IN THE HIGH COURT OF JHARKHAND AT RANCHI
ANUBHA RAWAT CHOUDHARY, J.
Kishan Maharaj @ Krishna Prasad Giri, Son of Late Murlidhar Giri - Appellant
Vs.
Rakhohari Goswami, Son of Late Ram Bhushan Goswami - Respondent
Second Appeal No. 337 of 2018
Decided On : 07-01-2025
(A) Code of Civil Procedure - Order VIII Rule 10 - Suit for recovery of possession - Suit barred by limitation as the defendant was in possession since 1991 - The learned trial Court did not frame any issue on limitation - The appellate Court failed to consider the scope of relief sought by the plaintiff regarding the land involved in the sale-deed dated 17.08.2006. (Paras 3, 4, 5, 6)
(B) Limitation - The suit was deemed barred due to the defendant's long-term possession, highlighting the importance of limitation in property disputes. (Paras 3, 5)
(C) Relief Beyond Scope - The appellate Court granted relief exceeding the plaintiff's original claim of 5 decimals of land, which raises concerns regarding judicial overreach. (Paras 6, 7)
Facts of the case:
The appellant's suit was decreed under CPC, but the defendant had been in possession of the property since 1991, leading to a claim of limitation. The appellant contended that the trial Court's decree did not address the limitation issue nor the specific land involved in the sale-deed.
Findings of Court:
The appeal was admitted for final hearing on the substantial question of law regarding the justification of the relief granted beyond the land specified in the sale-deed.
Issues: Whether the Courts were justified in granting relief beyond the 5 decimals of land specified in the sale-deed.
Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized the necessity of addressing limitation in property cases and the importance of granting relief strictly within the scope of the plaintiff's claims.
Result: Appeal admitted for final hearing.
JUDGMENT :
ANUBHA RAWAT CHOUDHARY, J.
Mr. Ramchander Sahu, learned counsel for the appellant is present.
2. Heard the learned counsel appearing on behalf of the appellant.
3. Learned counsel for the appellant has submitted that the suit was decreed under the provisions of Order VIII Rule 10 of Code of Civil Procedure (hereinafter referred to as CPC) but the learned Court has not considered the fact that the suit was barred by limitation, inasmuch as, the defendant was in possession of the property since 1991. The learned counsel submits that the defendant being in possession of the property since 08.08.1991, the suit for recovery of possession was barred by the law of limitation and the learned Court did not frame any issue on the point of limitation.
4. The learned trial Court took only one question for determination i.e., as to whether the plaintiff was entitled for any relief. The learned trial Court considered the materials on record and held that the plaintiff had right, title and interest in connection with Khata No. 54, CS Plot No. 660, R.S. Plot No. 1301 area 09 decimals. The learned trial Court has also set-aside the sale-deed bearing no.7226 dated 17.08.2006 and held that the plaintiff was entitled for recovery of possession with respect to the land involved in the sale- deed.
5. Learned counsel for the appellant has submitted that the appeal was dismissed by the appellate Court, but the learned appellate Court has failed to consider that the suit was filed seeking a declaration of plaintiff's right, title and interest over schedule – A land by cancelling the registered sale-deed no. 7226 dated 17.08.2006 and the schedule- A land was only in connection with the land involved in the sale-deed.
6. The learned counsel has submitted that the Court has granted relief with respect to the declaration of title in connection with 9 decimals of land although the suit property for which the declaration was sought was only with respect to 5 decimals of land. The learned counsel has submitted that the Courts have granted relief to the plaintiff which was beyond the relief sought for.
7. After hearing the learned counsel for the appellant, this appeal is admitted for final hearing on following substantial question of law:
"Whether the learned Courts were justified in granting relief to the plaintiff beyond 5 decimals of land which was involved in sale-deed no. 7226 dated 17.08.2006 in connection with which the relief was prayed for in the suit?"
8. At this, Dr. Bhanu Giri, Advocate, has submitted that he has received Vakalatnama on behalf of respondent no.1 and he undertakes to file the Vakalatnama within a period of one week from today.
9. Accordingly, no notice be issued to respondent no. 1.
10. The appeal has abated as against respondent no.4 vide order dated 05.09.2024.
11. Let notice be issued to respondent nos. 2 and 3 through the concerned police station. The notice should be accompanied with a copy of the memo of appeal and also its enclosures. The requisites etc. be filed by the appellant by 13th January 2025.
12. Let the records of Title Suit No. 58/2009A and also records of Civil Appeal No. 55 of 2014 be called for from the learned Court concerned.
13. Post this case on 04th March 2025 under the heading "For Final Disposal" in the supplementary cause-list.
14. Let this order be communicated to the learned Court concerned through 'FAX/email'.
The courts must consider limitation in property disputes and grant relief strictly within the scope of the plaintiff's claims.
A suit based on title for recovery of possession is not subject to limitation, and adverse possession must be pleaded and proved with particulars to affect the limitation period.
It is settled law that while considering application filed under Order 7, Rule 11(d) of C.P.C., defence is immaterial and Court has to only look into averments of plaint and application cannot be dec....
The application under Order 7 Rule 11 of CPC should be drafted with clarity and simplicity, and the court can dismiss a suit if it concludes that, based on the averments of the plaint, the suit is ba....
An undivided owner's possession of property cannot be transferred without proper authority, and actions for cancellation of disputed sales are valid within three years from knowledge of the sale's ex....
A claim of adverse possession fails if the continuity of possession is disrupted by lawful eviction, and the executing court lacks jurisdiction to decide title issues when eviction proceedings are pe....
The original sale deed must be produced to validate property claims; failure to do so leads to adverse inferences and dismissal of the suit.
The court affirmed that subsequent sales by a seller do not confer title if the original purchaser's rights were validly established prior.
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