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2025 Supreme(P&H) 131

IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB AND HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH
SURESHWAR THAKUR, VIKAS SURI, JJ.
Mahesh Kumar – Appellant
Versus
Sub Divisional Officer & Anr. – Respondents
RSA No. 4181 of 2016
Decided On : 14-05-2025

Advocates appeared:
For the appellant :Mr. B.R. Mahajan, Sr. Advocate with Mr. Anil Chawla, Advocate, Mr. Arvind Seth, Advocate, Mr. S.K. Mahajan, Advocate, Mr. Madhur Singh, Advocate Mr. R.S.Longia, Advocate , Mr. Prateek Mahajan, Advocate Ms. Baani Mahajan, Advocate and Ms. Nitika Goel, Advocate Mr. B.R. Mahajan, Sr. Advocate, assisted by Ms. Nitika Goel, Advocate, Mr. R.S. Longia, and Mr. Madhur Singh, Advocate Mr. Shvetanshu Goel, Advocate for Mr. Shrey Goel, Advocate Mr. Gagneshwar Walia, Advocate Mr. V.K. Kaushal, Advocate Mr. Gaurav Chopra, Sr. Advocate with Mr. Eashan Bhardwaj, Advocate Mr. Arvind Seth, Advocate Mr. Madhur Singh, Advocate Mr. Ashish Rana, Advocate and Mr. S.K.Rana, Advocate Mr. Munish Gupta, Advocate and Mr. Paras Kukkar, Advocate Mr. Digvijay Singh Nehra, Advocate Ms. Bhupinder Kaur, Advocate Ms. Sarita, Advocate for Mr. Abhilaksh Grover, Advocate Ms. Geeta Rani, Advocate Mr. Kunal Soni, Advocate for Mr. Prateek Mahajan, Advocate Mr. Kunal Soni, Advocate for Ms. Baani Chhibber Mahajan, Advocate Mr. Vaibhav Sehgal, Advocate and Ms. Vardhani Gupta, Advocate Mr. M.T. Tagore, Advocate Ms. Anuradha Mrs. Vashundhra Asija Bhandari, Mr. Nikhil Chopra, Advocate and Mr. Shubham, Advocate Mr. Kartar Singh Malik, Advocate Mr. Baldev Raj Mahajan, Sr. Advocate assisted by Ms. Nikita Goel, Advocate Mr. Manu K. Bhandari, Advocate and Mr. Arjun Sawhni, Advocate Ms. Anuradha, Advocate Dr. Neha Awasthi, Advocate Ms. Prena Malhotra, Advocate Mr. Kunal Soni, Advocate for Mr. Prateek Mahajan, Advocate Mr. Veneet Sharma, Advocate and Mr. Mayank M. Mahla, Advocate Mr. Ajayvir Singh, Advocate
For the State of Haryana.:Mr. Pravindra Singh Chauhan, A.G. Haryana with Mr. Ankur Mittal, Addl. A.G., Haryana, Ms. Svaneel Jaswal, Addl. A.G., Haryana, Mr. Pardeep Prakash Chahar, Sr. DAG, Haryana and Mrs. Vashundhra Asija Bhandari, Advocate
For the respondent:Mr. Satya Veer Singh, Advocate for Mr. Abhyndaya Paliwal, Advocate Mr. Rohit Rana, Advocate Mr. Kamlesh, Advocate Mr. Neeraj Goel, Advocate Mr. Rajesh Jangra, Advocate Ms. Parveen Sharma, Advocate Mr. Vikas Prakash, Advocate and Mr. G.S.Virk, Advocate Mr. Abhishek Jindal, Advocate Mr. M.S.Virk, Advocate Mr. Komal Rana, Advocate for Mr. Abhimanyu Singh, Advocate Mr. Pawan Kumar, Advocate for Mr. Saurabh Arora, Advocate Mr. Tushar Kush, Advocate for Mr. Akshay Kumar Jindal, Advocate Mr. M.S. Virk, Advocate for Dr. Puneet Kaur Sekhon, Advocate Ms. Amandeep Kaur, Advocate for Ms. Sonia G. Singh, Advocate Mr. Nitin Jain, Advocate for Ms. Vanshika Sharma, Advocate Mr. Brijender Kaushik, Advocate Mr. Namit Khurana, Advocate Mr. Saajan Singla, Advocate Mr. Vishal Chaudhri, Advocate Ms. Swati Dayalam, Advocate Mr. Sachin Sharma, Advocate for Mr. Aman Bahri, Advocate Mr. Munish Mittal, Advocate

Civil Court jurisdiction is barred under Section 145 of the Electricity Act only for matters arising from Section 126; consumers can invoke Civil Court for disputes involving Section 135 liabilities.

