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2026 Supreme(Ori) 388

IN THE HIGH COURT OF ORISSA AT CUTTACK
R.K.PATTANAIK, J.
Charanjeet Singh Bhagal @ Charanjeet Singh - Petitioner
Versus
Rimmi Singh Kaur Bhagal and others - Opposite Parties
CRLREV No.73,78 of 2025
Decided On : 30-03-2026

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Petitioner:Mr. T.K. Mishra, Advocate
For the Respondent:Mr. N.C. Jena, Advocate

Maintenance must be just and reasonable, balancing the financial status of the husband and standard of living accustomed to by the wife, while concurrent factual findings should only be disturbed if perverse.

Headnote:(A) Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 - Sections 397 and 401 - Enhancement of maintenance under Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act - Monthly maintenance increased from Rs.3,000 to Rs.13,000, and compensation from Rs.25,000 to Rs.1,00,000 - Petitioner challenges enhancement citing prior maintenance orders and insufficient evidence of income - Court held that concurrent findings of lower courts should not be disturbed unless perverse. (Paras 4, 14, 18, 22)

(B) Maintenance Determination - The court established that the husband has a moral obligation to maintain his wife, and maintenance should be just and realistic, considering the financial status of the respondent. (Paras 17)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner challenged the judgment enhancing maintenance and compensation payable to his wife, citing prior family court judgments and inadequate grounds for the increase in amounts. (Paras 3, 6)

Findings of Court:
The Court upheld the compensation but reduced the monthly maintenance from Rs.13,000 to Rs.5,000, justifying the need for balance in maintenance orders while acknowledging the wife's ability to earn. (Paras 18, 22)

Issues: The main issues were the justification of maintenance enhancement and the legality of the dismissal of the petitioner's appeal. (Paras 7, 20)

Ratio Decidendi: The court reiterated established principles that concurrent factual findings of lower courts should only be overturned if found to be perverse, emphasizing that just maintenance must be assessed against the financial capacity of the husband. (Paras 14, 18)

Result: The revision in CRLREV No.73 of 2025 is allowed, modifying the judgment, while CRLREV No.78 of 2025 is dismissed.

Table of Content
1. common judgment for clubbed revisions. (Para 1 , 2)
2. petitioner challenges the enhanced maintenance and compensation. (Para 3 , 5 , 6)
3. petitioner claims dismissal for non-prosecution was unjust. (Para 4)
4. arguments over maintenance entitlement and justifications. (Para 7 , 8)
5. contention on appeal dismissal and adequacy of claims. (Para 10 , 11)
6. court analysis of evidence and findings of lower courts. (Para 12 , 13)
7. court observes limits of revisional jurisdiction. (Para 14 , 18)
8. consideration of prior maintenance orders and reasonableness. (Para 15 , 16)
9. balance needed in determining maintenance based on circumstances. (Para 17)
10. court finds no necessity for further inquiries. (Para 19)
11. court's conclusion on revisions and orders. (Para 20 , 21)
12. final outcomes regarding the appeals and costs. (Para 22 , 23)

JUDGMENT :

R.K.PATTANAIK, J.

1. Both the revisions have been clubbed together and are disposed of by the following common judgment.

2. Instant revisions under Section 397 read with Section 401, Cr.P.C. are at the behest of the petitioner challenging the impugned judgment dated 19th October, 2022 passed in connection with Crl. Misc. Case No.339 of 2019 (Trial No.375 of 2022) and the decisions in Criminal Appeal Nos.40 & 42 of 2022 dated 3rd September, 2024 and 13th September, 2024 respectively of the learned First Additional Sessions Judge, Rourkela on the grounds stated.

3. CRLREV No.73 of 2025: The petitioner questioned the correctness of the impugned judgment in Criminal Appeal No.42 of 2022 against the decision in Crl. Misc. Case No.339 of 2019, whereby, monthly maintenance payable to opposite party No.1 has been enhanced to Rs.13,000/- along with Rs.7,000/- towards alternative accommodation besides compensation of Rs.1,00,000/- from Rs.25,000/- on the grounds inter alia that the learned court below ought not to have modified the order of the learned JMFC (Rural), Rourkela in the DV proceeding wherein maintenance of Rs.3,000/- per month with Rs.5,000/- on alternative accommodation and payment of compensation of Rs.20,000/- was directed and therefore, such enhancement is liable to be interfered with and set aside.

4. CRLREV No.78 of 2025: Against the order in Crl. Misc. Case No.339 of 2019, the petitioner challenged it in appeal but it was dismissed by the impugned order dated 3rd September, 2024 for non-prosecution and such dismissal is assailed in the present revision on the ground that no intimation was received regarding the status of the proceeding before the learned JMFC (R), Rourkela from the Counsel engaged by him and as a result, it was followed by the order of dismissal when the cost imposed by order dated 6th August, 2024 was not complied with on the date fixed, i.e. 8th September, 2024 and finally on 6th August, 2024 when further adjournment was sought for on medical ground supported by documents.

5. The order of maintenance and other reliefs granted in favour of opposite party No.1 in Crl. Misc. Case No.339 of 2019 was the subject matter of challenge at the behest of the petitioner in Criminal Appeal No.40 of 2022, whereas, it was sought to be enhanced by opposite party No.1, hence, the other appeal. So, the petitioner questioned the decision of the learned JMFC(R), Rourkela with regard to entitlement of maintenance by opposite party No.1 but the appeal was dismissed for default. On the other hand, Criminal Appeal No.42 of 2022 filed by opposite party No.1 was allowed on contest and to the extent indicted in the judgment dated 13th September, 2024 with a direction to the petitioner to pay the enhanced maintenance and compensation besides to bear the expenses towards her alternative accommodation. Both the decisions of the learned courts below as to the dismissal of Criminal Appeal No.40 of 2022 on account of default and the judgment in Criminal Appeal No.42 of 2022 having been allowed in favour of opposite party No.1, the petitioner has preferred the revisions.

6. Opposite part

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