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2023 Supreme(P&H) 3373

IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH
RITU BAHRI, MANISHA BATRA, JJ.
M/s. Shree Balaji Industries – Petitioner
Versus
Additional/Joint Commissioner of Customs – Respondent
CWP NO.4108 of 2023
Decided On : 06-06-2023

Advocates Appeared:
Mr. Saurabh Kapoor, Advocate with Mr. Abhishek Chaudhary, Advocate and Mr. Gaurav Goyal, Advocate; For the Petitioner
Mr. Sunish Bindlish, Senior Standing Counsel with Mr. Prashant Rana, Advocate and Mr. Gagandeep Singh Malhotra, Advocate; For the Respondent

Headnote:(A) Customs Act, 1962 - Section 110A - Import of goods - Provisional release - The petitioner sought the provisional release of imported Watermelon Seeds, which were classified as restricted and previously declared as prohibited. The court discussed notifications dated 26.04.2021 and 21.06.2022 regarding import classification and permits, noting a fundamental distinction between restricted and prohibited goods. The court found the earlier decision incorrect, emphasizing that a valid permit for restricted goods is required, not a prohibition. The order dated 23.02.2023 was set aside and directions were given for provisional release of Watermelon Seeds under similar terms as Red Kidney Beans. (Paras 4, 18, 23, 24)

(B) Appeal - Writ jurisdiction - The court can set aside administrative decisions if found incorrect in accordance with statutory provisions and principles of natural justice. (Paras 20, 21)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner imported seeds but faced detention from customs, which classified them as prohibited without proper permits. The petitioner argued based on earlier notifications allowing the import of Watermelon Seeds until a specified date.

Findings of Court:
The court directed that provisional release orders for Watermelon Seeds should be issued as per conditions of previously approved goods.

Issues: The main issues included whether Watermelon Seeds were prohibited or merely restricted goods and the implications of earlier notifications concerning their import.

Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that the earlier classification of Watermelon Seeds as prohibited was incorrect; they fall under the restricted category requiring a permit, which if provided allows for conditional release of goods.

Result: Writ petition allowed, directive for provisional release issued.

Judgement Key Points

Certainly. Based on the provided legal document, the key points are as follows:

  1. The case concerns the importation of Watermelon Seeds and Watermelon Seeds misdeclared as "Roasted Seeds Kernels" which are classified as restricted and prohibited goods respectively under customs and import regulations (!) (!) .

  2. The petitioner sought provisional release of the imported goods, especially Watermelon Seeds, which was initially rejected by the customs authority due to lack of valid permits and classification as prohibited goods (!) (!) (!) .

  3. Notifications issued by authorities amended the import policy for Melon Seeds, changing their classification from "Free" to "Restricted," with specific conditions for import, including filing Bill of Entry within certain deadlines and obtaining permits (!) (!) (!) .

  4. The import of Watermelon Seeds made after the specified deadline (31.10.2022) is considered to fall under the "Restricted" category, requiring a valid permit for importation, which the petitioner did not possess (!) (!) .

  5. The report from the Plant and Quarantine Department has been favorable to the petitioner regarding the nature of Watermelon Seeds, indicating they are unroasted and potentially fit for human consumption, which is a significant factor in considering provisional release (!) (!) .

  6. The order rejecting provisional release of Watermelon Seeds as "prohibited" is contested, with the argument that they are actually "restricted" goods and that provisional release should be granted under similar conditions as those applied to Red Kidney Beans, including the requirement of a permit and security measures (!) (!) .

  7. The court emphasizes the distinction between "prohibited" and "restricted" goods, noting that restricted goods can be released provisionally upon payment of market value and compliance with conditions, even if import authorization is pending (!) (!) .

  8. The court notes that the relevant notifications and amendments clarify that the import of Watermelon Seeds after the deadline (30.09.2022) without a valid permit constitutes non-compliance, but the goods are not inherently prohibited (!) (!) .

  9. The court also considers the legal principle that goods classified as restricted can be redeemed and released upon payment and compliance, and that the absence of a permit does not automatically lead to confiscation if the goods are not prohibited (!) .

