IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
SATHI KUMAR SUKUMARA KURUP, J.
V. Udayakumar - Appellant
Versus
C. Dhuraisamy - Respondent
Second Appeal No.1007 of 2013 and M.P.No.1 of 2013
Decided on : 03-03-2025
| Table of Content |
|---|
| 1. overview of the second appeal and parties (Para 1 , 2 , 3) |
| 2. background of the disputed sale agreement (Para 4 , 5 , 6) |
| 3. trial court's findings and evidence presented (Para 7 , 8) |
| 4. comparison of trial and appellate court judgments (Para 9 , 14) |
| 5. appellant's arguments regarding the absence of notice (Para 10 , 11 , 12) |
| 6. counterarguments from the plaintiff's counsel (Para 15 , 17) |
| 7. issues of legal standards for evidence in contract performance. (Para 16) |
| 8. assessment of evidence and principles of law (Para 18 , 19) |
| 9. critical evaluation of plaintiff's claims (Para 20 , 21 , 22) |
| 10. expert opinion on signatures and its implications (Para 23 , 28) |
| 11. legal suppression of material facts by the plaintiff (Para 24 , 29 , 30) |
| 12. final ruling and implications for cross-examination of witnesses. (Para 25) |
| 13. burden of proof in specific performance cases (Para 31 , 32 , 33) |
| 14. final considerations on expert evidence and contracts (Para 34 , 35) |
| 15. conclusion of appeal and confirmation of original judgment (Para 36 , 37) |
JUDGMENT :
This Second Appeal has been filed to set aside the Judgment and Decree dated 15.04.2013 made in A.S.No.81 of 2012 on the file of the learned II Additional District Judge, Erode reversing the Judgment and Decree dated 24.02.2012 passed in O.S. No. 215 of 2009 on the file of the learned II Additional Sub Judge, Erode.
2. For the sake of convenience, the parties to this Appeal are referred to as per their status before the trial Court, the learned II Additional Sub Judge, Erode as “Plaintiff” and “Defendants” throughout the discussion hereafterwards.
3. The first Defendant in O.S. No. 215 of 2019 on the file of the learned II Additional Sub Judge, Erode is the Appellant in this Second Appeal. The suit in O.S. No. 215 of 2019 was filed by the first Respondent, as Plaintiff, for the relief of specific performance of the agreement dated 24.10.2007.
4. As per the plaint averments, the first Defendant/Appellant was the owner of the suit scheduled property. On 24.10.2007, an agreement of sale was entered into between the Plaintiff and first Defendant. As per the agreement of sale dated 24.10.2007, the sale consideration was fixed at Rs.4,00,000/- out of which a sum of Rs.3,50,000/- was paid by the Plaintiff as advance. According to the Plaintiff, within 18 months from the date of execution of the agreement of sale, the sale deed has to be executed by the first Defendant by receiving the balance sale consideration. However, the Plaintiff states that time was not the essence of the contract. It is also stated that even though the Plaintiff expressed his readiness and willingness to get the contract concluded by paying the balance sale consideration, for the reasons best known to the first Defendant, procrastinated the execution of the sale deed. During December 2008, when the Plaintiff demanded the first Defendant to execute the sale deed by receiving the balance sale consideration, he was informed that he had already sold the property to the second Defendant. When the first Defendant had entered into an agreement of sale, the first Defendant ought to have executed the sale deed only in favour of the Plaintiff. On the other hand, during the subsistence of the agreement of sale between the Plaintiff and first Defendant, the first Defendant had unceremoniously executed the sale deed in favour of the second Defendant and it will not bind the Plaintiff. Therefore, the suit was filed by the Plaintiff for specific performance with a consequential relief of permanent injunction restraining the Defendants from alienating or encumbering the suit property to third parties.
5. On notice, the first Defendant filed a written statement denying the entire plaint averments. It is the contention of the first Defendant that he had never entered into any sale agreement dated 24.10.2007 or received any sale consideration from the Plaintiff. It is his contention that his signature has been forged and sale agreement fabricated

In a suit for specific performance, the Plaintiff must prove the genuineness of the agreement and his readiness to perform, failing which the suit must be dismissed.
The judgment establishes that specific performance can be granted when the plaintiff proves the execution of the contract and demonstrates readiness and willingness to perform, despite the defendant'....
The court affirmed that specific performance can be granted when the execution of the sale agreement is proven and the plaintiff demonstrates readiness and willingness to perform their contractual ob....
The court affirmed that specific performance is a discretionary remedy, requiring the plaintiff to prove the validity of the contract and readiness to perform.
An agreement of sale signed by vendor alone and delivered to purchaser, and accepted by the purchaser, has always been considered to be a valid contract. In the event of breach by the vendor, it can ....
The plaintiff's failure to prove willingness to perform the contract led to the grant of the alternate relief of refund of the advance money.
Point of law: Unless a statute specifically requires a plea to be in any particular form, it can be in any form. No specific phraseology or language is required to take such a plea. The language in S....
The court ruled that a Sale Agreement was not effectively revoked, and the plaintiff was always ready to perform, necessitating specific performance.
The central legal point established in the judgment is the requirement for a party seeking specific performance to prove the execution of the sale agreement and demonstrate readiness and willingness ....
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