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2026 Supreme(Mad) 1978

N THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
T.VINOD KUMAR, J.
V.N.Munuswamy(died) - Appellant
Smt. M.Jayanthi
Vs.
The State Bank of India - Respondent
W.P.No.21575 of 2021
Decided On : 27-02-2026

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant :Mr.K.M.Ramesh Senior Advocate for Mr.V.Subramani
For the Respondent: Mr.B.Raghavulu Naidu

Eligibility for pension is determined from the date of confirmation in service, excluding probation; unexplained delay in claims bars entitlement according to established legal precedents.

Headnote:(A) Constitution of India - Article 226 - Pension Rules of State Bank of India - Petition to issue a Writ of Certiorarified Mandamus for sanctioning pension - Petitioner joined bank service on 29.06.1981, discharged on 18.10.2003 after disciplinary action - Claim for pension rejected on grounds of not completing 20 years of pensionable service. (Paras 2-60)

(B) Eligibility for Pension - Service counts under Pension Rules only post-confirmation; period of probation cannot be considered pensionable service, and suspension period is only counted if authorized by relevant authority. (Paras 35-41)

(C) Doctrine of Delay and Laches - Supreme Court rulings emphasize that unexplained delay can bar relief regardless of merits; filing petition 18 years post-discharge adversely affects eligibility claims. (Paras 48-59)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner asserted entitlement to pension after 22 years of service, excluding suspension, but was deemed ineligible based on pension rules definition of qualifying service.

Findings of Court:
Petitioner failed to meet 20 years of pensionable service criteria per Pension Rules, and the case was barred by inordinate delay.

Issues: Key issues revolved around the calculation of pensionable service, particularly regarding probation and suspension periods, and the implications of delay in filing the writ.

Ratio Decidendi: The court concluded the probationary period does not count towards pensionable service and emphasized the principle of delay negating the petitioner’s claims to pension rights as laid out in relevant rulings.

Result: Writ petition dismissed.

Table of Content
1. service confirmation and pension entitlement. (Para 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6)
2. petitioner's pension request and representation. (Para 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12)
3. respondents' counterarguments to pension eligibility. (Para 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20)
4. court's analysis on pension eligibility rules. (Para 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26)
5. criteria for pensionable service and membership. (Para 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 39)
6. eligibility conditions and service records. (Para 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 40)
7. delay in raising pension claims. (Para 41 , 42 , 43)
8. legal precedents affecting pension claims. (Para 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48)
9. delay and laches in court claims. (Para 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56)
10. summary of conclusions on pension eligibility. (Para 57 , 58)
11. writ petition dismissal. (Para 59 , 60)

ORDER :

T.VINOD KUMAR, J.

Heard the learned Senior Counsel appearing for the petitioner and the learned counsel appearing for the respondents and perused the records.

2. The case of the petitioner, in brief, is that he had joined the service of the respondent bank on 29.06.1981 and after probation of 6 months period, his service was confirmed with effect from 29.12.1981; that while working in the respondent bank, he was placed under suspension on 18.12.2001 and was finally discharged from the service on 18.10.2003.

3. It is the further case of the petitioner that the respondents had initiated disciplinary action against him and on finding, the charges proved against him, had “discharged him from service with superannuation benefits ie., pension, provident fund and gratuity as would be due otherwise under the Rules or Regulations prevailing at the relevant time and without disqualification from future employment”; and that by the order of disciplinary authority dated 18.10.2003, the period of suspension i.e., from 18.12.2001 to 18.10.2003 ie., 1 year 10 months as suspension only, for all intents and purposes.

4. Petitioner further contended that in all, from the date of joining of service of the respondent bank on 29.06.1981, till the order of disciplinary authority by which he was discharged from service on 18.10.2003, he had put in 22 years 4 months of service and by excluding the period of suspension of 1 year 10 months, he had put the service of more than 20 years and was thus, entitled to be granted pension in terms of State Bank of India Employees Pension Fund Rules (in short “Pension Rules”).

5. It is the further case of the petitioner that though he had challenged the action of the disciplinary authority in discharging him from service, firstly, by filing an Appeal and thereafter approaching this Court by way of Writ Petition, the challenge to the disciplinary order was not successful and the Writ Petition filed by him was dismissed on 12.01.2009.

6. It is the further contention of the petitioner that notwithstanding the order of disciplinary authority having attained the finality, he is entitled for being granted pension as he was admitted to the membership of Pension Fund of the respondents and also having completed the period of pensionable service prescribed under the Pension Rules.

7. Petitioner contended that as the respondents did not grant him pensionary benefits, though he is eligible, he had approached the first respondent and submitted a representation dated 23.10.2020 requesting to consider his claim for pension and as the said representation did not illicit any response from the first respondent, he had followed up by another representation dated 24.08.2021.

8. Petitioner contends that in response to the representation given by him on 24.08.2021, the second respondent herein had issued the impugned reply vide communication dated 07.09.2021 rejecting the claim of the petitioner for being granted pensionary benefit on the ground that he is not eligible for pension as he has not completed 20 years of pensionable service and that the Judgment of the Hon’ble Division Bench of this Court in W.A.No.1483 of

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