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2023 Supreme(P&H) 1405

IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH
Harkesh Manuja, J.
Anil Kapoor – Appellant
Versus
State of Punjab – Respondent
CRM-M No. 11268 of 2020
Decided On : 11-05-2023

Advocates appeared:
For the Parties : Mr. Veneet Sharma, Mr. Amit Shukla AAG, Punjab

Headnote:(A) Code of Criminal Procedure, 1908 - Section 482 - Insecticides Act, 1968 - Sections 3(k)(i), 17, 18, 29, and 33 - Quashing of complaint for selling misbranded insecticide - Complaint filed on 11.05.2017 was beyond period of limitation as per Section 469 of Cr.P.C. - Petitioner was marketing agent, not involved in manufacturing or quality control - Court held that he cannot be vicariously liable under the Act. (Paras 1, 6, 8, and 10)

(B) Limitation in Criminal Proceedings - The limitation period for filing a complaint commences from the date of the offence, not from the date of the analysis report. (Paras 5, 6, and 8)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner was accused of selling misbranded insecticide identified by a sample taken by the Insecticide Inspector. The complaint was filed after the analysis report indicated that the product did not meet specifications, well beyond the statutory limitation period.

Findings of Court:
The High Court emphasized the role of the petitioner as merely a marketing agent and that there were no allegations against him regarding quality control or manufacturing, thus he could not be held liable under the Act.

Issues: Whether the complaint was filed within the limitation period and whether the petitioner had any culpability for the alleged misbranding of the insecticide.

Ratio Decidendi: The court determined that liability under the Insecticides Act does not extend to parties merely involved in the distribution and marketing of products when there is no direct involvement in production or quality assurance; the filing of the complaint was also barred by limitation.

Result: Petition allowed; complaint and subsequent proceedings quashed.

Table of Content
1. introduction to the case and procedural history. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4)
2. arguments regarding limitation and liability. (Para 5 , 6)
3. court's analysis and reasoning on misbranding. (Para 7 , 9)
4. ratio decidendi regarding accountability under the act. (Para 8)
5. final conclusion and order of quashing the complaint. (Para 10 , 11)

Judgment

Mr. Harkesh Manuja, J.

By way of present petition filed under Section 482 of Code of Criminal Procedure, 1908, petitioner has sought quashing of complaint No.COMA/267/2017, instituted on 11.05.2017, filed under Sections 3 K (I) 17, 18, 29, 33 of the Insecticide Act, 1968 (hereinafter referred as 1968 Act), punishable under Section 29 (1) (9) of The INSECTICIDES ACT , 1968 (for short ‘the Act’) and The INSECTICIDES RULES 1971 as well as summoning order dated 09.06.2017 passed by learned Chief Judicial Magistrate, Jalandhar besides, all subsequent proceedings arising therefrom.

2. Brief facts of the case as noted in the complaint are that Gurcharan Singh- complainant/Insecticide Inspector, Bhogpur (now posted as Agri. Dev. Officer Enf. Jalandar), in exercise of powers conferred upon the him vide government notification No. S 090/ C.A./46/68-S-20/91 dated 30.10.1991, while performing official duty, inspected the shop of M/s G.S. Fertilizer Mill Road, Bhogpur, Distt. Jalandhar along with Sh. Viney Kumar A.O. Bhogpur on 06.07.2013. Complainant disclosed his identity as Insecticide Inspector Bhogpur and intended to take sample from the shop of Kulwant Singh, Proprietor of the accused firm G S Fertilizer, Mill Road Bhogpur, Distt. Jalandhar, who was present at the time of inspection. Thereafter, complainant gave intimation in form XX (Annexure C-2) for the purpose of sampling. Complainant inspected the stock register & put his initial on it and verified the stock of the accused firm in respect of Butachlor 50% EW which was manufactured by Sumil Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. Samba (J&K). According to stock register there were 40 packings of 5 litres each. For the purpose of sampling in exercising power conferred upon him under Section 21(1) (e) in the 1968 Act and duties vide Rules 27(3) of the Insecticide Rules 1971, complainant selected one packing of (5 litre) Butachlor 50% EW bearing Batch no.SC. 0121 manufacturing date 29.03.2013 & expiry date 28.03.2015. Complainant opened the packing of above said insecticide and took about 600 ml of Butachlor 50% EW for the purpose of sampling; poured in 3 containers of 200 ml each and closed it tightly. Out of three portions of sample, one was given to Kulwant Singh for testing the same in Insecticide Laboratory, Bathinda; whereas other two portion of samples of above said insecticide were kept by complainant.

3. The Senior Analyst, Insecticide Testing Laboratory, Bathinda after analysing the sample, gave its report dated 18.07.2013 which was received in the office of Chief Agri. Officer Jalandhar with the remarks that the “same did not confirm the I.S.I. specifications in respect of ingredients 50% EW found 47.87 % EW”, thus the sample was misbranded, regarding which a complaint was filed on 11.05.2017 and Learned CJM, Jalandhar passed the summoning order on 09.06.2017.

4. Through the present petition, petitioner has sought quashing of complaint No. COMA/267/2017 dated 11.05.2017, summoning order dated 09.06.2017 passed by Chief Judicial Magistrate, Jalandhar and all subsequent proceedings arising therefrom.

5. Learned counsel for the petitioner contends that as per the complaint, the only allegation against him is that he was involved in the sale of misbranded insecticide and the said insecticide was manufactured by Sumil chemicals limited and marketed by M/s Chambal Fertilisers and Chemicals Limited, Kota, Rajasthan. He further contents that, as per Section 469 Cr.P.C., the limitation in relation to an offence shall commence on the date of the offence, hence, the respondent having inspected the premises of M/s G.S. Fertilizers, Mill Road, Bhogpur, D

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