PUNJAB AND HARYANA HIGH COURT AT CHANDIGARH
KARAMJIT SINGH, J.
Charanjit Singh (Since Deceased) Through His Lr Parminder Kaur - Appellant
Vs.
Surinder Kaur Sanga And Others - Respondent
CRM-M-34410-2022
Decided On : 02-04-2025
Judgment
Karamjit Singh, J.
The instant petition under Section 482 Cr.P.C. is filed by complainant/petitioner Charanjit Singh through his LR Parminder Kaur seeking quashing of order dated 13.07.2016 Annexure P-1 passed by the Court of Judicial Magistrate Ist Class, SBS Nagar in Criminal complaint No.28/2015 RBT/CRM-3776-2013 titled as Charanjit Singh Vs. Gulshan Rai and others, to the extent, the protest petition filed by complainant Charanjit Singh was dismissed qua respondents No.1 to 13 herein and order dated 14.01.2022 Annexure P-2 passed by the Court of Additional Sessions Judge, SBS Nagar vide which the revision petition filed by the petitioner against the said order dated 13.07.2016 (Annexure P-1), has been dismissed.
2. The brief facts of the case are that complainant Charanjit Singh was son of Mehar Singh and he was permanent resident of United Kingdom. Complainant reported to the police that property in question situated on railway road Banga was owned by his father Mehar Singh who purchased the same in a Court auction. The said property consisted of two portions. The eastern portion comprised of two rooms, bathroom and a kitchen, which was taken on rent by accused Harbans Lal from Mehar Singh in 1972-1973. The western portion comprised of three shops abutting the railway road, which were rented out to three different tenants but two of the shops were later on vacated. Mehar Singh executed Will with regard to his entire estate including the aforesaid property in favour of his son Charanjit Singh. On demise of Mehar Singh, the property in question was succeeded by complainant Charanjit Singh. Taking benefit of the absence of complainant Charanjit Singh, accused Gulshan Rai, Rakesh Rai and Harbans Lal illegally occupied aforesaid two vacant shops, while the third shop is still in possession of a tenant under the complainant. After taking illegal possession of the aforesaid two shops, Gulshan Rai, Rakesh Rai and Harbans Lal started claiming that they have purchased the said two shops through registered sale deeds. The complainant alleged that the concerned four sale deeds Ex.CW-5/95, Ex.CW-5/97, Ex.CW-5/99 and Ex.C-5/100 are forged and fabricated documents. The alleged vendors of the said sale deeds i.e. respondents No.1 to 3 and respondents No.6 to 8, were having no right, title or interest in the property in question. The alleged sale deeds were in favour of Gulshan Rai and Rakesh Rai sons of Harbans Lal. The revenue authorities wrongly sanctioned mutation No.16427 in favour of Gulshan Rai and Rakesh Rai on the basis of aforesaid alleged sale transactions. However, subsequently, the said mutation was cancelled by Assistant Collector Ist Grade, Nawashahar. The aforesaid vendees also gave false affidavit to Municipal Committee Banga, with regard to their ownership. On the basis of the said complaint, police registered FIR No.125 dated 29.04.2004 under Sections 420 and 120-B IPC in Police Station Banga against all the accused including the vendors, vendees and the attesting witnesses of the afore-stated registered sale deeds. The matter was investigated by the police and the accused persons joined the investigation. On completion of investigation, police presented cancellation report dated 18.01.2006 before the Court concerned. However, the same was rejected with direction to the police to further investigate the matter. Even after further investigation, police presented another cancellation report dated 19.11.2006 but the same was also rejected with direction to further investigate into the matter. Thereafter, third cancellation report was submitted by the police on 21.02.2009 and the same was accepted by the Court concerned. However, the protest petition filed by the complainant was treated as a private criminal complaint.
3. In the preliminary evidence, complainant examined CW-1 Yashpal Singh who produced summoned record maintained by Municipal Committee Banga and he proved documents Ex.CW-1/A to Ex.CW-1/C and documents E
Execution of sale deeds exceeding a co-sharer’s share does not constitute forgery or cheating, reaffirming that civil disputes should not be criminalized without clear offences being present.
The execution of sale deeds by co-sharers exceeding their portion does not constitute forgery or criminal liability, reaffirming that such disputes are civil in nature.
The court emphasized the distinction between civil disputes and criminal offences, quashing the FIR due to lack of criminal intent in the allegations.
There must be a prima facie case for a cognizance order; if facts only reveal a civil dispute, the criminal proceedings cannot proceed.
Execution of sale deeds does not amount to forgery without clear intent; civil disputes should not be framed as criminal complaints.
It is well settled that in order to constitute an offence of cheating, it must be shown that the accused had fraudulent or dishonest intention at the time of making the representation or promise and ....
Term “criminal conspiracy” is defined under Section 120A of the IPC as to mean when two or more persons agree to do, or cause to be done, an illegal act, or an act with is not illegal by illegal mean....
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