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2022 Supreme(P&H) 2256

IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH
Aman Chaudhary, J.
Harbhajan Singh – Appellant
Versus
State of Punjab – Respondent
C.R.R. No. 1910 of 2022
Decided On : 16-09-2022

Advocates appeared:
For the Parties : Mr. A.S. Jawandha

Headnote:(A) Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 - Section 311 - Delay in filing revision petition - Condonation of delay of 745 days allowed - The previous petition was dismissed with liberty to file afresh due to delay and unavailability of counsel for reasons beyond control, which affected the right to cross-examine a material witness. (Paras 1, 12, 20)

(B) Fair trial - The denial of cross-examination is a violation of the accused's rights and can result in a failure of justice - Courts have a duty to ensure that a complete opportunity is given for examination and cross-examination. (Paras 12, 19)

(C) Case law support - The judgment cites previous decisions affirming that parties should not suffer for their advocates' omissions when they have done everything within their control. (Paras 16, 17)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner sought recall of an investigating officer for cross-examination after his counsel was unable to attend due to illness. The trial court dismissed the application, asserting a lack of maintainability.

Findings of Court:
The impugned order was set aside, allowing one opportunity for cross-examination of the witness, ensuring fairness in the trial process.

Issues: The main issue was whether the absence of the petitioner's counsel constituted sufficient grounds to permit the recall of a material witness for cross-examination.

Ratio Decidendi: The court determined that denial of cross-examination undermines the fairness of the trial and the integrity of justice, warranting intervention to rectify potential injustices.

Result: The petition was allowed, granting a single opportunity for the petitioner to cross-examine the investigating officer.

Table of Content
1. condonation of delay in filing (Para 1 , 2)
2. counsel's absence prevents cross-examination (Para 3 , 4 , 5)
3. precedent for fault of counsel (Para 6 , 10)
4. importance of cross-examination (Para 11 , 12 , 14 , 19)
5. court's duty and powers under section 311 cr.p.c. (Para 15 , 16 , 17)
6. order granting opportunity to cross-examine (Para 20 , 21)

Judgment

Mr. Aman Chaudhary, J. :-CRM-34832-2022

The present application is for condonation of delay of 745 days in filing the present revision petition, which is supported by the affidavit of the petitioner.

In view of the reasons stated in the application that the earlier revision petition filed by the petitioner i.e. CRR-3649-2018, which was adjourned sine die on 8.1.2019 and later on, vide order dated 6.9.2022, it was dismissed as withdrawn with liberty to file afresh, the present application is allowed and the delay of 745 days in filing the revision petition is hereby condoned.

CRR 1910-2022 (O&M)

1. The challenge in the present petition is to the order dated 1.6.2018 passed by learned Additional Sessions Judge, Ludhiana, whereby the application under Section 311 Cr.P.C. filed by the petitioner for recalling the Investigating Officer, namely, Surjit Singh (since retired) for cross-examination, has been declined.

2. As is apparent from the application seeking condonation of delay as also the grounds of revision, the petitioner had filed CRR 3649-2018 on 1.6.2018, which was adjourned sine die on 8.1.2019 and later on, it was dismissed as withdrawn on 6.9.2022 to file afresh with better particulars.

3. Learned counsel for the petitioner, on query posed by the Court submits that the prosecution evidence is still going on, which is also not disputed by the learned State counsel. Learned counsel has placed on record the application, Annexure P-3, filed under Section 311 Cr.P.C. to submit that the cross-examination of the witness, who was an eye witness of the incident, could not be done by the learned counsel for the petitioner before the trial Court on account of the fact that his counsel was suffering from severe throat infection. The relevant para No.2 of the same reads thus:-

“2. That at the time of examination of witness Surjit Singh (who is the IO of the case) counsel of applicant could not appear because he was suffering with severe throat infection, so under the circumstance, above mentioned, the applicant was not afforded an opportunity to cross examination the above witness. The mentioned witness is material witness, his cross-examination should be accorded by recalling him which is very much necessary, in the interest of law.”

4. Learned counsel further refers to Annexure P2, to submit that the presence of the learned counsel appearing on behalf of the petitioner before the trial Court has not been marked on account of the fact that he being been unwell, as stated in the application, however, the cross-examination had been conducted by Sh. KS Mehta, Advocate for accused Simranjit Singh, whose presence is marked. The relevant portion of the statement reads thus:

“I had not noted down serial number of Hongkong dollars. I had not verified from immigration regarding arrival and departure of the victims and accused to India. I had not verified passports of the accused. It is wrong that police intentionally violated the rights of the accused available to him under the law. It is wrong that false case has been registered against the accused. XXXmn by accused Harbhajan Singh. No further question.”

5. Learned counsel submits that it is on account of the absence of the learned counsel for the petitioner that the cross- examination of the witness could not be conducted. He seeks only one opportunity to cross-examine PW8 Surjit Singh, Retired Inspector, which may even be subject to the costs.

6. Learned counsel relies on Veena vs. State of Punjab, CRMM-28916-2003 , decided on 8.7.2003 to contend that the petitioner should not suffer on account of the fault of the counsel.

7. N

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