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2025 Supreme(Jhk) 2111

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JHARKHAND AT RANCHI
SUJIT NARAYAN PRASAD, PRADEEP KUMAR SRIVASTAVA,  JJ.
Md. Faiyaz Ahmad son of Md. Ishhaque Ansari – Appellant 
Versus
The State of Jharkhand – Respondent  
Civil Review No. 107 of 2024
Decided On : 29-04-2025

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Petitioners: Mr. Indrajit Sinha, Mr. Ajay Kumar Sah
For the Respondent-State: Mr. Sahbaj Akhtar

Review jurisdiction is strictly limited to apparent errors in the record or new evidence; acceptance of a reduced pay scale upon appointment restricts subsequent claims for higher pay.

Headnote:(A) Constitution of India - Article 226 - Review Jurisdiction - Petition challenging reduction of pay scale from Rs. 5200-20200/- grade pay Rs. 2800/- to Rs. 1900/- as arbitrary. Petitioners argued for equal pay for equal work given similar qualifications and duties, which the court found statistically reasonable but legally unfounded. (Paras 1, 18, 36)

(B) Review principles - Review is restricted to new evidence or error apparent on the face of the record; not for re-examining merits. The court emphasized that acceptance of a reduced pay upon appointment limits the petitioners' ability to contest the amendment. (Paras 38, 70)

Facts of the case:
Petitioners, appointed as Compounders after being selected based on an advertisement showing higher pay grade, challenged the state's subsequent reduction prior to their joining, claiming arbitrary treatment compared to peers in neighboring states. (Paras 1-14)

Findings of Court:
The court found that since the petitioners had accepted the reduced pay upon joining, they could not later contest it. Further, the amendment to the rules was deemed not to impair any vested rights as none had accrued. (Paras 71-72)

Issues: The primary issue was whether the retrospective application of the reduced pay scale infringed upon the petitioners' right to fair compensation as advertised. (Paras 32, 60)

Ratio Decidendi: The court affirmed that the review process is not a means to challenge merits unless an error is distinctly evident. Acceptance of the reduced pay fortifies the legality of the amendment. The court confirmed that the petitioners lacked standing to claim compensation as alleged. (Paras 18, 61)

Result: Review petition dismissed.

Table of Content
1. jurisdiction under article 226 for review petition. (Para 1 , 2)
2. facts surrounding the pay scale for compounder and pharmacist posts. (Para 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 10 , 11)
3. amendment of pay scale rules and its implications. (Para 8 , 9 , 12 , 13 , 14)
4. respondent’s contention regarding petitioners' acceptance of reduced pay scale. (Para 15 , 16 , 17)
5. claim for pay scale increased based on redesignation as pharmacist. (Para 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23)
6. review petition challenging retrospective application of amended rules. (Para 30 , 31 , 34 , 35 , 36)
7. legal principles regarding grounds for review applications. (Para 37 , 38 , 39 , 40)
8. assessment of vested rights in relation to amended rules. (Para 49 , 60 , 61 , 62)
9. dismissal of review petition based on acceptance of reduced pay scale. (Para 71 , 72)

JUDGMENT :

Sujit Narayan Prasad, J.

Prayer

1. The jurisdiction conferred to this Court under Article 226 of the Constitution of India has been invoked for review of the order dated 15.07.2024 passed in W.P(S) No.7247 of 2023, by which the prayer made on behalf of the petitioners to place them in the pay scale of Rs.5200-20200/- in Grade Pay of Rs. 2800/- from the pay scale of Rs. 5200-20200/- in Grade Pay Rs.1900/- has been held not sustainable in the eyes of law. Factual Matrix of the Case:

2. The brief facts of the case as pleaded in the instant review petition needs to refer herein which is being referred herein as under:

3. The petitioners averred that an advertisement being Advertisement no.01 of 2018 was published by the Jharkhand Staff Selection Commission inviting applications from eligible candidates for appointment on the post of various posts including Compounder and Pharmacist. As per the said advertisement, the pay scale of Compounder and Pharmacist was shown Rs.5200-20200/-, Grade Pay Rs.2800/- (Rs.29200-66600/-).

4. As per the said advertisement, essential qualification for the posts of Compounder and Pharmacist was Intermediate/10+2 (Science subject) with Diploma Course Pass or Matric Pass prior to 1994 with Diploma Course of Compounder/Pharmacist pass. It is also stated that the syllabus for appointment on the posts of Compounder and Pharmacist was also identical.

5. The specific case of these review petitioners is that they have been found eligible themselves applied for appointment on the post of Compounder and Pharmacist and on scrutiny admit cards were issued to the petitioners for appearing in the written examination, which was held on 2.12.2018.

6. The review petitioners appeared in the said examination and result was published on 8.2.2019 and the petitioners were declared successful candidates.

7. After publication of the result, the date was fixed for document verification which was scheduled on 14.2.2019. After document verification, final result was published on 16.4.2019 and the petitioners were declared successful.

8. The respondent-Department, Home, Jail and Disaster Management, Government of Jharkhand, Ranchi vide notification as contained in Memo no.4743 dated 4.9.2019 amended Rule 16 (ii) of the Rules, 2016 and reduced the pay scale of Compounder to Rs.5200- 20200/-, Grade Pay Rs.1900/- from the pay scale of Rs.5200-20200/-, Grade Pay Rs.2800/-.

9. On being declared successful and after document verification, the petitioners were appointed on the post Compounder, and they joined on the said post vide office order as contained in Memo no.1229 dated 1.6.2023 issued under the signature of the Inspector General of Prison, Jharkhand, Ranchi, the services of the petitioners were confirmed with effect from 22.10.2021.

10. Being aggrieved with Rule 16(ii) of the Rules, 2016 by which the pay scale of Compounder was reduced to Rs.5200-20200/-, Grade Pay Rs.1900/- from the pay scale of Rs.5200-20200/-, Grade Pay Rs.2800/- a writ petition was preferred by the writ petitioners/review petitioners.

11.Before the writ Court the ground has been taken that the pay scale of Compounder and Pharmacist is sam

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