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2024 Supreme(Ori) 46

IN THE HIGH COURT OF ORISSA
A.C.Behera, J.
Krushna Chandra Upadhyaya - Appellant
Versus
Bhairab Chandra Upadhyaya (Dead) & Ors. - Respondents
S.A. No.220 of 1996
Decided On : 22-03-2024

Advocates:
Mr. G. Mukherjee, Sr. Advocate., Mr. S. Acharya, Advocate., for Appellant; None, for Respondents

IMPORTANT POINT
The court established that a new title created by the settlement of properties under the O.E.A. Act, 1951 operates to the exclusion of all prior claims, and a stranger purchaser from lawful owners cannot be restrained from entering the property under Section 44 of the T.P. Act, 1882.

Headnote:

INJUNCTION - PERMANENT INJUNCTION - T.P. Act, 1882 - Section 44; O.E.A. Act, 1951 - Sections 6 & 7 - The court discussed the provisions of Section 44 of the Transfer of Property Act, 1882, which allows for a permanent injunction against a person who is not a co-owner of a property. The court also examined Sections 6 and 7 of the O.E.A. Act, 1951, which pertain to the settlement of properties after the abolition of the ex-intermediary system. The interpretation of these sections led the court to conclude that the defendant No.1, being a stranger to the family, had no right to enter the properties that were settled in favor of the defendant Nos.2 & 3, thus influencing the court's decision to grant the injunction.

Fact of the Case:

The plaintiffs filed a suit for permanent injunction against the defendant No.1, claiming that the suit properties were part of their undivided family property. The defendant No.1 contended that he purchased the properties from the lawful owners, defendant Nos.2 & 3, who were the daughters of the common ancestor and had exclusive rights after the properties were settled in their names following the abolition of the ex-intermediary system.

Finding of the Court:

The Trial Court dismissed the plaintiffs' suit, stating that the properties were owned by defendant Nos.2 & 3, and the plaintiffs had no interest in them. The First Appellate Court reversed this decision, granting the injunction. However, upon appeal, the court found that the First Appellate Court erred in its judgment, as the properties were settled in favor of defendant Nos.2 & 3, creating a new title that excluded the plaintiffs.

Issues: 1. Is the suit maintainable? 2. Is there any cause of action to bring the suit? 3. Is the plaintiff entitled to get any injunction order against the defendants? 4. To what reliefs or relief, if any, the parties are entitled to?

Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the settlement of the suit properties under the O.E.A. Act, 1951 created a new title in favor of defendant Nos.2 & 3, which excluded the claims of the plaintiffs. The court emphasized that the defendant No.1, as a lawful purchaser from the owners, had exclusive rights to the properties, and thus the plaintiffs were not entitled to an injunction under Section 44 of the T.P. Act, 1882.

Final Decision: The Second Appeal was allowed, the judgment and decree of the First Appellate Court were set aside, and the judgment and decree of the Trial Court were confirmed.

JUDGMENT

A.C. Behera, J.

This Second Appeal has been preferred against the reversing judgment.

2. The Appellant of this Second Appeal was the defendant No.1 before the Trial Court in the suit vide T.S. No.149 of 1988-I and he was the respondent No.1 before the First Appellate Court in the First Appeal vide T.A. No.31 of 1993.

The respondents of this Second Appeal were the plaintiff Nos.1, 2 & 4 and defendant Nos.2 & 3 before the Trial Court in the suit vide T.S. No.149 of 1988-I and they were the appellant Nos.1, 2, & 3 and respondent Nos.2 & 3 before the First Appellate Court in the First Appeal vide T.A. No.31 of 1993.

3. The suit of the plaintiffs (those are the respondent Nos.1, 2 & 3 in the Second Appeal) against the defendant No.1 (who is the sole appellant in the Second Appeal) was a suit for permanent injunction.

4. The case of the plaintiffs before the Trial Court was that, Govinda Upadhaya was the common ancestor of the plaintiffs and defendant Nos.2 & 3. The said Govinda Upadhaya had three sons, namely, Banamali, Dasarathi and Ganesh. The plaintiffs belong to the branch of Dasarathi.

Dasarathi died leaving behind his son Krutibash. Krutibash died leaving behind his son Jogendra. Jogendra died leaving behind his six children, namely, Haladhar, Bhima, Khetrabasi, Bhairab, Bhramarbar and Golakh. The first and second child of Jogendra, namely, Haladhar and Bhima died without any issue. For which, the branch of Haladhar and Bhima has extinct. The third son of Jogendra, namely, Khetrabasi died leaving behind his wife Padmavati (plaintiff No.3). The fourth and fifth son of Jogendra, namely, Bhairab and Bhramarbara are the plaintiff Nos.1 & 2 respectively. The sixth son of Jogendra i.e. Golakh died leaving behind his son Managobinda i.e. plaintiff No.4. The third son of Govinda i.e. Ganesh died leaving behind his daughter Jema. Jema died leaving behind her daughter Sabitri. Sabitri died leaving behind her two daughters i.e. Indramani and Saraswati (defendant Nos.2 & 3) respectively.

5. In order to have a better appreciation, the aforesaid family pedigree of the plaintiffs and defendant Nos.2 & 3 is depicted hereunder for an instant reference:-

6. The suit land is the 8C9 Schedule land of the plaint i.e. Plot No.2376/2945 Ac.0.16 dec. out of Ac.0.18 dec. under Khata No.89 and Plot No. 2432 Ac.0.02 dec. out of Ac.0.06 dec. under Khata No.768 in Mouza-Panasa under Jajpur police station. In the sabik settlement, the suit properties were recorded jointly in the names of the members of all the three branches of the aforesaid genealogy including Sabitri Dei (mother of defendant Nos.2 & 3). Though the suit properties were recorded jointly, but the members of three branches including Sabitri Dei were possessing the same separately as per their convenience without any metes and bounds partition between them. So, their separate possessions were noted separately in the remarks column of the plots of the sabik R.o.R. according to their possession. In the sabik R.o.R., the status/kisam of the suit properties were as 'AMBA BAGAYAT". In course of time, the mango trees were cut and removed from the suit properties and the suit properties were converted to homestead and bari land. The plaintiff No.1, Bhairab & Sabitri Dei had their residential houses on suit Plot No.2427. The defendant No.1, namely, Krushna Chandra Upadhaya is a stranger to the family of the plaintiffs. Only a Rasta plot has been recorded jointly with the defendant No.19s father, which does not lead to a conclusion that, defendant is a co-sharer of the plaintiffs in respect of the suit plots. As the defendant No.1 is a stranger to the family of the plaintiffs and defendant Nos.2 & 3, for which, he has no right to possess the suit properties jointly with the plaintiffs. Till yet, the defendant No.1 has not been able to enter into the suit properties. His entry into the suit properties shall spoil their family secrecy and prestige. When the defendant No.1 attempted to enter into the su

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