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2024 Supreme(P&H) 1155

IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH
SURESHWAR THAKUR, J.
Amandeep Singh & Anr. – Appellants
Versus
State of Punjab – Respondent
CRA-S NO. 3717 of 2019 (O&M)
Decided On : 07-08-2024

Advocates Appeared:
Mr. Anmol Rattan Sidhu, Sr. Advocate with Mr. Suvir Sidhu, Advocate, Mr. Gagandeep Singh Saini, Advocate, Mr. H.S. Rajput, Advocate and Mr. G.S. Dhillon, Advocate; For the Appellant
For the Respondent: Mr. Maninder Singh, Sr. DAG, Punjab.

The prosecution must establish an unbroken chain of evidence in drug-related cases; failure to do so results in reasonable doubt and acquittal.

Headnote:(A) Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 - Section 18 - Conviction for cultivating opium poppy plants - The trial court convicted the accused based on evidence of recovery, but the appellate court found that the prosecution failed to establish a cogent link between the evidence and the charge. (Paras 10-16)

(B) Evidence - The requirement of maintaining an unbroken chain of custody for evidence is crucial for establishing the prosecution's case. (Paras 14-16)

Facts of the case:
The accused were apprehended for cultivating opium poppy plants without a permit, leading to their conviction.

Findings of Court:
The appellate court found merit in the appeal, concluding that the prosecution did not establish the charge against the accused.

Issues: The main issue was whether the prosecution could establish a cogent link between the evidence and the charge.

Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that the failure to maintain an unbroken chain of custody for the evidence led to reasonable doubt regarding the prosecution's case.

Result: The appeal is allowed, and the conviction is quashed.

JUDGMENT

Sureshwar Thakur, J.

The instant appeal is directed against the impugned verdict, as made on 18.11.2019, upon CIS No.NDPS 817/2016, by the learned Judge Special Court, Jalandhar, wherethrough in respect of a charge drawn against the accused qua an offence punishable under Section 18 of the NDPS Act, the learned trial Judge concerned, proceeded to record a finding of conviction against the accused-appellants. Moreover, through a separate sentencing order, drawn on 22.11.2019, the learned trial Judge concerned, imposed upon, the convicts both sentence(s) of imprisonment as well as sentence(s) of fine, but in the hereinafter extracted manner:

Sr. No.

Name

Offence

Sentence

1.

Amandeep Singh

18 (c) NDPS Act

To undergo rigorous imprisonment for a period of 10 years and to pay a fine of Rs.one lac and in default of payment of fine to further undergo Simple imprisonment for 6 months.

2.

Inderjit Singh

18 (c) NDPS Act

To undergo rigorous imprisonment for a period of 10 years and to pay a fine of Rs.one lac and in default of payment of fine to further undergo Simple imprisonment for 6 months.

2. The period of detention undergone by the convicts, during the investigations, and, trial of the case, was, in terms of Section 428 of the Cr.P.C., rather ordered to be set off, from the above imposed sentence(s) of imprisonment.

3. The accused-convicts become aggrieved from the above drawn verdict of conviction, besides also, becomes aggrieved from the consequent therewith sentences of imprisonment, and, of fine as became imposed, upon them, by the learned convicting Court concerned, and, hence have chosen to institute there against the instant criminal appeal, before this Court.

Factual Background and Investigation proceedings

4. The genesis of the prosecution case, becomes embodied in the appeal FIR, to which Ex. PW-5 is assigned. The narrations carried in Ex.P-5, are that the police party headed by ASI Amarjit Singh had apprehended the aforesaid accused Amandeep Singh and Inderjit Singh, when they were found cultivating opium poppy plants weighing 182 Kilograms, without any permit or licence on dated 05.04.2016, in the area of village Dalla, Jalandhar falling within the jurisdictional limit of Police Station Bhogpur, District Jalandhar. Thereafter, after completion of investigation and after presentation of challan, both the present accused Amandeep Singh and Inderjit Singh were put to trial for the aforesaid offence under Sections 16 / 17 of the Act, in the present case before the learned Committal Court concerned.

Trial Proceedings

5. The learned trial Judge concerned, made an objective analysis of the incriminatory material, adduced before him. Resultantly, he proceeded to draw charge against the accused, for an offence punishable under Section 18 of the NDPS Act. The afore drawn charge was put to the accused, to which he pleaded not guilty, and, claimed trial.

6. In proof of its case, the prosecution examined nine witnesses, and, thereafter the learned Public Prosecutor concerned, closed the prosecution evidence. After the closure of prosecution evidence, the learned trial Judge concerned, drew proceedings, under Section 313 of the Cr.P.C., but thereins, the accused pleaded innocence, and, claimed false implication. The accused also chose to adduce defence evidence, and three witnesses were led into the witness box.

7. As above stated, the learned trial Judge concerned, proceeded to convict the accused for the charge (supra), as became drawn against them, and, also as above stated, proceeded to, in the hereinabove manner, impose the sentence(s) of imprisonment, as well as of fine, upon the convicts.

Submissions of the learned counsel for the appellants

8. The learned Senior counsel for the aggrieved convicts-appellants has argued before this Court, that the impugned verdict of conviction, and, consequent therewith order of sentence, require an interference. He supports the above submission

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