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2023 Supreme(P&H) 1546

IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH
Archana Puri, J.
Virender @ Virender Singh – Appellant
Versus
Ranbir Singh & Ors. – Respondents
CR No. 2406 of 2022
Decided On : 13-04-2023

Advocates appeared:
For the Parties : Mr. Sawan Chaudhary, Mr. A.K. Jain

Headnote:(A) Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 - Order 18 Rule 17 - Application for recalling/re-cross-examination of witness - Dismissal of application on grounds of vagueness and failure to disclose relevant facts necessary for just adjudication - Court clarified that recalling a witness is an enabling provision and not a tool for filling lacunae in the case. (Paras 11, 12, 15)

(B) Witness Examination - The necessity of re-cross-examination must be substantiated by specific and relevant facts, which must be disclosed in the application. (Paras 13, 15)

Facts of the case:
Plaintiffs filed for specific performance of an agreement to sell regarding land. The witness had already been cross-examined, but the petitioner sought re-cross-examination citing new facts. Court dismissed the application citing vagueness.

Findings of Court:
The revision petition was dismissed as the application did not meet the requirements for recalling a witness.

Issues: Whether the petitioner provided sufficient grounds for re-cross-examination.

Ratio Decidendi: The court held that an application to recall a witness must assert specific new facts relevant to the case and cannot be used to fill gaps in the defense.

Result: Revision petition dismissed.

Table of Content
1. essential facts of the case laid out. (Para 2 , 3 , 4)
2. petitioner claims necessity of re-cross-examination. (Para 8 , 9)
3. response of respondents against re-cross-examination. (Para 10 , 11)
4. court defines conditions for recalling witnesses. (Para 12 , 13)
5. documents pre-date witness examination; application dismissed. (Para 14 , 15)
6. conclusion of the court; revision petition dismissed. (Para 16)

Judgment

Mrs. Archana Puri, J.

Challenge in the present petition is to the order dated 06.05.2022 passed by learned Civil Judge (Jr. Divn.), whereby, an application for recalling/re-cross-examination of PW-6 Rajiv Kumar, has been dismissed.

2. The essential facts, as culled out from the paper-book are that, initially, respondents-plaintiffs Ranbir Singh and others has filed a suit against Virender-petitioner, for specific performance of an agreement to sell dated 27.05.2016, vis-a-vis, land measuring 24 Kanal, as detailed in the headnote of the plaint, copy whereof is Annexure P-1.

3. At the stage of the evidence, the plaintiffs had examined one Rajiv Kumar as PW-6 and he was also cross-examined by counsel for the defendant-petitioner on 05.10.2019. Thereafter, on 07.02.2020, an application was filed by the petitioner-defendant, thereby, seeking recalling of the said witness Rajiv Kumar for re-cross-examination. Therein, it was stated that Rajiv Kumar could not be properly cross-examined and he is required to be re-cross-examined, as petitioner-defendant has come to know some new, important and relevant facts, which are necessary for the proper and just adjudication of the case. Also, therein, it was stated that recross-examination will not be prejudice to the respondents-plaintiffs, rather, it shall help the Court in arriving the just decision.

4. However, in reply, filed to the said application, respondents plaintiffs had resisted the claim of the petitioner-defendant. Preliminary objection was taken with regard to the application being vague and is intended to harass the plaintiffs by making fishing inquiry and to delay the decision of the case. On merits, it was asserted that the said witness has been thoroughly cross-examined at length. The petitioner-defendant had not disclosed as to what questions remained to be asked. As such, a prayer was made for dismissal of the application.

5. After hearing learned counsel for the parties concerned, vide impugned order dated 06.05.2022, the aforesaid application, as such, was dismissed.

6. Feeling aggrieved by the aforesaid order of dismissal of the application, the petitioner-defendant has filed the present revision.

7. Learned counsel for the parties heard.

8. Learned counsel for the petitioner, at the very outset, has submitted that suit for specific performance of the agreement to sell dated 27.05.2016 was filed by the respondents-plaintiffs. However, during the pendency of the said suit, after examination of PW-6 Rajiv Kumar, who was examined on 05.10.2019, the petitioner-defendant could lay hands on certain relevant information under the RTI and thereupon, he filed the aforesaid application on 07.02.2020, copy whereof is Annexure P-2, for recalling/re-cross-examination.

9. It is submitted that learned Court below had erroneously dismissed the aforesaid application, while observing that the relevant facts, which were necessary for the just decision of the case, for which re-cross-examination is required, have not been disclosed. In the light of the same, now, it is submitted by learned counsel for the petitioner that there is provision for recalling and re-examination of the witness, as per Order 18 Rule 17 CPC and therefore, under the aforesaid provision, the requisite witness could be recalled. Also, it is submitted that the documents, which are essential and which are to be put to the witness, now have already been placed on record, in a sealed cover.

10. On the contrary, learned counsel for the respondents-plaintiffs has resisted the claim of the petitioner-defendan

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