confessions and the sufficiency of evidence for bail.
Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that mere confessions without corroborative evidence do not justify detention, and bail should be granted when evidence is lacking.
Result: Bail application allowed.
Case Details and Bail Application
- Bail application filed under Section 439 CrPC by accused-petitioner Bhajanlal. [1] (!) (!)
- FIR No. 400/2023 at PS Devnagar, Jodhpur City West; offences under Sections 8/21 and 8/29 NDPS Act. [1] (!)
Facts of Recovery and Arrest
- On 07.11.2023, 75.65 grams MD (Mephedrone) and Rs.1,10,000/- recovered from co-accused Sandeep @ Sandy's house; he arrested and disclosed purchase from petitioner Bhajan Lal. (!) [6]
- Petitioner arrested on 07.04.2024 based solely on co-accused's statement; not present at recovery site, nothing recovered from him. [3][6]
- Co-accused's disclosure statements conflicting: first (08.11.2023) mentioned purchase from hotel near Pratapgarh Highway with Bhajan Lal; second (10.11.2023) specified purchase from Bhajan Lal S/o Bhanwar Lal at Mahalaxmi Sweets land. [6]
Lack of Corroborative Evidence
- No material connecting petitioner to contraband or co-accused beyond tainted disclosures; no meetings, CDR, texts, messages, recordings, or joint presence. [7][13]
- No new recovery or discovery pursuant to co-accused's information under Evidence Act Section 27. [6][8]
- Confessions require corroboration by recovery/discovery distinctly relating to crime; isolated confessional statements inadmissible without support. [8][9][10] (!)
Analysis of NDPS Offences
- Mere charge under Section 29 NDPS (abetment/criminal conspiracy) insufficient without material showing involvement; requires evidence of instigation, agreement, aid, or common intention. [11] (!) (!) [12] (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) [13]
- No evidence of abetment (instigation, conspiracy with act/omission, or intentional aid) or criminal conspiracy (agreement for illegal act). [12][13] (!) (!) (!) (!)
Bail Considerations under NDPS Section 37 and CrPC
- Petitioner in custody since 07.04.2024; detention unjustified without reliable evidence beyond uncorroborated, conflicting confessions. [5][6][7][14][15][18]
- Section 37 NDPS requires prima facie satisfaction of non-guilt and no likelihood of reoffending; not to render bail impossible, allowing provisional liberty balancing personal liberty. [16] (!) (!) [17][18]
- Prosecution must justify detention; lack of evidence fails to attract Section 37 embargo. [14][15][18]
Court's Findings and Ratio
- Accused arraigned on conjectures; no incriminating material or nexus to crime/co-accused. [3][6][7][13][15]
- Bail not to be denied solely on uncorroborated confessions; requires reliable evidence for detention. [6][7][8][10][14][15]
- Detailed evidence appreciation not at bail stage, but some corroboration needed to justify incarceration pending trial. [14][18]
Result
- Bail application allowed; petitioner to furnish personal bond of Rs.50,000/- with two sureties of Rs.25,000/- each. [19]
ORDER :
FARJAND ALI, J.
1. The jurisdiction of this court has been invoked by way of filing the instant bail application under Section 439 CrPC at the instance of accused-petitioner. The requisite details of the matter are tabulated herein below:
| S.No. | Particulars of the Case | |
| 1. | FIR Number | 400/2023 |
| 2. | Concerned Police Station | Devnagar |
| 3. | District | Jodhpur City West |
| 4. | Offences alleged in the FIR | Section 8/21 of the NDPS Act |
| 5. | Offences added, if any | Section 8/29 of the NDPS Act |
| 6. | Date of passing of impugned order | 07.12.2024 |
2. In nutshell the facts of the case are that on 07.11.2023 SHO Devnagar, Jodhpur along with him team made search at the residential house of Sandeep @ Sandy and wherefrom 75.65 grams MD (Mephadrone) and cash of Rs.1,10,000/- got recovered from a Wooden Wardrobe upon which he was arrested and taken into custody. During investigation he disclosed that he purchased the said contraband from one Bhajan Lal. A case under Section 8/18 of the NDPS Act was registered against the accused Sandeep.
3. It is contended on behalf of the accused-petitioner that the petitioner is arrested in this 07.04.2024 on the basis of statement of principal accused, however he was not present at the spot thus, no case for the alleged offences is made out against him and his incarceration is not warranted. There are no factors at play in the case at hand that may work against grant of bail to the accused- petitioner and he has been made an accused based on conjectures and surmises.
4. Contrary to the submissions of learned counsel for the petitioner, learned Public Prosecutor opposes the bail application and submits that the present case is not fit for enlargement of accused on bail.
5. Have considered the submissions made by both the parties and have perused the material available on record.
6. Perusal of the record revealing that the petitioner is behind the bars in this case since 07.04.2024. The petitioner was not present at the time of alleged recovery and nothing incriminating has been recovered at his instance; He has been arraigned as an accused only on the basis of confessional statement made by the co-accused Sandeep @ Sandy. Interestingly, on 08.11.2023 when the accused Sandeep was interrogated by the SHO, Police Station Soorsagar wherein he made a disclosure statement that he and Bhajan Lal purchased the alleged contraband from a Hotel which is situated nearby Pratapgarh Highway from a person, he may confirm the said place. Whereas, in his second statement recorded on 10.11.2023 when the accused Sandeep was again interrogated by the SHO, Police Station Soorsagar wherein he made a disclosure statement that he purchased the alleged contraband from Bhajan Lal S/o Bhanwar Lal which was handed over to him in the land of Mahalaxmi Sweets, he may confirm the said place.
7. It is pertinent to note here that besides the above tainted evidence, there is no other material to show or suggest the connectivity of the petitioner either with the contraband or with the principal accused. It is a bizarre situation. The manipulation at the hands of investigating agency cannot be ruled out. Detention of an individual based on such tainted disclosure statement particularly when there are two conflicting disclosures; cannot be made for an indefinite period. Interestingly, except the above two contrast disclosure statement there is nothing on record to either corroborate or connect the petitioner with the alleged transportation or recovery of the contraband.
8. If it is an information under Section 27 of the Evidence Act, something is required to be recovered or discovered in pursuance of the information supplied under Section 27 of the Evidence Act which distinctly relates to the commission of the crime. It is the admitted case of prosecution that in pursuance of the information furnished under Section 27 of the Evidence Act regarding the culpability of the petitioner, nothing new was disclosed, recovered or discovered. This court is of the view that at least there must be
Bail cannot be denied based solely on confessions without corroborative evidence; the accused's detention must be justified by reliable evidence.
The court established that confessions of co-accused require corroboration to justify detention, emphasizing the need for evidence in bail considerations under the NDPS Act.
The court established that confessions from co-accused require corroboration to justify detention, emphasizing the importance of evidence in bail considerations under the NDPS Act.
The court ruled that a lack of corroborative evidence linking the accused to the crime necessitates bail, emphasizing the importance of personal liberty and the need for material evidence in criminal....
The court established that for bail under the NDPS Act, there must be corroborative evidence beyond confessions to justify detention.
The court established that for charges under the NDPS Act, corroborative evidence is essential to substantiate claims of abetment or conspiracy.
The court established that the right to personal liberty and a speedy trial can override statutory restrictions on bail under the NDPS Act.
The court emphasized that mere allegations without corroborative evidence do not justify detention under the NDPS Act, leading to the granting of bail.
The court established that personal liberty and the right to a speedy trial can override statutory restrictions on bail under the NDPS Act when evidence is insufficient.
Confessions of co-accused require corroboration to be admissible; mere allegations without evidence do not justify denial of bail.
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