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2025 Supreme(HP) 1236

IN THE HIGH COURT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH, SHIMLA
RAKESH KAINTHLA, J.
State of H.P - Appellant
Versus
Puran Chand And Others - Respondents
Cr. Appeal No. 254 of 2012
Decided On : 24-09-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant :Mr Jitender K. Sharma, Deputy Advocate General.
For the Respondent:Mr Rajesh Mandhotra, Advocate

In appeal against acquittal, interference only if perverse, misreads evidence or guilt sole possible view; upheld here due to medical inconsistencies, unexplained accused injuries, improbable facts, credible defence creating reasonable doubt.

Headnote:(A) Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Sections 323, 325, 341, 342 and 506 r/w 34 - Criminal appeal by State against acquittal - Trial Court convicted accused for voluntarily causing hurt, grievous hurt, wrongful restraint, confinement and criminal intimidation in incident arising from milk quality dispute where informant beaten, tied to tree with rope, assaulted with stick and shovel, confined in room for two hours; medical evidence showed multiple injuries including fracture but inconsistent as caused by blunt side of shovel without testimony to that effect - Appellate Court acquitted noting improbability of prolonged assault before large crowd without intervention, doubtful chance witness presence omitted from FIR, non-explanation of accused injuries; High Court dismissed State appeal holding acquittal sustainable as reasonable view based on evidence contradictions - Interference in appeal against acquittal only if judgment perverse, based on misreading/omission of material evidence or no other reasonable view possible. (Paras 13,15-26)

(B) Evidence - Medical evidence - Where injuries caused by blunt side of weapon, prosecution must prove use of blunt side; presumption of sharp side use otherwise. (Para 15)

(C) Evidence - Defence witnesses - Entitled to equal weightage as prosecution witnesses. (Para 23)

(D) Prosecution case - Unexplained injuries on accused - Important circumstance indicating suppression of occurrence genesis, rendering prosecution version doubtful especially with competing defence. (Para 25)

Facts of the case:
Informant supplied milk to accused who complained of quality; on incident day informant assaulted by accused and family members, dragged, tied to tree, beaten with stick and shovel, confined in bolted room with threats amid claimed large gathering; rescued after two hours by panchayat members; FIR lodged same day, medical confirmed grievous injuries including fracture; weapons seized; trial convicted with concurrent sentences, appellate acquitted, State appealed.

Findings of Court:
Acquittal judgment of Appellate Court sustainable; no perversity or omission warranting interference.

Issues: Scope of appellate interference with acquittal; consistency of medical evidence with alleged weapons; credibility of eyewitnesses and chance witness; effect of large crowd non-intervention; weight to defence testimony; explanation for accused injuries.

Ratio Decidendi: Acquittal upheld as reasonable on evidence reappreciation showing medical mismatch (blunt shovel side unproved), FIR omission of witness, improbable public assault without rescue, credible independent defence testimony denying incident elements, unexplained simple injuries on accused suggesting unrevealed genesis; double presumption of innocence reinforces non-interference absent perversity.

Result: Appeal dismissed.

Table of Content
1. prosecution alleged assault, confinement over milk dispute. (Para 1 , 2)
2. trial court convicted based on eyewitness corroboration. (Para 3 , 4 , 5 , 6)
3. appellate court acquitted doubting witness presence. (Para 7)
4. state challenges appellate evidence appreciation errors. (Para 8 , 10)
5. acquittal reasonable; no interference in appeal. (Para 11)
6. interfere with acquittal only if perverse. (Para 12 , 13 , 14)
7. injuries inconsistent with alleged weapon use. (Para 15 , 17)
8. omission of witness in fir doubts presence. (Para 18)
9. crowd non-intervention renders incident improbable. (Para 19 , 20)
10. equal weight to credible defence witnesses. (Para 21 , 22 , 23 , 24)
11. unexplained accused injuries weaken prosecution case. (Para 25 , 26)
12. appeal dismissed; acquittal view sustainable. (Para 27 , 29)

JUDGMENT :

Rakesh Kainthla, J.

The present appeal is directed against the judgment dated 29.02.2012, passed by learned Additional Sessions Judge- II, Kangra at Dharamshala, District Kangra (HP) (learned Appellate Court), vide which the judgment of conviction and order of sentence dated 07.08.2008, passed by learned Judicial Magistrate First Class, Jawali, District Kangra, H.P. (learned Trial Court) were set aside. (Parties shall hereinafter be referred to in the same manner as they were arrayed before the learned Trial Court for convenience.)

2. Briefly stated, the facts giving rise to the present appeal are that the police presented a challan before the learned Trial Court against the accused for the commission of offences punishable under Sections 323, 325, 341, 342 and 506 read with Section 34 of the Indian Penal Code (hereinafter referred to as ‘IPC’). It was asserted that the informant, Swaroop Singh (PW1), is running a milk dairy at his home. He supplies milk to various people, including the accused (Puran Chand). Puran Chand complained to the informant about the quality of the milk 3-4 days before the incident. The informant replied that he did not have any other milk, and if the accused was unhappy with the quality, he should get the milk from someone else. The informant went to supply milk on 24.02.2006 on his scooter bearing registration no. HP54-7657 at about 08.30 AM. He parked his scooter outside Dev Raj’s house. Puran Chand came to the spot with his wife Satya Devi and sons Sanjeev @ Suresh Kumar and Hans Raj. They beat the informant, dragged him towards their house and tied him with ropes to a mango tree. They beat the informant with a stick (Ex. P3) and a shovel (Ex. P2). They dragged him inside the room and bolted the door from the outside. Puran Chand threatened to kill the informant. The incident was witnessed by many people, but nobody rescued the informant. The informant remained inside the room for about two hours. Jeewan Lal (Pradhan)(PW2), Suresh Kumar (Ward Member) (PW4), Ishwar Dass (Up-Pradhan) (PW3), and Dilawar Singh (Zila Parishad) rescued the informant. Manorma Devi, Pradhan, Gram Panchayat, Bharmad also came to the spot and asked the informant to settle the matter. The informant’s utensils, containers and plastic bottles remained on the spot. The money kept by the informant in his pocket was also missing. The matter was reported to the police, and FIR (Ex.PW1/A) was registered. HC Vinod Kumar (PW6) filed an application (Ex.PW6/A) for the informant’s medical examination. Dr Aman Dua (PW8) conducted the informant’s medical examination and found multiple injuries on his body. He advised an X-ray. Dr Raman Sharma (PW9) went through the X-ray and found that the informant had suffered a fracture of the 1/3rd upper fibula. He issued the reports (Ex.PW9/A and Ex.PW9/B). Dr Aman Dua (PW8) issued the final report (Ex.PW8/A) stating that the nature of injuries was grievous and their probable duration was three hours. ASI Desh Raj (PW7) conducted further investigation. He went to the spot and prepared a site plan (Ex.PW7/A). He seized the rope (Ex. P1), shovel (Ex. P2), and stick (Ex. P3) vide m




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