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2023 Supreme(P&H) 2206

IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH
SURESHWAR THAKUR, KULDEEP TIWARI, JJ.
Ajit Pal Singh – Petitioner
Versus
Director, Rural Development and Panchayats, Punjab & Ors. – Respondents
CWP-7979 of 2019
Decided On : 26-05-2023

Advocates Appeared:
Mr. G.N.Malik, Advocate; For the Petitioner (in CWP-2240-2021) and for Respondent No. 4 (in CWP-7979-2019)
For the Respondent: Mr. Maninder Singh, DAG, Punjab
Mr. C.L.Premy, Advocate with Ms. Raman Rekhi, Advocate for Respondent No. 3 (in CWP-7979-2019)
Mr. Amit Kumar Walia, Advocate for Respondent No. 4 (in CWP-2240-2021

Headnote:(A) Punjab Village Common Lands (Regulation) Act, 1961 - Sections 7 and 11 - Waqf Act of 1954 - Jurisdiction - Notification declaring land as Waqf property - Concurrent orders of eviction against petitioners challenged - Court concluded that the classification of land as 'Gair Mumkin Kabaristan' holds precedence over the entry of 'Shamilat Deh' in ownership records. Both the Punjab Waqf Tribunal has the exclusive jurisdiction over disputes involving Waqf properties, thus negating the orders of statutory authorities under the Punjab Act. (Paras 26-29)

Facts of the case:
The petitions involve eviction of the Punjab Waqf Board and an individual from land declared as Waqf property but also noted as ‘Gair Mumkin Kabaristan’ in revenue records, disputed by the Gram Panchayat, which claimed ownership.

Findings of Court:
The Court ruled that the entry classifying the land as 'Gair Mumkin Kabaristan' is conclusive and supersedes other claims, confirming the Waqf Tribunal's exclusive jurisdiction in these matters.

Issues: The main issues were whether the Gram Panchayat could lease the petition lands and the jurisdictional authority between the Waqf Tribunal and statutory authorities under the Punjab legislation.

Ratio Decidendi: The Court held that revenue entries classifying land as ‘Gair Mumkin Kabaristan’ cannot be undermined by prolonged non-user and that such entries confer exclusive jurisdiction to the Waqf Tribunal over claims involving Waqf properties.

Result: The petitions were allowed, and the impugned orders were quashed, endorsing the Punjab Waqf Tribunal's authority.

Judgement Key Points

Key Points: - The entry classifying land as Gair Mumkin Kabaristan is conclusive and supersedes other claims such as Shamilat Deh (!) (!) . - This classification confers exclusive jurisdiction on the Waqf Tribunal, ousting statutory authorities under the Punjab Act (!) (!) . - The certification of land as Gair Mumkin Kabaristan preserves the land’s status as a public graveyard irrespective of non-use (!) (!) . - Notifications issued under Section 5 of the Waqf Act, 1954 remain valid despite lack of notice to the Gram Panchayat (!) . - The Punjab Village Common Lands (Regulation) Act, 1961 operates as a measure of agrarian reform and prevails over the Waqf Act regarding land characterization (!) (!) . - The doctrine of res judicata applies only to competing jurisdictions under different laws, not to the core issue of Gair Mumkin Kabaristan (!) (!) . - The Punjab Waqf Board must prioritize reservation of graveyards and may not commercialize Gair Mumkin Kabaristan lands (!) (!) . - Leases of graveyard land are restricted and must align with the policy of preserving burial sites (!) (!) . - The judgment applies to all pending applications and quashes orders made by statutory authorities under the Punjab Act (!) (!) .

What is the effect of a revenue entry classifying land as Gair Mumkin Kabaristan in a dispute over Waqf property?

What are the rights of a Gram Panchayat to lease land described as Gair Mumkin Kabaristan?

What is the jurisdictional competence to decide disputes involving Waqf property under the Punjab Village Common Lands (Regulation) Act, 1961 and the Waqf Act, 1954?


JUDGMENT

Mr. Sureshwar Thakur, J.

