IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
G. JAYACHANDRAN, J.
David - Appellant
Versus
State Rep. by The Inspector of Police, Chennai - Respondent
Criminal Appeal No. 509 of 2014
Decided On : 16-09-2022
Section 376 - Rape - IPC - [Section 376 of IPC] - The court analyzed the evidence and contradictions in the prosecution's case, including discrepancies in witness testimonies and the lack of corroboration from nearby witnesses. The court highlighted the importance of the degree of proof required in grave charges and extended the benefit of doubt to the accused, ultimately setting aside the conviction and sentence.
Fact of the Case:
The appellant was convicted for the offence under Section 376 of IPC for forcibly raping the victim girl. The appeal was filed on the grounds of contradictions and falsehood in the evidence relied upon by the prosecution.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the contradictions among the prosecution witnesses rendered the evidence wholly unreliable, and extended the benefit of doubt to the accused, setting aside the conviction and sentence.
Issues: The issues revolved around the reliability of the prosecution's evidence, including discrepancies in witness testimonies and the lack of corroboration from nearby witnesses.
Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized the degree of proof required in grave charges and highlighted the importance of reliable evidence in cases of this nature.
Final Decision: The Criminal Appeal was allowed, and the conviction and sentence passed in the lower court were set aside. The fine amount paid, if any, was ordered to be refunded to the accused/appellant, and the appellant was to be set at liberty forthwith if custody was not required in any other case.
JUDGMENT
(Prayer: Criminal Appeal is filed under Section 374 of Cr.P.C., to set aside the judgment passed in S.C.No.301 of 2011 dated 05.03.2013 on the file of Mahila Court, Chennai.)
1. This appeal against conviction for offence under Section 376 of I.P.C. The appellant was sentenced to undergo 10 years R.I and fine of Rs.10,000/-, in default, to undergo 6 months S.I.
2. The case of the prosecution is that, on 28.01.2010, at about 10.30 a.m., the appellant herein called P.W.1 to his house and had forcibly intercourse with her. P.W.4, who is the sister of P.W.1 came in search of her sister and enquired the appellant. P.W.4 noticed the appellant found perturbed and disturbed. She saw her sister P.W.1 inside the accused house in disorderliness. P.W.1 informed that, she was raped by the appellant. Immediately, P.W.4 called her mother (P.W.2) and thereafter, along with her cousin (P.W.3) went to the police station and gave complaint (Ex.P.1). The police took up the investigation, arrested the appellant on the same day. The wearing dress of the victim and the accused were collected and same were sent for Forensic lab for test. Both the P.W.1 and the appellant were sent for medical examination.
3. After completion of investigation, final report was filed for offence under Section 376 of I.P.C.
4. The prosecution examined 13 witnesses and marked 17 Exhibits, 2 Material Objects were also marked.
5. Aggrieved by the Judgement of conviction and sentence, the appeal is filed on the ground that the Court below failed to take note of the contradictions and falsehood in the evidence relied by the prosecution. It is submitted by the Learned counsel for the appellant that P.W.1, the victim girl or her sister (P.W.4), who alleged to have seen the accused and her sister together in her house of the accused had not said anything about the forcible confinement of P.W.1 in the house and her hands were tied by the appellant. For the first time, P.W.1, in the cross examination had deposed that, the appellant tied her hands and legs, whereas, in the complaint as well as the chief examination of P.W.1 to P.W.4, there is no whisper about this incident. In the complaint, it is stated that, P.W.4 went to the house of the appellant on hearing the weeping sound, the complaint was given by P.W.2, the mother of the victim. She came to the house after P.W.4 informed about the occurrence. Whereas, P.W.4, in her chief examination had said that when she saw her sister inside the house of the accused, her sister was found disorderliness and she enquired her sister, she informed that the accused raped her.
6. P.W.1 the victim girl, in the chief examination had deposed that when she went to the ration shop, the accused gagged her mouth and took her inside his house and had intercourse with her. The embellishment and improvement in the evidence had come out during the cross examination and the contradictions being very obvious which clearly creates doubt about the veracity of the evidence.
7. According to the Learned Counsel for the appellant, appellant and P.W.1 are major and it was consensual sex voluntarily. They had intercourse only when the appellant mother did not agreed for their marriage, false complaint was given to the respondent police. Further, the Learned Counsel submitted that the discrepancy in the colour of the garments (panties) of P.W.1 not explained by the witnesses for the prosecution. Being very crucial evidence, the discrepancy in the colour of the panties, makes the case of the prosecution unbelievable.
8. The admission by P.W.3 and P.W.4 that P.W.1 earlier got conceived and later got aborted, not taken note by the trial Court to hold that the prosecution failed to prove the charge under Section 376 of I.P.C.
9. Per contra, the Learned Government Advocate (Crl.Side) for the respondent submitted that the victim girl has narrated that she was subjected to intercourse against her wish and by force. When P.W.4, the sister of the victim girl came to the hous
The central legal point established in the judgment is the requirement for reliable and corroborated evidence in grave charges, emphasizing the degree of proof necessary in such cases.
The prosecution failed to prove charges of gang rape beyond a reasonable doubt due to inconsistent testimony and lack of corroborating evidence, emphasizing the necessity for proper identification pr....
The quality of evidence and the requirement of 'sterling' quality in establishing the elements of the offence.
Testimonial inconsistencies and lack of corroboration undermine a conviction for rape, especially when based solely on a victim's testimony.
The sufficiency of solitary evidence in cases of sexual offences and the requirement for consistency and trustworthiness in such testimony.
The prosecution failed to prove the accused's guilt beyond reasonable doubt due to inconsistent testimony and an unexplained delay in filing the complaint, resulting in the reversal of the conviction....
The court affirmed that the victim's testimony, corroborated by medical evidence, is sufficient for conviction in rape cases, even with minor inconsistencies.
Kidnapping and rape – Reliance on emotional state of victim as a proxy for corroboration of allegations would be both legally unsound and procedurally inappropriate.
The central legal point established in the judgment is that consent under fear or misconception is essential to establish the offence of rape, and the court's analysis of the victim's consent and act....
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