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By the Court.—The appellant was appointed in a Group ‘D’ post in the Trade Tax Tribunal on 08 September 1989. The appellant was convicted by the VIIth Additional Sessions Judge, Meerut in Session Trial No. 146 of 1986 of offences under Sections 147, 325 read with Section 149, 324 read with Section 149, and 452 of the Indian Penal Code and was sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment respectively for a period of six months, two years, three years and three years. Based on the order of conviction, the services of the appellant were terminated by the Chairperson of the Trade Tax Tribunal on 11 July 1990. The appellant filed a writ petition, being Civil Misc. Writ Petition No. 17805 of 1990 (Biresh Kumar v. State of U.P. and others), before the learned Single Judge questioning the legality of the termination. The writ petition has been dismissed by the impugned judgment and order dated 02 December 2011 on the ground that Article 311 (2) of the Constitution provides that without any enquiry, an order of punishment can be passed if a civil servant has been convicted in a criminal case after considering his conduct which led to the conviction.

2. The submission, which has been urged on behalf of the appellant, is that in view of the decision of the Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court in Union of India and another v. Tulsiram Patel, AIR 1985 SC 1416, the disciplinary authority is required to consider whether the conduct of the Government servant was such as to require his dismissal or removal from service or reduction in rank following his conviction in a criminal case. In the present case, it was submitted that the disciplinary authority proceeded on a wrongful premise that a mere conviction would result in an order of termination.

3. Article 311 of the Constitution, insofar as is material, provides as follows:

“311. Dismissal, removal or reduction in rank of person employed in civil capacities under the Union or a State.—(1) No person who is a member of a civil service of the Union or an all-India service or a civil service of a State or holds a civil post under the Union or a State shall be dismissed or removed by an authority subordinate to that by which he was appointed.

(2) No such person as aforesaid shall be dismissed or removed or reduced in rank except after an inquiry in which he has been informed of the charges against him and given a reasonable opportunity of being heard in respect of those charges:

Provided that where it is proposed after such inquiry, to impose upon him any such penalty, such penalty may be imposed on the basis of the evidence adduced during such inquiry and it shall not be necessary to give such person any opportunity of making representation on the penalty proposed:

Provided further that this clause shall not apply—

(a) where a person is dismissed or removed or reduced in rank on the ground of conduct which has led to his conviction on a criminal charge; or

(b) where the authority empowered to dismiss or remove a person or to reduce him in rank is satisfied that for some reason, to be recorded by that authority in writing, it is not reasonably practicable to hold such inquiry; or

(c) where the President or the Governor, as the case may be, is satisfied that in the interest of the security of the State it is not expedient to hold such inquiry.”

4. The provisions of Clause (a) of the second proviso to Clause (2) of Article 311 of the Constitution have been construed in the judgment of the Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court in Union of India and another v. Tulsiram Patel (supra), where it has been held as follows:

“127. ...... To recapitulate briefly, where a disciplinary authority comes to know that a Government servant has been convicted on a criminal charge, it must consider whether his conduct which has led to his conviction was such as warrants the imposition of a penalty and, if so, what that penalty should be. For that purpose it will have to peruse the judgment of the criminal