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2023 Supreme(Mad) 3152

BEFORE THE MADURAI BENCH OF MADRAS HIGH COURT
R. SURESH KUMAR, K.K. RAMAKRISHNAN, JJ.
Saibunisha (Died) & Ors. - Appellants
Versus
The State, Rep. by The Inspector of Police, CBCID, Kenikarai Police Station & Ors. - Respondents
Crl.A.(MD). Nos. 423 of 2019 & 181 of 2021
Decided On : 23-08-2023

Advocates appeared: For the Appearing Parties :A. Thiruvadikumar, Additional Public Prosecutor, N. Ananthapadmanabhan, Senior Counsel for M/s. APN Law Associates, R. Manickaraj for M/s. Veera Associates, Advocates.

Headnote:(A) Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 - Section 372 - Criminal Appeal against acquittal in triple murder case - The court emphasized the high threshold for overturning acquittals, stressing that suspicion alone cannot warrant conviction (Para 21).

(B) Burden of Proof - The prosecution failed to establish a complete chain of circumstantial evidence for conviction; all material witnesses turned hostile (Paras 10, 11.2, 12.2).

(C) Witness Protection - The court highlighted the issue of witness tampering and the need for video recording of witness statements to ensure justice (Para 41).

Facts of the case:
The defacto complainant alleged that her daughter and her grandchildren were murdered, with involvement of multiple accused forming conspiracy (Paras 3(i) - 3(vi)).

Findings of Court:
The prosecution could not prove the charges beyond reasonable doubt, leading to the acquittal of all accused (Paras 21, 22).

Issues: The key issues addressed included whether the acquittal required interference and the validity of a retrial based on the alleged witness threats (Paras 11.1, 21).

Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that without sufficient and credible evidence, the acquittal must stand; witness testimony credibility was critical, and the trial court's findings were not disturbed as no grave errors were found (Paras 21.1, 22).

Result: Appeals dismissed, judgment of acquittal confirmed.

Table of Content
1. factual background of the case (Para 4)
2. arguments for retrial based on witness intimidation (Para 8 , 9)
3. prosecution's failure to establish circumstantial evidence (Para 13 , 14 , 15)
4. legal standards for retrial and evaluation of evidence (Para 22 , 23)
5. final conclusions and dismissal of appeals (Para 41 , 42)

JUDGMENT

(Prayer: Appeal filed under Section 372 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, against the judgment dated 16.07.2019 passed in S.C.No.137 of 2015 on the file of the learned Sessions Judge, Fast Track Mahila Court, Ramanathapuram.

Appeal filed under Section 372 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, against the judgment dated 16.07.2019 passed in S.C.No.137 of 2015 on the file of the learned Sessions Judge, Fast Track Mahila Court, Ramanathapuram, be set aside and convict the respondents/accused for the charges framed against them.)

Common Judgment:

K.K. Ramakrishnan, J.

1.Since these two appeals are arising out of the same crime number and against the order of acquittal made in S.C.No.137 of 2015 on the file of the learned Sessions Judge, Fast Track Mahila Court, Ramanathapuram, these two appeals are taken up together for hearing and disposed of by way of this common judgment.

2. The accused persons A1 to A13 in S.C.No.137 of 2015 were charged for the offences under Sections 120(b), 364, 364 r/w 34, 302, 201, 404, 201 r/w 109, 201 r/w 34 and 302 r/w 34 IPC. After examination of all witnesses and evidence, the accused were acquitted by the trial Court. Hence, challenging the same, these two appeals were filed by the defacto complainant and the State respectively.

3(i). Brief facts of the prosecution case :

The defacto complainant preferred a complaint alleging that her daughter deceased Aathila Banu, a muslim lady entered into love marriage with one Muthusamy, Hindu belonging to the Scheduled Caste Community as per the Muslim customs and in the wedlock, the deceased children viz., Ajira Banu(5 years) and Mohammed Aslam(7 years)were born to them. The said Muthusamy was a star witness in the murder of one Roseline, who was a relative of A-11's son-in-law. But the said Muthusamy did not support the case and was declared as hostile. In the result, the said case ended in acquittal.

3(ii). After acquittal, the said Muthusamy left India and went to Singapore to carry out his job, where the first accused was also working. In Singapore, due to the above hostility in the murder case, the first accused is said to have assaulted Muthusamy in Singapore and broke his little finger. Enraged by the same, the deceased Aathila Banu uttered harsh words of taking revenge upon the said A1, in front of A8- Jeyakumar, who had acquittance with both the deceased family as well as the accused family. In turn, A8 transmitted the said message to A1 and hence A1 and the family members along with remaining accused conspired together to murder the deceased Aathila Banu. In furtherance of conspiracy, on the date of the occurrence, ie., on 08.11.2010 at 4.00 p.m, A8-Jeyakumar called the deceased through the mobile phone to come and collect the Gas cylinder. The deceased left the residence along with her two children after informing the defacto complainant. She parted with A8 and A8 clandestinely taken the deceased to the custody of A1 and the remaining accused. All the accused jointly abducted the deceased along with her children into an isolated place at Vedhalam, Ramanathapuram District and murdered them in the TATA Sumo car and buried their dead bodies in the grove of A10 and subsequently, exhumed the dead bodies and packed the two children's dead bodies in one parcel wrapping with white cloth and the deceased Aathila Banu's dead body was packed in another parcel wrapping with white cloth and transported the same to two separate isolated places near Vadipatti in the Maduai- Dindigul National Highways within the limit of the Vadipatti Police Station jurisdiction, a far away place from th

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