IN THE HIGH COURT OF JAMMU AND KASHMIR AT JAMMU
Sanjeev Kumar, J.
Rajesh Kumar Tomar
Versus
Union of India and Ors.
WP(C) 40/2021 and CM Nos.195/2021 & 1084/2021
Decided on 8.3.2021
(A) Constitution of India-Article 226-Territorial jurisdiction of High Court-Accrual of cause of action-Power is to be exercised throughout territories in relation to which High Court exercises jurisdiction-Writs issued by Courts cannot run beyond territories subject to its jurisdiction-A person or authority to whom High Court is empowered to issue such writs must be within those territories which clearly implies that they must be amenable to its jurisdiction either by residence or location within those territories-Even a fraction of cause of action is a part of cause of action and is sufficient enough to vest jurisdiction in High Court, provided it arises within territories in relation to which High Court exercises its jurisdiction-Cause of action or part thereof or fraction of cause of action must be one which is material, integral or essential part of lis. (Para 16)
(B) Constitution of India-Article 226-Territorial jurisdiction of High Court-Accrual of cause of action-Facts pleaded in writ petition do not indicate or demonstrate that cause of action or part thereof or even a fraction of cause of action which is integral or material to lis between parties has arisen within territorial jurisdiction of this Court-Acts or omissions alleged against petitioners have been committed outside territorial jurisdiction of this Court-Court of Inquiry, Record of Evidence and order convening General Force Court etc., have been passed by authorities not located anywhere in Jammu and Kashmir-Simply because petitioner is posted in Jammu and Kashmir and has been informed of action envisaged against him in UT of Jammu and Kashmir is not sufficient to vest jurisdiction in this Court to entertain petition-Communications issued to petitioners informing him about action initiated against him sent to his address in Jammu and Kashmir do not constitute integral part of cause of action sufficient enough to clothe this Court with territorial jurisdiction to entertain this petition-No territorial jurisdiction to entertain present writ petition-Same accordingly dismissed-Petitioner given liberty to approach appropriate High Court for Redressal of his grievance. (Paras 17 and 18)
Result-Writ Petition dismissed.
Judgment
Sanjeev Kumar, J.—The petitioner is a serving officer of Indo-Tibetan Border Police (‘ITBP’ for short), presently posted as Commandant (Staff) at Sector Headquarters Srinagar, J&K. He has invoked the extraordinary jurisdiction of this Court vested by virtue of Article 226 of the Constitution to seek quashment of findings of the Court of Inquiry dated 11.05.2020 conducted in pursuance of order dated 27.03.2019 issued by respondent No.3. The petitioner also challenges order dated 19.06.2020 whereby and whereunder ‘Record of Evidence’ (ROE) has been ordered against the petitioner for holding his trial by the General Force Court. The consequent orders, including the charge-sheet dated 02.11.2020 served upon the petitioner, are also subject matter of challenge in this petition. As a matter of fact, the petitioner has sought multiple reliefs against the respondents.
2. Mr. Vishal Sharma, learned ASGI, representing the respondents, has raised a preliminary objection with regard to the maintainability of this petition on the ground that this Court lacks territorial jurisdiction to entertain the instant petition. It is claimed that since no cause of action or part thereof has arisen within the territorial jurisdiction of this Court, as such, this Court lacks territorial jurisdiction to entertain this writ petition. He submits that the Court of Inquiry was ordered by the Inspector General of ITBP, Eastern Frontier, Lucknow (U.P) with regard to the allegations pertaining to the period when he was posted in the Eastern Frontier Headquarter. The subsequent orders for ‘Recording of Evidence, framing of charge-sheet against the petitioner and the order for assembly of a General Force Court etc., have been issued by the authorities located outside the territorial jurisdiction of this Court. He submits that mere passing of the impugned orders when the petitioner was posted in J&K, does not mean that a part of action has accrued in the Union Territory of J&K which is subject to the jurisdiction of this Court.
3. Per contra, Mr Abhinav Sharma, learned senior counsel representing the petitioner, submits that the petitioner was posted as Commandant 11th Bn ITBP, under Sector HQ Gangtok of Eastern Frontier up to 26.02.2019 and on 27.02.2019, he was transferred and posted as Commandant (Staff) at Sector Head Quarters, Srinagar, J&K of North West Frontier. And all the subsequent orders, which are impugned in this petition, have been passed by the respondents while the petitioner was serving in J&K and, therefore, it cannot be said that no part of cause of action has accrued within the territorial jurisdiction of this Court.
4. Having heard learned counsel for the parties on the point of territorial jurisdiction of this Court to entertain this petition, I am of the considered view that the objection raised by the learned ASGI has merit and must sustain.
5. The Court of Inquiry was ordered by respondent No.3 on 27.03.2019 with regard to the allegations pertaining to the period when the petitioner was posted as Commandant 11th Bn, ITBP under Sector Headquarter, Gangtok. The Court of Inquiry was held in the Sector Headquarter of Eastern Frontier. The impugned orders i.e. the orders of ‘Recording of Evidence’, framing of charge-sheet, order for convening of General Force Court, were passed by the authorities located outside the territorial jurisdiction of this Court. The Court of Inquiry was conducted at the Eastern Frontier Headquarters at Aliganj, Lucknow (UP). Simply because, when the orders impugned were passed and the action was initiated, the petitioner was posted in Jammu and Kashmir would not clothe this Court with the territorial jurisdiction to entertain this petition. As a matter of fact, Mr. Abhinav Sharma, learned senior counsel was fair enough to concede that not even a single order pertaining to the enquiry into the allegations against the petitioner has been passed by any authority in Jammu and Kashmir and that the allegations whi
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Point of Law : Territorial jurisdiction - Prior to Constitutional (Fifteenth Amendment Act, 1963, concept of cause of action was alien for adjudication of disputes by High Court under Article 226 of ....
The main legal point established in the judgment is that the cause of action must arise within the territorial jurisdiction of the High Court for the exercise of power under Article 226 of the Consti....
A High Court's jurisdiction under Article 226(2) requires that part of the cause of action arises within its territorial limits.
The main legal point established in the judgment is the interpretation of 'cause of action' and the concept of territorial jurisdiction under Article 226 of the Constitution in relation to the notice....
Territorial jurisdiction of a High Court under Article 226(2) of the Constitution is determined by whether the cause of action, either in whole or in part, has arisen within its territorial limits.
The main legal point established in the judgment is that the mere communication of correspondence and orders does not give rise to a cause of action within the territorial jurisdiction of the court.
High Court's jurisdiction to entertain a writ petition under Article 226 is contingent upon the presence of a cause of action within its territorial limits, as clarified by recent rulings.
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