IN THE HIGH COURT OF JAMMU AND KASHMIR AND LADAKH AT SRINAGAR
Tashi Rabstan, J.
Shabir Ahmad Malik – Petitioner
Versus
Union Territory of J&K and another - Respondents
WP(Crl) No.165 of 2021
Decided On : 25-02-2022
Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 - Section 161 - Constitution of India, 1950 - Article 22(5) - J&K Public Safety Act 1978 - Section 13 - Preventive detention - Activities which are prejudicial to security of State - Constitutional right - Quashment of Order - Whether prejudicial activities of a person necessitating to pass an order of detention is proximate to time when order is made or live-link between prejudicial activities and purpose of detention is snapped, depends on facts and circumstances of each case - Petitioner, to strengthen what has been submitted and averred in this petition, has stated that cases mentioned in grounds of detention have no nexus with detenu as cases/FIRs, heavily relied upon by detaining authority to arrive at subjective satisfaction, had been registered way back in year 2013 and 2016 - He, thereafter, asserts that allegations made in grounds of detention are vague, non-existent and no Prudent man can make a representation against such allegation and passing of detention on such grounds is unjustified and unreasonable and that detaining authority has mentioned two FIRs in grounds of detention, but according to learned counsel, allegations against detenu are far from reality.
Finding of the court :
The nature of right infringed, underlying purpose of restrictions imposed, extent and urgency of evil sought to be remedied thereby, disproportion of imposition, prevailing conditions at time, all provide basis for considering reasonableness of a particular provision. Procedure embodied in Act has to be judged in context of urgency and magnitude of problem, underlying purpose of restrictions and the prevailing conditions - When any person is detained in pursuance of an order made under any law providing for preventive detention, authority making the order shall, as soon as may be, communicate to such person grounds on which order has been made and shall afford him earliest opportunity of making a representation against the order - Preventive detention of a person by a State after branding him a ‘goonda’ merely because normal legal process is ineffective and time-consuming in ‘curbing evil he spreads’, is illegal and that detention of a person is a serious matter affecting liberty of citizen - Preventive detention cannot be resorted to when sufficient remedies are available under general laws of land for any omission or commission under such laws, Supreme Court observed - No doubt offences alleged to have been committed by detenu are such as to attract punishment under prevailing laws but that has to be done under said prevalent laws and taking recourse to preventive detention laws would not be warranted - Preventive detention involves detaining of a person without trial in order to prevent him from committing certain types of offence - But such a detention cannot be made a substitute for ordinary law and absolve investigating authorities of their normal functions of investigating the crimes which the detenu may have committed.
Result : Petition is disposed of
JUDGMENT :
1. Through the medium of this writ petition, the petitioner is praying for quashment of the Order No.35/DMA/PSA/DET/2021 dated 17.10.2021, whereby the District Magistrate, Anantnag (respondent No.2), has placed the detenu, namely, Shabir Ahmad Malik S/o Abdul Rashid Malik R/o Bonagund, Verinag District Anantnag, under the preventive detention to prevent him from the activities which are prejudicial to the security of the State.
2. Reply Affidavit has been filed by respondents.
3. …….