The Punjab Waqf Board, and one Ajit Pal Singh, are aggrieved from the orders made against them, respectively by the statutory authorities concerned. The above orders were made, upon a motion made by the Gram Panchayat concerned, under Section 11 and under Section 7 of the Punjab Village Common Lands (Regulation) Act, 1961 (for short 'the PVCL Act').

2. The petitioners herein i.e. Punjab Waqf Board and one Ajit Pal Singh are aggrieved from the above concurrently made orders of eviction, whereby the Gram Panchayat concerned, was held as the owner of the disputed lands, and, are led to respectively constitute there against Civil Writ Petition No. 2240 of 2021 and Civil Writ Petition No. 7979 of 2019, before this Court.

3. Though, the properties encapsulated in the writ petitions (supra), are located in different mohals, but since the revenue entries in relation to both the writ petitions, are almost common. Moreover, when the hereinafter formulated common questions of law, arise for determination in the writ petitions (supra). Therefore, both the writ petitions are capable of being decided, rather through a common verdict.

Facts of CWP No. 2240 of 2021

4. Gram Panchayat, Village Kasba Bharal, Tehsil Malerkotla, District Sangrur through its Sarpanch, instituted a suit under Section 11 of 'the PVCL Act' for declaration to the effect that it was the owner of property measuring 188 kanal 1 marla bearing Killa No. 3215/1(8-0), 3216 (8-0), 759 (8-0), 760 (8-0), 761 (8-0), 762 (8-0), 763 (8-0), 764 (7-0), 765 (7-0), 766 (8-0), 767 (8-0), 768 (8-0), 769 (8-0), 770 (8-0), 771 (7-0), 772 (7-0), 773 (8-0), 774 (8-0), 775 (8-0), 775 (10-0), 776 (8-0), 777 (8-0), 778 (9-0), 779 (7-0), 780 (7-0). In the revenue records, the petition land is described as Maqbooza Ahle Islam. The suit of the plaintiff-Gram Panchayat, was decreed by the learned Collector, Patiala on 04.01.2016 (Annexure P-16), and, the Gram Panchayat concerned, was declared to be owner of the suit land.

5. The above decision (Annexure P-16), resulted in the aggrieved respondents therein i.e. the private respondents and the Punjab Waqf Board concerned, thus instituting there against separate appeals before the competent Appellate Authority concerned. However, the competent Appellate Authority concerned, respectively through separate decisions made on 30.05.2018 (Annexure P-19) and on 04.11.2020 (Annexure P-21) on the respective appeals, declined the espoused relief to the aggrieved-appellants therein. Thus, affirmed the verdict, as became previously drawn by the learned Collector concerned (Annexure P-16).

Facts of CWP No. 7979-2019

6. Gram Panchayat of village Pawar, through its Sarpanch Smt. Asha Rani instituted a petition under Section 7 of 'the PVCL Act' for seeking the ejectment of one Ajit Pal Singh, petitioner herein, claiming himself as lessee over the disputed land, on a lease/patanama executed by the Punjab Wakf Board, over the land measuring 17 kanal 14 marla, Hadbast No. 266, khewat No.83/90, Khatoni No. 106, Khasra No. 24 (17-14) situated in village Pawar, Block and Tehsil Mukerian, District Hoshiarpur. In the revenue records, the petition land is described as Maqbooza Ahle Islam. The said petition was dismissed by the learned Collector concerned, through an order drawn on 15.01.2015 (Annexure P-15). Aggrieved against the order (supra), the aggrieved concerned, preferred an appeal before the learned Appellate Authority concerned. The learned Appellate Authority concerned through an order drawn on 18.01.2019 (Annexure P-17), dismissed the appeal (supra), as preferred before it, and, the order passed by the learned Collector concerned, was upheld. Therefore, the instant petition (CWP-7979-2019) has been preferred, by the petitioner, before this Court seeking quashing of the concurrent orders of eviction (supra), as passed by the statutory authorities below.

7. Since, as above stated, both the petitions involve, common questions of law,

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