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2026 Supreme(Jhk) 250

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JHARKHAND AT RANCHI
ANIL KUMAR CHOUDHARY, J.
Amar Nath Ray – Petitioner 
Versus
The State Of Jharkhand – Respondent 
Cr.M.P. No.3678 of 2023
Decided On : 12-02-2026

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner:Mr. Mukesh Kumar, Advocate
For the Respondent:Mr. Manoj Kr. Mishra, Addl. P.P., Mr. Baibhaw Gahlaut, Advocate, Mr. Subhneet Jha, Advocate

Quashing under CrPC Section 482 as no prima facie case for IPC Sections 406, 420, 427, 506/34 even if all allegations true, lacking initial deception, entrustment, property mischief, and intimidation.

Headnote:(A) Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 - Section 482 - Indian Penal Code - Sections 406, 420, 427, 506/34 - Quashing of criminal proceedings - Complaint alleging inducement to spend on litigated land, receipt of money for boundary wall, blackmail using blank cheques, institution of false loan recovery case, forgery and theft of signed blank cheques - No allegation of deception from very inception, hence no offence under Section 420 IPC - No entrustment of property or dishonest misappropriation, hence no offence under Section 406 IPC - No destruction of property by mischief, hence no offence under Section 427 IPC - No criminal intimidation, hence no offence under Section 506 IPC - Even if all allegations in complaint, solemn affirmation and enquiry witnesses true in entirety, no prima facie case made out - Continuation of proceedings amounts to abuse of process of law - Entire proceedings including summoning order quashed. (Paras 3, 4, 6-13)

(B) Cheating - Every breach of contract does not amount to cheating - Deception must be played at very inception of transaction - If intention to cheat develops later, not cheating - 'It is well settled that every breach of contract would not give rise to an offence of cheating and only in those cases breach of contract would amount to cheating where there was any deception played at the very inception. If the intention to cheat has developed later on, the same cannot amount to cheating.' (Para 6)

(C) Criminal Breach of Trust - 'Entrustment' of property pivotal - Accused must be entrusted with property and dishonestly misappropriate contrary to obligation. (Para 8)

Facts of the case:
Petition filed to quash complaint case and summoning order finding prima facie for offences under Sections 406, 420, 427, 506/34 IPC based on allegations of inducing expenditure on litigated land, taking money for boundary wall, blackmail with blank cheques, filing false loan case claiming large loan, forgery and theft of blank cheques. Petitioners claimed it was retaliation to their prior case where charge-sheet filed against complainant and family.

Findings of Court:
None of the invoked offences made out even assuming all allegations true; proceedings quashed qua petitioners.

Issues: Whether materials disclose prima facie commission of offences under Sections 406, 420, 427, 506/34 IPC; whether proceedings constitute abuse of process warranting quashing under Section 482 CrPC.

Ratio Decidendi: Offences under Sections 420 and 406 IPC require specific ingredients of initial deception and entrustment with dishonest misappropriation, absent here; no specific allegations for Sections 427 and 506 IPC - settled principles reaffirmed. Result : Criminal Miscellaneous Petition allowed.

Table of Content
1. petition under crpc 482 seeks to quash proceedings for cheating offences. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. parties dispute sufficiency of allegations for prima facie offences. (Para 4 , 5)
3. section 420 ipc requires deception from transaction inception. (Para 6 , 7)
4. section 406 ipc demands entrustment and dishonest misappropriation. (Para 8 , 9)
5. no allegations support sections 427 or 506 ipc. (Para 10 , 11)
6. proceedings quashed for abuse of process; no offences made out. (Para 12 , 13 , 14)

JUDGMENT :

ANIL KUMAR CHOUDHARY, J.

Heard the parties.

2. This Criminal Miscellaneous Petition has been filed invoking the jurisdiction of this Court under Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 with the prayer to quash the entire criminal proceedings of C.P. Case No.755 of 2021 including the order dated 19.01.2023 passed by the learned Judicial Magistrate-1st Class, Bokaro whereby and where under the learned Judicial Magistrate has found prima facie case for the offences punishable under Sections 406, 420, 427, 506/34 of the Indian Penal Code and passed summoning order.

3. The allegation against the petitioners is that the petitioner made the husband of the complainant to spend Rs.20-25 lakhs for purchasing a land under litigation and also took Rs.15,00,000/- for a boundary wall to be constructed over the said land. Further, the petitioners blackmailed the husband of the complainant by taking advantage of being in possession of the blank cheques signed by the complainant and instituted a false case against the complainant, her husband and the father-in-law of the complainant, by falsely stating that the petitioners gave Rs.1,15,00,000/- as loan to the complainant, her husband and her father-in-law. There is further allegation against the petitioners that the petitioners, by forgery lowered the standard of the family and business of the complainant and committed theft of the blank cheques signed by the complainant, which was kept in the shop and distributed the same to the co-accused persons for institution of different cases against the complainant. On the basis of the complaint, statement of the complainant on solemn affirmation and the statement of the enquiry witnesses, the learned Judicial Magistrate has found prima facie case as already indicated above.

4. Learned counsel for the petitioners submits that the case is next fixed for appearance and charge has not yet been framed. It is next submitted that the petitioner No.2 lodged Bokaro Sector IV P.S. Case No.156 of 2017 against the complainant, her husband and her father-in-

law in which charge-sheet was also submitted and cognizance of the offence punishable under Sections 406, 420 and 34 of the Indian Penal Code has been taken and the petitioner No.1 is the witness in the said case and as a retaliation to set up a defence, this false case has been foisted. It is further submitted that even if the entire allegations made against the petitioners are considered to be true in their entirety still none of the offences in respect of which prima facie case has been found by the learned Magistrate, is made out against the petitioners. Hence, it is submitted that the prayer, as prayed for in the instant Criminal Miscellaneous Petition, be allowed.

5. Learned Addl. P. P. appearing for the State and the learned counsel for the opposite party No.2 on the other hand vehemently oppose the prayer of the petitioners made in the instant Criminal Miscellaneous Petition and submit that the materials in the record are sufficient to constitute each of the offence in respect of which the learned Judicial Magistrate has found prima facie case. Therefore, it is submitted that this Criminal Miscellaneous Petition, being without any merit, be dismissed.

6. Having heard the rival submissions made at the Bar and after carefully going through the materials available in the record, it is pertinent to mention here there is no allegation against the petitioners of playing deception since the beginnin

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