  10. The final direction is to set aside the order rejecting provisional release and to direct the respondent to pass a provisional release order for Watermelon Seeds under the same conditions as those granted for Red Kidney Beans, within one week (!) .

These points summarize the legal reasoning, relevant notifications, and the court's directions based on the facts and legal principles discussed in the document.


JUDGMENT

Ritu Bahri, J.

The petitioner is seeking quashing of the order dated 23.02.2023 (Annexure P-1) issued by the respondent rejecting the request of the petitioner for grant of provisional release of the goods imported vide Bill of Entry No. 3440622 dated 24.11.2022 (Annexure P-4).

2. The facts of the case are that in October, 2022, the petitioner had placed an order for import of Roasted Seeds to its Exporter M/s. Sea Hawk Trading FZE LLC, UAE. The foreign supplier issued invoice alongwith other documents including test reports as well as fumigation certificate and country of origin evidencing classification as well as valuation of goods. The petitioner filed Bill of Entry No. 3440622 dated 24.11.2022. On 13.12.2022, the respondent examined the goods at the port of ICD CONCOR, Ludhiana and ordered for detention of goods on the ground that the same are not roasted and fall under CTH 12077090 which classifies seeds used for sowing.

3. Since the goods of the petitioner were not being released, the petitioner filed CWP-1345-2023 challenging the action of the respondent. The respondent made a statement that final decision on the application for release of goods will be taken in due course.

4. On 13.02.2023, personal hearing was granted to the petitioner. The representative of the petitioner requested for drawl of samples by the authorized officer of FSSAI as well as NOC from Plant and Quarantine Department and also requested for provisional release of the goods. The claim of the petitioner was rejected vide order dated 23.02.2023 (Annexure P-1) qua 550 bags containing "Water Melon Seeds" on the ground that they were misdeclared by the petitioner as "Roasted Seeds Kernels" being prohibited goods. The relevant portion of the order dated 23.02.2023 (Annexure P-1) is reproduced as under:-

    "19. Thus, having regard to the facts and circumstances of the case, I, in respect of Bill of Entry No. 3440622 dated 24.11.2022, order on the following conditions under section 110A of the Customs Act, 1962:-

    i. I order for the provisional release of 149 bags containing "Red Kidney Beans". The importer shall furnish a bond equal to declared value of goods Red Kidney Beans i.e. Rs.7,38,444/- (Rupees Seven Lakh Thirty Eight Thousand Four Hundred Forty Four only) to bind himself to pay in case of duty demand, fine, penalty or interest as may be leviable on such goods, subsequently in adjudication in the light of Para 2.1 of Board's circular No. 35/2017-Cus dated 16.08.2017 subject to production of fulfillment of compliance (NOC) of FSSAI and Plant & Quarantine Department by the importer.

    ii. The importer shall furnish a Bank Guarantee/Security (containing clause binding the issuing bank to keep it renewed and valid till final adjudication of the case, or in the event of non-renewal of bank guarantee, the guaranteed amount be credited to Govt. Account by the bank on its own) for Rs.1,50,000/- (Rs. One Lakh Fifty Thousand only) as security covering payment of any possible future liabilities of penalties/fines against the goods in the light of Para 2.2 of Board's circular No. 35/2017-Cus dated 16.08.2017.

    iii. I reject the request of the importer for the provisional release of remaining 550 bags containing "Watermelon Seeds" mis-declared by them as "Roasted Seeds Kernels" being prohibited goods as discussed above."

5. The petitioner is now aggrieved of the rejection with respect to 550 bags containing Water Melon Seeds which have been treated as prohibited goods vide order dated 23.03.2023 (Annexure P-1).

6. On 28.02.2023, when this case was taken up, direction was given to the petitioner to approach the respondent and to produce the receipts of purchase from the foreign country as well as NOC, if required, from the Foods Safety and Standards Authority of India and Plant and Quarantine Department. The respondent was also to assist as to how melon seeds can be released as was done in the case of M/s. Nakshatra Overseas, Ahata Banwarilal, Turab Nagar, Ghazia

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