2022 Supreme(Sikk) 9
HIGH COURT OF SIKKIM
Bhaskar Raj Pradhan, J.
Mamta Gurung - Appellant
Versus
Director, Vigilance Department - Respondent
R.F.A. No. 02 of 2021
Decided On : 13-04-2022
Ms Navtara Sarda, Advocate (Legal Aid Counsel), for the Appellant; Mr. Yadev Sharma, Government Advocate with Mr. Sujan Sunwar, Assistant Government Advocate, for the Respondent
The court held that the claim for damages was barred by the three-year limitation period under Article 91 of the Limitation Act, 1963, and that the seizure of the vehicle was lawful.
Headnote:(A) Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 - Suit for recovery of money and other reliefs - Sections 420, 120B and 13(1)(d)(ii) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 - Suit dismissed as barred by limitation - Learned District Judge held that the claim arose on 01.05.2007, making it time-barred by the filing date of 05.06.2018 - Malafide seizure not proven, and no evidence of financial loss submitted. (Paras 9-12)
(B) Limitation - Article 91 of the Limitation Act, 1963 governs actions for recovery of specific movable property, dictating a three-year period from unlawful taking. (Paras 9)
Facts of the case:
The appellant claimed a vehicle auctioned by SCMPU in 2007 was improperly seized by the respondent in 2007 and sought damages and recovery totaling Rs.36,64,000/- citing mental anguish and loss of earnings.
Findings of Court:
Suit was time-barred by limitation, with no evidence of malafide seizure or financial loss, properly dismissed.
Issues: Main issues include whether the appellant's suit was maintainable, whether the seizure was justified, and the claimant's entitlement to damages.
Ratio Decidendi: The court affirmed that the seizure was conducted lawfully in connection with criminal investigations, and the appellant did not prove her allegations nor timely file her suit.
Result: Appeal dismissed.
| Table of Content |
|---|
| 1. background of the appeal and facts of the case. (Para 1 , 2) |
| 2. claim for damages due to vehicle seizure. (Para 3) |
| 3. respondent's defense on lawful seizure. (Para 4 , 5 , 6) |
| 4. trial court's handling of case and issues framed. (Para 7 , 8) |
| 5. court's findings on issues of limitation and malafide seizure. (Para 9 , 10) |
| 6. assessment of damages and appellant's failure to prove claims. (Para 11 , 12) |
| 7. final judgment and dismissal of the appeal. (Para 13 , 14) |
JUDGMENT
Bhaskar Raj Pradhan, J. - The present appeal seeks to assail the judgment passed by the learned District Judge, Special Division-I, Sikkim at Gangtok, in Money Suit No. 240 of 2018 dated 26.06.2021 as well as the decree dismissing the suit filed by the appellant herein against the Director, Vigilance Department, Sikkim Police, Government of Sikkim (defendant no.2 in the suit and the sole respondent herein).
2. The plaint was filed under Order VII of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 and styled as suit for recovery of money and other reliefs. The suit was filed against the Managing Director, Sikkim Co-operation Milk Producer's Union (SCMPU) as defendant no.1 and the Director, Vigilance Department, Sikkim Police, Government of Sikkim as defendant no.2. In the plaint, it was the appellant's case that SCMPU had auctioned a Maruti Alto Car bearing registration no. SK-02/A-0524 (the vehicle) on 16.02.2007 in which she participated and was declared the highest bidder. The appellant states that on 16.02.2007, she purchased the vehicle in the auction for a total consideration of Rs.1,01,000/-. It is alleged that although the appellant was declared the real owner of the vehicle the SCMPU has failed to transfer the ownership of the vehicle in the name of the appellant and continues to be recorded in the name of the original owner. It is the appellant's case that the purchase of the vehicle was for the purpose of plying a taxi by Ratan Kumar Gurung (younger brother of the appellant), as he was unemployed. It is asserted that in the month of May 2007, the defendant no.2 had illegally and forcefully taken away the said vehicle from the makeshift garage of the appellant along with the ignition key, documents, etc., without specifying valid reason or giving any prior notice. Ever since then the vehicle had been in the custody of the respondent. The appellant had requested for handing over the vehicle or refund the money paid by the appellant to the SCMPU but in vain. The property seizure memo by which the respondent seized the vehicle was also annexed to the plaint. It is the case of the appellant that her brother Ratan Kumar Gurung could have earned a sum of Rs.26,64,000/- with the use of the vehicle as per the Table provided in paragraph 11 thereof. The Table is reproduced hereinbelow:-
| SL NO. | PERIOD | NUMBER OF DAYS (@ average of 30 days per month) | EARNING PER DAY (in rupees) | TOTAL (in rupees) |
| 1 | 01.07.2007 to 31.12.2007 | 180 DAYS | 600 | 1,08,000/- |
| 2 | 01.01.2008 to 31.12.2010 | 1080 DAYS | 600 | 6,48,000/- |
| 3 | 01.01.2011 to 31.12.2015 | 1800 DAYS | 700 | 12,60,000/- |
| 4 | 01.01.2016 to 31.03.2018 | 810 DAYS | 800 | 6,48,000/- |
|
|
|
|
| 26,64,800/- |
3. The appellant further states that the respondent filed a case against her husband and others before the learned Special Judge, Prevention of Corruption Act, East Sikkim at Gangtok, being Sessions Trial (Vig) case No. 1 of 2011, in which he was convicted under Section 420 read with section 120B and Section 13 (1)(d)(ii) punishable under section 13(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 (P.C. Act) and sentenced to undergo simple imprisonment of one year and to pay a fine of Rs.5000/- for the offence under section 13(1)(d)(ii) of the P.C. Act and in default of payment of fine to undergo further imprisonment of five months. According to the appellant herself, the gravemen of the prosecution case was that the vehicle which belonged to SCMPU was disposed of for a sum of Rs.1,01,000/-