Note:- In this case, the Judges of the Full Bench differ in their views. The majority view is taken by K. B. Asthana C. J., Satish Chandra and H. N. Seth, JJ. And the minority, by C. S. P. singh and R. L. Gulati JJ. The judgements in the case are, however, printed in the order in which they are given in the certified copy. The first judgement is not, therefore necessarily the judgement expressing the majority view. -Ed.

Judgement

ASTHANA, C. J. (Majorityview):- I am indebted to brothers Satish Chandra and C. S. P. Singh for the opinions they have prepared, which I had the benefit of perusing. They have very dextrously reviewed almost whole of the law and have very ably arrived at certain conclusions on the vexed questions which have defied solution and have been a prolific source of litigation in the subordinate courts and in the High Court without end. The decided cases of this Court noticed by my learned brothers show that despite all efforts we have only succeeded in cooking a soup of varied hue and colour and nobody has been the wiser as to what it is and what it tastes like. I share the view of brother C. S. P. Singh that the situation calls for modification of the relev