IN THE HIGH COURT OF JAMMU AND KASHMIR AT JAMMU
Sanjeev Kumar, J.
Mulkh Raj – Appellant
Versus
Madan Mohan – Respondent
OWP No.2058/2018 IA 1/2018
Decided on 09-04-2021
(A) Code of Civil Procedure, 1908-Order 10-Examination of parties by Court-Examination of parties under Order 10 CPC can be of party, his companion or Pleader representing him-Party, whether plaintiff or defendant, is not subjected to any cross-examination and statement made by a party does not have any evidentiary value for determination of lis-Examination of a party in person is not mandatory and it can be of Counsel or even companion of party who is able to answer material questions relating to suit. (Paras 9 and 10)
(B) Code of Civil Procedure, 1908-Order 14 Rule 1-Framing of issue-It is not every assertion made by plaintiff and denied by defendant that would give rise to issue in a suit between parties--It is only material proposition affirmed by one party and denied by other party that would give rise to an issue of fact or law, to be determined in suit--In a suit for eviction simplicitor, where there is no prayer for decree for recovery of rental, proposition of fact affirmed by plaintiff that monthly rental of suit shop is Rs.2000/- and denied by defendant is not a material proposition that may give rise to an issue between parties-Trial Court has correctly rejected claim of defendant for framing of an additional issue-No infirmity or illegality in order of trial Court-All other allied matters of dispute like whether plaintiff has alternate accommodation to satisfy his need would subsume in issue of bona fide personal necessity already framed and are matter of evidence-It a not fit case for invoking powers of superintendence of this Court vested under Article 227 of Constitution-Writ petition dismissed. (Paras 14, 15 and 16)
Result-Writ Petition dismissed.
Judgment :
Sanjeev Kumar, J.
1. The petitioner is the defendant in a suit filed by the respondent before the Court of learned Sub-Judge (Additional Special Mobile Magistrate), Udhampur (hereinafter referred to as the ‘trial Court’) for ejectment of the petitioner from a shop situate at Gole Market, Udhampur. For facility of reference, the petitioner and the respondent in this petition shall hereinafter be referred to as the ‘defendant’ and the ‘plaintiff’ respectively. The defendant is aggrieved by an order dated 09.09.2017 whereby the part statement of the plaintiff through his counsel under Order 10 of CPC has been recorded as also order dated 17.01.2018 whereby the issues have been framed by the learned trial Court. The defendant is also aggrieved of order dated 21.08.2018 whereby the application for reframing of issues filed by the defendant has been dismissed by the trial Court.
2. All the three orders aforesaid are neither appealable, nor revisable under the Code of Civil Procedure and, therefore, in lieu thereof, the petitioner has invoked the power of superintendence of this Court vested under Article 227 of the Constitution.
3. Before dealing with the specific challenge taken by the petitioner to the impugned orders, it is appropriate to notice few facts which are material for the disposal of this petition.
4. A suit for ejectment of the defendant filed by the plaintiff is subjudice in the trial Court. The plaintiff has sought the eviction of the defendant on the solitary ground of personal necessity. There is no relief sought with regard to the arrears of rent qua the suit shop, though it is claimed by the plaintiff that the suit shop was initially rented out to the defendant w.e.f 01.08.2006 on the monthly rent of Rs.900/- which was subsequently enhanced mutually by the parties to Rs.2000 per month. This claim of the plaintiff is denied by the defendant, who has claimed and pleaded in his written statement that initially, the monthly rental of the suit shop was Rs.650/- per month which was later on enhanced to Rs.900 per month. This fact is witnessed by a compromise deed executed by the parties. The defendant has also denied that the suit shop is required by the plaintiff for any bonafide personal use and occupation.
5. After the filing of the written statement, it seems that the trial Court directed the parties to appear for recording of their statements under Order 10 CPC. The part statement of the plaintiff was recorded on 05.08.2017 and the matter was fixed for 09.09.2017. On 09.09.2017, the trial Court instead of recording the deferred statement of the plaintiff recorded the fresh statement of counsel for the plaintiff. The objection raised by the defendant against the recording of the statement of learned counsel for the plaintiff was, however, turned down by the trial Court. The trial Court, after recording the statement of learned counsel for the plaintiff as also of the defendant under Order 10 CPC, framed the following issues:
(i) Whether the suit shop is reasonably and bonafidely required by the plaintiff for his own use to start some business with the aid of his wife due to his disablement to augment his pensionary income to cope the needs of his family comprising of two sons and a daughter undergoing studies ? OPP
(ii) Whether the income of the defendant from the suit shop is the only source of livelihood for defendant and his family ? OPD
(iii) What will be the comparative advantages and this disadvantages of parties in case of eviction ? OP Parties
(iv) whether need of parties can be met by partial eviction ?
(v) Relief.
6. Thereafter the plaintiff was directed to lead his evidence. The defendant feeling dissatisfied with the framing of issues moved an application on 29.05.2018 purportedly under Order 14 Rule 5 CPC seeking reframing of some of the issues. This application was dismissed by the trial Court vide order dated 21.08.2018 primarily on the ground that since the relationship of landlord and tena
The High Court upheld the trial court's rejection of an amendment to the written statement, affirming that such amendments are allowed only under specific conditions and do not alter the nature of th....
Reasonable and bonafide necessity of a landlord has to be seen on the date of the institution of the suit, and subsequent events can be taken into consideration if they have a material bearing on the....
The court's decision emphasized that hearing the application for framing additional issues and the main appeal on the same date would not prejudice the petitioner.
Failure to take timely steps in legal proceedings may result in the dismissal of subsequent applications, and the court may find no prejudice in listing multiple matters for hearing on the same date.
Amendments to rectify defects in pleadings regarding statutory provisions can be allowed at the initial stage of a case and do not change the nature of the petition.
A single co-owner can initiate eviction proceedings against a tenant without the consent of other co-owners based on agency principles, supporting the maintainability of such petitions.
Admissions in prior suits can be used as evidence in subsequent cases, and courts have inherent powers to reopen evidence for the ends of justice.
Ownership issues cannot be determined in eviction suits, and certified copies of public documents are admissible in evidence.
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