Headnote:(A) Electricity Act, 2003 - Sections 126, 135, 145, 151, 153, and 154 - Jurisdiction of Civil Courts and Special Courts - The court addressed whether the jurisdiction of Civil Courts is barred under Section 145 concerning matters in Sections 126, 135 to 140, and 150 of the Act - The court established that Civil Court jurisdiction is only ousted in cases arising under Section 126 and that consumers can approach Civil Courts for grievances under Section 135 - The nature of penalties and civil liabilities in theft of electricity is addressed - The constitutional power of judicial review remains intact despite statutory provisions. (Paras 27, 55)

Judgement Key Points

Key Points: - (!) (!) - (!) (!) (!) - (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) (!)

What is the scope of Civil Court jurisdiction under Section 145 of the Electricity Act, 2003 in relation to matters under Sections 126, 135 to 140 and 150?

What is the status of civil claims by consumers for disputes arising under Sections 135 to 140 and 150 when Special Courts exist under Sections 153 to 155?

What are the remedies and forums available for civil liability or compensation arising from theft of electricity as per the Electricity Act, 2003?


Table of Content
1. initial facts of the civil suit. (Para 2 , 3 , 4 , 5)
2. lower court decrees and appeal outcomes. (Para 8 , 9)
3. jurisdiction issues under the electricity act. (Para 11 , 12 , 14)
4. analysis of jurisdictional bars for civil courts. (Para 21 , 22 , 25 , 26)
5. conclusion and final order of the court. (Para 55 , 56)

JUDGMENT :

SURESHWAR THAKUR, J.

1. Since a common question of law is involved in all the cases (supra), therefore, the said question of law is amenable to be answered through a common verdict being made thereons.

2. For brevity, the facts are being taken from RSA No. 4181 of 2016

3. Initially, a civil suit bearing RBT No. 31 of 2011, became preferred by plaintiff-Mahesh Kumar in the Court of the learned Addl. Civil Judge, Senior Division, Jind, seeking a declaration, thus for declaring, as illegal, null and void rather the checking report dated 17.11.2011, as well as Memo No. 872/CA dated 22.11.2011, and Memo No 876/CA dated 22.11.2011, wherebys became respectively assessed amounts of Rs. 2,93,628/ and Rs. 90,000/-, thus towards penalty and compounding of offence against account No DB21-1605(CS) of the plaintiff therein.

4. It is averred in the supra suit that the plaintiff is the consumer of the defenedant concerned, and, has been regularly paying the consumption bills and nothing is due towards him. It is further averred that the checking report dated 17.11.2011, was not prepared at the site, but became prepared in the office of the defendant concerned, and, the person, who had signed the alleged checking report, did not disclose his/her designation. The plaintiff did not commit any theft of energy and the checking report also does not speak about any theft of energy. It is further averred that the subsequent memo No. 872/CA dated 22.11.2011, wherebys Rs. 2,93,268/- became assessed as penalty, is illegal, null and void. The plaintiff was not heard before the issuance of the aforesaid notice, and, the mandatory provisions of Section 126 of the Electricity Act, 2003, were not complied with.

5. Furthermore, it is averred that as per the checking report dated 17.11.2011, the meter load though as alleged, though not admitted, was 0.746 KW, and, which allegedly became unauthorizedly used, whereas, the amount has been assessed on 9 KW, which was illegal, because as per the checking report only 0.746 KW load was unauthorized and the amount has to be assessed on that meter load only. In addition, it is averred that Memo No. 876/CA dated 22.11.2011, wherebys an amount of Rs. 90,000/- has been assessed for the compounding of the relevant offence, was also illegal, as under Section 152 of the Electricity Act, 2003 (for short ‘the Act of 2003’), the defendants concerned, cannot compel the plaintiff to deposit the above amount. Hence, the present suit.

6. The said suit became contested by the defendants concerned by filing their written statement(s).

7. On the contentious pleadings of the parties, the following issues became struck by the learned lower Court concerned:-

(i) Whether the plaintiff is entitled for decree of declaration to the effect that checking report dated 17.11.2011 and memo No. 872/CA dated 22.11.2011 and memo No. 876/CA dated 22.11.2011 are wrong, illegal, null and void and are liable to be set aside ? OPP

(ii) If issue No. 1 is proved in affirmative, whether the plaintiff is entitled for decree of permanent injunction restraining the defendants from disconnecting his electric connection of plaintiff and making recovery of the impugned amount forcibly ? OPP

(iii) Whether suit is not maintainable in the present form ? OPD

(iv) Whether the plaintiff is stopped from filing the present suit by his own act and conduct ? OPD

(v) Whether the plaintiff has not come in the Court with clean hands and has suppressed the material facts ? OPD

(vi) Whether the plaintiff has not cause of action and locus standi to file the present suit ? OPD

(vii) Relief.”

8. The learned lower Court concerned, on 28.2.2013, after considerin

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