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1996 Supreme(All) 1428

IN THE HIGH COURT OF ALLAHABAD
PALOK BASU, S. RAFAT ALAM, JJ.
DARSHAN KUMAR - Appellant
Versus
STATE OF UTTAR PRADESH - Respondents
C. M. W. P. 19173 Of 1986
Decided On : 12/17/1996

Advocates Appeared:
H.S.NIGAM

A restriction imposed on a fundamental right under Article 19 (1) (g) of the Constitution must be reasonable and proportionate, and must be imposed in the interest of public health and welfare.

Headnote:

MUNICIPALITIES ACT - BYE-LAWS - PROHIBITION OF SALE OF EGGS - VALIDITY - REASONABLE RESTRICTION - WELFARE OF PEOPLE - ARTICLE 19 (1) (G) OF THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA.

Fact of the Case:

Petitioners challenged the validity of notifications issued by the Municipal Board, Rishikesh, prohibiting the sale of eggs within the municipal limits, arguing that it violated their fundamental right to carry on business under Article 19 (1) (g) of the Constitution.

Finding of the Court:

The Court held that the prohibition on the sale of eggs was a reasonable restriction imposed in the interest of public health and welfare, and was therefore permissible under Article 19 (1) (g) of the Constitution.

Issues: Whether the prohibition on the sale of eggs within the municipal limits of Rishikesh was a reasonable restriction imposed in the interest of public health and welfare, and was therefore permissible under Article 19 (1) (g) of the Constitution.

Ratio Decidendi: The Court relied on several Supreme Court precedents, including State of Maharashtra v. H. N. Rao, State of West Bengal v. Ashutosh Lahiri, and Papnasam Labour Union v. Madura Coats Ltd., to establish the principles of reasonableness and proportionality in assessing the validity of restrictions on fundamental rights.

Final Decision: The Court dismissed the petition, holding that the prohibition on the sale of eggs was a valid exercise of the Municipal Board's power to make bye-laws for the promotion of public health and welfare.

( 1 ) FIVE petitioners, Darshan Kumar, Vijai Kumar, Om Prakash, Vijai Kumar son of Narain Das and Pradeep Kumar have filed this petition under Article 226 of the Constitution of India challenging the Gazette Notifications dated 25-1-86 and 23-8-86 (Annexures 1 and 2 respectively), prohibiting the sale of eggs within the municipal limit of Rishikesh.

( 2 ) WHEN the writ petition was admitted on 711-86, an interim order was also passed restraining the respondents from interfering with the petitioners fight to do business of sale of eggs within the limits of Municipal Board, Rishikesh. A detailed counter affidavit along with an application to vacate the stay order was filed as early as on 13-2-87. But the case could not come up for one reason or the other and it has been listed for final hearing now. Rejoinder affidavit has also been filed.

( 3 ) SRI H. S. Nigam assisted by Sri S. S. Nigam has been heard at considerable length in support of this petition. Sri Bhartji Agarwal assisted by Sri Surendra Kumar Posti has also been heard at length in reply.

( 4 ) THE only question involved in this petition is as to whether the notification issued by the Municipal Board. Rishikesh is valid when it prohibits the sale of eggs within the municipal limit of Rishikesh?

( 5 ) BEFORE coming to the question of law, certain facts which are admitted to the parties, may be stated here. District Rishikesh is by and large a place where many temples exist. It has been stated in the counter affidavit that several citizens and societies, as well as organizations made representations to the Municipal Board calling upon it to impose restriction on the sale of eggs also on public places. Keeping in view the aforesaid demand of the citizens of the Municipality, the aforesaid notification was issued in accordance with law, i. e. after getting State Governments approval as envisaged under the provisions of the Municipalities Act. The other factor to be noted in this case is that it is nobodys case that the transportation of eggs through the district of Rishikesh is prohibited in any way. In other words, any business man who wants to take eggs through the district of Rishikesh is not prohibited and he may carry on his trade outside the municipal limit of Rishikesh.

( 6 ) SRI H. S. Nigam vehemently argued that the notification will not pass the test of reasonable restriction as may be imposable under Article 19 (g) of the Constitution. By the notifications referred to above existing bye law has been substituted by "amended bye laws". Therefore, for a ready reference, the entire notification is quoted hereunder :-"existing bye-laws1. In these bye-laws unless there is something repugnant in the subject or context "meat" means flesh of homed cattle, goats, swine, sheep or wild animals intended for human or animal consumption. 2. No person shall sell or expose for sale or cook or carry in a manner exposed to public gaze any kind of meat or fish in any public place, thoroughfare, streets, lodging houses, hotels, Dhabas, Restaurants, Dharamshalas, Kshetras and shops situated within the limits of the Municipal Board. Amended Bye-Laws1. In these bye-laws unless there is something repugnant in the subject or context "meat" and "eggs" means flesh of horned cattle, goats, swine, sheep, wild animals and any kind of eggs intended for human consumption. 1 2. No. person shall sell or expose for sale or cook or carry in a manner exposed to public gaze any kind of meat, fish or eggs in any public place, thoroughfare, streets, lodging houses, hotels, Dhabas, Restaurants, Dharamshalas, Kshetras and shops situated within the limits of Municipal Board.

( 7 ) IT may be mentioned here that the prohibition to sell meat and fish have been described in the existing bye-laws were not challenged to the knowledge of this Court, but it is addition of the word "eggs" by the amended bye-laws, which is the subject matter of challenge. Let it be emphasised here that a look of para 2 of the amen



























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