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2025 Supreme(Mad) 4598

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
M. JOTHIRAMAN, J.
S. Premanand and Ors. – Appellants
Versus
V. Muthu (alias) V. Veyilmuthu and Anr. – Respondents
AS. No.239 of 2019
Decided On : 06-06-2025 


Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellants : Mr. M.V. Seshachari.
For the Respondents: Mr. D. Ferdinand.

A prior ruling on permanent injunction does not prevent a subsequent suit for title or possession if the causes of action are distinct and the question of title was not conclusively decided.

Headnote:(A) Code of Civil Procedure - Order 7 Rule 11(a) - Rejection of plaint for failing to disclose a cause of action - The trial Court's finding that the present suit is an abuse of process and second litigation was challenged on the grounds that plaintiffs had valid title to property - The Court found that the cause of action for the present suit was distinct from the earlier suits, thus maintaining right to sue. (Paras 3, 8, 10, 12, 18)

(B) Principles of res judicata - A judgment in a previous suit for permanent injunction does not bar subsequent suits for declaration of title or recovery of possession if title was decided incidentally. (Paras 16, 18, 19)

Facts of the case:
The plaintiffs filed a suit seeking declaration of their title to the property and recovery of possession after the first defendant claimed title and obtained a decree in earlier suits. The trial Court had previously upheld defendant’s possession based on prior rulings.

Findings of Court:
The appeal was allowed as the previous findings were ruled not to bar the current suit. The trial Court erred in declaring the subsequent suit as an abuse of the process of law.

Issues: Whether the plaint discloses a proper cause of action and if the earlier decisions barred the present suit.

Ratio Decidendi: The Court ruled that prior judgments do not bar a new suit when different causes of action are involved, thereby allowing plaintiffs to bring their case for title and possession.

Result: Appeal allowed, judgment of trial Court set aside.

Table of Content
1. plaintiffs claim ownership and possession. (Para 2 , 3)
2. defendants challenge the maintainability of the plaint. - What were the defendants' arguments in the application for rejection of the plaint? (Para 4 , 5 , 6)
3. trial court's observations on previous judgments. - What key observations did the court make regarding the trial court's decision? (Para 8 , 12 , 13)
4. key points for determination stated. - What is the rationale behind the court's decision to allow the appeal? (Para 9)
5. appellants argue against prior rulings. (Para 10 , 11)
6. court's interpretation of order vii rule 11. - What key observations did the court make regarding the trial court's decision? (Para 14 , 15 , 16)
7. analysis of cause of action in the plaint. - What key observations did the court make regarding the trial court's decision? (Para 17)
8. appellants' claims justified; previous decisions not a bar. - What is the rationale behind the court's decision to allow the appeal? (Para 18)
9. first appeal allowed; prior order set aside. - What was the final outcome of the appeal? (Para 19)

JUDGMENT :

(M. JOTHIRAMAN, J.)

The unsuccessful plaintiffs have preferred the first appeal against the order passed in IA.No.108 of 2017 in OS.No.144 of 2016 for rejection of the plaint in OS.No.144 of 2016. The parties herein are referred to according to their litigative status before the trial Court.

2. The plaintiffs - S.Premanand, K.Harimoorthy & V.Suresh Kumar filed the suit in OS.No.144 of 2016 on the file of the III Additional District Judge, Thiruvallur at Poonamallee against the defendants viz., Mr.V.Muthu @ V.Veiyil Muthu and Mrs.Kanthamari. The suit has been filed for declaration of plaintiff's title to the suit property and for recovery of vacant possession of the suit property after ejecting the defendants there from and after removing the superstructure put up by them over the suit property.

3. The brief case of the plaintiffs is as follows :-

The suit property was originally owned and possessed by the plaintiff's vendor / Saravanan. The said Saravanan has appointed one J.Jebasingh as his Power of Attorney agent, as per the power of attorney deed dated 18.09.1996. The plaintiffs are individually purchased the undivided 1/3rd share of the suit property under three separate registered sale deeds dated 11.10.2000.

3(i)The first defendant/V.Muthu @ Veiyil Muthu filed the suit in Os.No.311 of 2006 against the power of attorney agent/J.Jebasingh and 4 others seeking for permanent injunction. The plaintiffs/V.Suresh Kumar and Harimoorthy have filed a suit in OS.No.389 of 2006 against the first defendant/V.Muthu @ Veiyil Muthu and one Devaraj on the file of the Principal District Munsif, Poonamallee. Both the suits were tried together and suit in OS.No.311 of 2006 was decreed in favour of the first defendant/V.Muthu @ Veiyil Muthu and the suit in OS.No.389 of 2006 was dismissed by the Principal District Munsif, Poonamalee on 29.11.2012. The first defendant/V.Muhtu @ Veiyil Muthu, after disposal of the suit had executed a registered deed of settlement dated 28.02.2013 in favour of the 2nd defendant/Kanthamari. The first defendant is claiming title by virtue of the sale deed alleged to have been executed by E.V.Perumalsamy Reddy through power of agent/Devaraj.

3(ii) The first defendant/V.Muthu @ Veiyil Muthu managed to obtain patta, pursuant to the sale deed. The plaintiffs alone were in possession and enjoyment of the suit property, but the Principal District Munsif Court, Poonamalee took a different view and found that the first defendant/V.Muthu is in possession and enjoyment of the property and therefore decreed the suit in his favour. Since, there is a finding by the Principal District Munsif, Poonamallee that the first defendant/Muthu @ Veiyil Muthu is in possession of the suit property and since the first defendant has settled the suit property in favour of the 2nd defendant/Kanthamani, the plaintiffs are constrained to file the suit seeking declara

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