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2026 Supreme(Ori) 614

IN THE HIGH COURT OF ORISSA AT CUTTACK
A.C. BEHERA, J.
Vikas Kumar Saha and Others – Appellants
Versus
Sunil Kumar Saha and Others – Respondents
R.S.A. No. 360 of 2023
Decided On : 17-03-2026

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellants : D. Mohapatra, M.R. Pradhan
For the Respondents: B. Bhuyan, S. Sahoo

The court emphasized that matters resolved by binding arbitral awards cannot be litigated again in civil suits, reinforcing the principle that prior judgments have finality and prevent further disputes.

Headnote:(A) Order-7, Rule-11 of the C.P.C. - Civil Appeals - The suit filed was for declaration of title and recovery of possession. The defendants based their arguments on a previous award by the Supreme Court appointing a sole Arbitrator, which allocated disputed property. The plaintiff claimed ownership based on prior business history and argued that the property should remain with him. The trial court rejected the plaint as it lacked cause of action, while the appellate court upheld this decision, noting the binding nature of the award. (Paras 8, 12, 28)

(B) Jurisdiction of Courts - A civil court's jurisdiction is limited when a matter has already been decided by a competent authority; suits challenging previous judgments can be dismissed as barred under law. Courts apply their powers under Order-7, Rule-11 to prevent meaningless litigation and ensure judicial efficiency. (Paras 27, 28)

Facts of the case:
This appeal arose from the rejection of a plaint concerning ownership of property previously allocated to the defendants by the Supreme Court, leading to disputes over possession and rights.

Findings of Court:
The court found the plaint to be illusory, stating it had no real cause of action and was being vexatious.

Issues: The primary question was whether the civil court had jurisdiction to entertain the suit concerning title and possession issues already decided by the prior award.

Ratio Decidendi: The court reinforced that the award of the Arbitrator is binding and not subject to re-litigation, as it has reached finality; hence the plaint was rightly rejected.

Result: The 2nd appeal is dismissed on contest, without costs.

Table of Content
1. background of the appeal and parties involved. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. details of the suit and defendant's arguments. (Para 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8)
3. trial court's dismissal of the plaint and its basis. (Para 9 , 10 , 11 , 12)
4. questions of law and appeal grounds. (Para 14 , 15 , 16 , 17)
5. limitations on appeal and merits of the case. (Para 18 , 19)
6. ownership disputes based on the arbitrator's award. (Para 20 , 21 , 22)
7. legal definitions of movable vs immovable property. (Para 23 , 24 , 25)
8. judicial reasoning on plaint rejection under cpc. (Para 26 , 27 , 28)
9. final judgment dismissing the appeal. (Para 29 , 30 , 31)

JUDGMENT :

A.C. BEHERA, J.

1. This 2nd appeal has been preferred against the confirming judgment.

2. The predecessor of the appellants in this 2nd appeal, i.e., Naresh Prasad Saha, was the sole plaintiff before the learned trial court in the suit vide C.S. No.290 of 2005 and after the death of Naresh Prasad Saha his legal heirs preferred the 1st appeal vide RFA No.16 of 2018 being the appellants.

The parents of the respondents in this 2nd appeal were the defendants before the learned trial court in the suit vide C.S. No.290 of 2005 and the respondents before the learned 1st appellate court in the 1st appeal vide RFA No.16 of 2018. When, during the pendency of the 1st appeal, the parents of the respondents expired, then, the respondents in this 2nd appeal were substituted in their places.

3. The properties described in Schedule-A of the plaint, i.e., Plot Not.257(gharabari, dokan ghara) A.0.16 decimals under Khata No.137 in Mouza-Baripada Town, Unit-6, Purunahatsahi in the district of Mayurbhanj are the suit properties.

4. The predecessor of the appellants in this 2nd appeal, i.e., Naresh Prasad Saha filed a suit vide C.S. No.290 of 2005 being the plaintiff against the parents of the respondents in this 2nd appeal in the court of the learned Civil Judge(Sr. Division), Baripada praying for a declaration that, “he is the absolute owner of the suit premises described in Schedule-A of the plaint, to restrain the defendants from entering into the suit properties/premises through municipality, to injuct the defendants permanently from coming into the suit premises/properties described in Schedule-A and to pass a decree for recovery of possession of the suit properties, if he(plaintiff) is found to be dispossessed from the suit properties during the pendency of the suit.”

As per the averments made in the plaint of the plaintiff, Munilal Saha was their common ancestor. The said Munilal Saha died leaving behind his three sons, i.e., Ramdayal Saha, Raghunandan Saha and Jogeswar Saha.

Ramdayal Saha died leaving behind his six sons, i.e., Sibasankar Saha, Mangal Saha, Mohesh Saha, Sahadev Saha, Ranjeet Saha and Susil Saha. The said six sons of Ramdayal Saha were not made parties in the suit.

The 2nd son of Munilal Saha, i.e., Raghunandan Saha died leaving behind his only son Hariprasad Saha.

Hariprasad Saha and his wife Shantilata Saha died on dated 05.12.2009 and 29.11.2009 respectively leaving behind the defendant nos.1(a) and 1(b), 2(a) and 2(b) as their successors.

The 3rd son of Munilal Saha, i.e., Jogeswar Saha died leaving behind his two sons, i.e., Ganesh Prasad Saha and Naresh Prasad Saha.

Naresh Prasad Saha is the plaintiff in the suit vide C.S. No.290 of 2005.

According to the case of the plaintiff Naresh Prasad Saha, there was long standing dispute between three sons of Munilal Saha, i.e., Ramdayal Saha, Raghunandan Saha and Jogeswar Saha and their litigation vide Civil Appeal No.1068 of 1999 reached before the Hon’ble Supreme Court of India. The Hon’ble Supreme Court of India in that Civil Appeal No.1068 of 1999 appointed a sole Arbitrator and the said sole Arbitrator allotted lands and buildings including the business of the parties, i.e., both the movable and immovable properties with assets and liabilities thereof between the three sons of Munilal Saha separately.

In that allotment, the market building insid

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