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2026 Supreme(Jhk) 229

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JHARKHAND AT RANCHI
Anil Kumar Choudhary, J.
Dr. Anil Kumar Singh - Petitioner
Versus
The State of Jharkhand - Opposite Party
Cr.M.P. No.569 of 2021
Decided On : 25-02-2026

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner:Mr. Nagmani Tiwari, Advocate, Mr. Amit Kr. Verma, Advocate, Mr. Govind Ray Karan, Advocate, Mr. Gaurav Kr. Pandey, Advocate
For the Respondent:Ms. Ruby Pandey, Addl.P.P., Mr. Rajiv Kumar Karam, Advocate

Under Section 482 CrPC, High Court cannot quash Section 304A IPC proceedings on police charge-sheet by assessing allegation falsity or conducting mini-trial; Magistrate need not record reasons for cognizance based on investigation materials.

Headnote:(A) Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 - Sections 190(1)(b) and 482 - Indian Penal Code - Section 304A - Quashing of proceedings - Taking cognizance based on police charge-sheet - Magistrate not required to record reasons for issuing process or summons, having advantage of charge-sheet, witness statements and investigation materials - "In case of taking cognizance of an offence based upon the police report, the Magistrate is not required to record any reason." - Direct allegation of rash and negligent act causing death during surgical procedure in FIR, supported by police investigation and witness statements in case-diary - Contention that allegations false is trial defence, veracity not to be assessed under Section 482 CrPC - No mini-trial or evidence appreciation permissible - "no mini trial can be conducted by the High Court in exercise of the power under Section 482CrPC". (Paras 4, 10, 11, 12)

Facts of the case:
Accused caused death by rash and negligent act while conducting surgical procedure. FIR led to police case, investigation confirmed allegations, charge-sheet filed under Section 304A IPC. Magistrate took cognizance after prior remand for fresh order. Petition under Section 482 CrPC to quash proceedings including cognizance order.

Findings of Court:
Proceedings disclose prima facie offence based on FIR allegations and investigation materials; not fit case for quashing at nascent stage before charge framing.

Issues: Whether cognizance order valid without detailed reasons; whether proceedings quashable under Section 482 CrPC denying negligence and claiming false allegations.

Ratio Decidendi: At summons stage on police report, no reasons required for cognizance; High Court cannot adjudicate defence or conduct mini-trial on allegation falsity, job of trial court; materials if true disclose offence under Section 304A IPC.

Result: Criminal Miscellaneous Petition dismissed.

Table of Content
1. petition to quash cognizance under section 304a ipc in police case (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4)
2. precedents quashing doctor negligence proceedings absent proof (Para 5 , 6 , 7 , 8)
3. prima facie case from fir, investigation, charge-sheet sufficient (Para 9)
4. no reasons needed for cognizance on police report (Para 10)
5. falsity defence for trial, not section 482 quashing (Para 11 , 13)
6. no mini-trial or evidence appreciation under section 482 (Para 12)
7. petition dismissed lacking merit (Para 14)

JUDGMENT :

ANIL KUMAR CHOUDHARY, J.

Heard the parties.

2. This Criminal Miscellaneous Petition has been filed invoking the jurisdiction of this Court under Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 with the prayer to quash the entire criminal proceeding including the order dated 26.02.2020 passed by the learned Judicial Magistrate-1st Class, Bokaro in connection with Bokaro Steel City P.S. Case No.245 of 2018 corresponding to G.R. Case No.86 of 2019 whereby and where under the learned Judicial Magistrate-1st Class, Bokaro took cognizance of the offence punishable under Section 304A of the Indian Penal Code basing upon the charge-sheet submitted by the police after investigation of the case.

3. Learned counsel for the petitioner submits that this is the second journey of the petitioner with the self-same prayer as earlier the petitioner filed Cr.M.P. No.4026 of 2019. It is next submitted that a co- ordinate Bench of this Court vide order dated 15.01.2020 in the said Cr.M.P. No.4026 of 2019 was of the view that since the materials against the petitioner in the order impugned has not been mentioned so, it set aside the impugned order and remitted the matter to the Magistrate concerned with the direction to pass a fresh order in accordance with the provisions of law.

4. The allegation against the petitioner is that the petitioner caused the death of Sikandar Ansari by doing rash and negligent act resulting in his death. On the basis of the written report submitted by the informant, police registered Bokaro Steel City P.S. Case No.245 of 2018 and took up the investigation of the case. After completion of the investigation, police submitted charge-sheet against the petitioner for having committed the offence punishable under Section 304A of the Indian Penal Code after finding the allegation against the petitioner to be true. After the case was remitted to the court of Judicial Magistrate- 1st Class, Bokaro vide the said order dated 15.01.2020 passed in Cr.M.P. No.4026 of 2019, the learned Judicial Magistrate-1st Class, Bokaro on the basis of perusal of paragraph Nos.2, 3, 4, 20 and 21 of the case-diary in which the statement of the witnesses were recorded by the Investigating Officer of the case and as the witnesses supported the allegations attributed against the petitioner in toto that there was negligence on the part of the petitioner while performing his duty found that prima facie case is made out against the petitioner under Section 304A of the Indian Penal Code and took cognizance of the said offence.

5. Learned counsel for the petitioner submits that the case is next fixed to 09.03.2026 for supply of police papers but charge has not been framed. Learned counsel for the petitioner relies upon the judgment of this Court in the case of Dr. Prakash Singh vs. The State of Jharkhand reported in ::23396 and submits that in the facts of that case as the allegation of negligence was against the nurse of the hospital but there was no allegation against the petitioner before this Court in that case, who is the doctor in the hospital, this Court quashed the entire criminal proceedings and submits that in this case also there is no negligence on the part of the petitioner.

6. Learned counsel for the petitioner next relies upon the judgment of this Court in the case of Dr. Shipra Sarkar & Others vs. The State of Jharkhand & Another reported in ::37868 wherein in the facts of that case five (5) members of the Expert Enquiry Commit

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