4. Heard and considered.
5. Learned counsel for petitioner, to strengthen what has been submitted and averred in this petition, has stated that the cases mentioned in the grounds of detention have no nexus with the detenu as the cases/FIRs, heavily relied upon by the detaining authority to arrive at subjective satisfaction, had been registered way back in the year 2013 and 2016. He, thereafter, asserts that allegations made in grounds of detention are vague, non-existent and no prudent man can make a representation against such allegation and passing of detention on such grounds is unjustified and unreasonable and that detaining authority has mentioned two FIRs in grounds of detention, but according to learned counsel, the allegations against detenu are far from reality. The allegations as reflected in the grounds of detention, as vehemently maintained by learned counsel for petitioner, are vague and do not justify passing of detention order on the basis of such allegations and that detaining authority has not given any reasonable justification to pass detention order, and therefore, impugned order suffers from complete non-application of mind on part of detaining authority. It is also stated that the detaining authority has not attributed any fresh activity which would have warranted passing of the order of detention and detaining authority has in mechanical manner mentioned that normal law has not proved sufficient whereas his own grounds negate this contention. It is also stated that the detaining authority has not furnished the relevant material, like the copy of dossier, the order of detention and the connected material as per the record furnished to the detaining authority by the police and relied upon by the detaining authority for passing the impugned order of detention, nor the relevant material, like copies of FIRs, statement under Section 161 Cr. P.C. of the cases mentioned in the grounds of detention, the seizure memos, the arrest memos, the bail orders have been furnished to the detenu to enable him to make an effective representation by giving his version of facts attributed to him and make an attempt to dispel the apprehensions nurtured by the detaining authority as regards the alleged involvement of the detenu in the alleged activities, against the said order to the competent authority of the detenu in the alleged activities, against the said order to the competent authority since filing of an effective representation is a constitutional right and to enable the detenu to file such a representation it is necessary to provide him the copies of dossier, connecting material to the detenu, therefore, the constitutional right guaranteed to the detenu under Article 22(5) of the Constitution of India stands infringed.
6. Per contra learned counsel for respondents has averred that the material, which was relied by the detaining authority, was furnished to the detenu besides the grounds of detention along with the order of detention was supplied to the detenu against proper receipt and the grounds of detention are precise, proximate, pertinent and relevant, and that there is no vagueness or staleness in the grounds coupled with the definite indications as to the impact thereof, which has been precisely stated in the grounds of detention and the incidents clearly substantiate the subjective satisfaction arrived at by the detaining authority.
7. The reverence of life is insegragably concomitant with the dignity of a human being who is basi
A.K. Roy Vs. Union of India (1982) 1 SCC 271
A.S. Mohd. Rafi Vs. State of Tamilnadu AIR 2011 SC 308
Abdul Latif Abdul Wahab Sheikh v. B. K. Jha and another (1987) 2 SCC 22
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District Collector, Ananthapur & amp
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Icchu Devi Choraria (Smt.) v. Union of India and others (1980) 4 SCC 531
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M. Nagaraj & ors. Vs. Union of India & ors. (2006) 8 SCC 212
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Rajinder Arora v. Union of India and others (2006) 4 SCC 796
Ram Baochan Dubey v. State of Maharashtra and Another (1982) 3 SCC 383
Ramachandra A. Kamat v. Union of India an dothers (1980) 2 SCC 270
Ratan Singh v. State of Punjab and others 1981 (4) SCC 481
Rekha v. State of Tami Nnadu AIR 2011 SCW 2262
S. Gurdip Singh v. Union of India and others (1981) 1 SCC 419
Sama Aruna v. State of Telengana AIR 2017 SC 2662
Shalini Soni (Smt.) & Others v. Union of India and Others (1980) 4 SCC 544
Sophia Mohd. Bham v. State of Maharashtra and others (1999) 6 SCC 593
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T.A.Abdul Rahman v. State of Kerala (1989) 4 SCC 741
Tusha Thakker (Shri) v. Union of India and others (1980) 4 SCC 499
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Point of Law : The detenu has a right, under Article 22(5), to be furnished with particulars of grounds of his detention, sufficient to enable him to make a representation, which on being considered ....
Denial of necessary documentation violates the rights of detainee under the Constitution, mandating strict adherence to procedural safeguards in preventive detention.
Preventive detention requires strict adherence to procedural safeguards; non-compliance leads to quashing of detention orders.
Preventive detention vitiated by vague grounds lacking specifics, mechanical reproduction of police dossier showing non-application of mind, failure to supply material in understandable language, and....
The main legal point established in the judgment is the importance of procedural safeguards and the detenue's right to be provided with the whole material on which the detention order is based in pre....
The judgment emphasizes the importance of procedural safeguards in preventive detention and highlights the need for fair and just procedures, minimal restrictions, and the protection of personal libe....
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