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2025 Supreme(All) 2325

IN THE HIGH COURT OF ALLAHABAD 
SANGEETA CHANDRA, J.
Sunita Nishad And Anr. - Appellants
Versus 
Debt Recovery Appellate Tribunal through Registrar And Ors. - Respondents 
Writ C No.35050 of 2019
Decided on : 01-04-2025

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant : Sushil Kumar,Abhiuday Pratap Singh, Amrendra Nath Tripathi, Meenakshi Singh Parihar, Rakesh Chandra Tewari
For the Respondent: Rakesh Pal, Pc Chauhan, Prashant K. Srivastava, Ramesh Chandra, S.C. Tiwari, Shailendra Singh Rajawat, Vidya Kant Sharma

Service of demand notice is valid if sent to the correct address, even with a name error; non-disclosure of encumbrances does not invalidate auction sale if it is with the same bank.

Headnote:(A) SARFAESI Act, 2002 - Sections 13(2), 13(4), and 14 - Security Interest (Enforcement) Rules, 2002 - Non-service of demand notice - The court held that service of demand notice is deemed valid if sent to the correct address, even if the name is incorrect, as per Section 27 of the General Clauses Act. The bank's failure to mention encumbrances in the auction sale notice was not sufficient to vitiate the sale proceedings since the encumbrance was with the same bank. The petitioners were found to have signed documents extending mortgage as security for a loan, thus validating the bank's actions. (Paras 6, 10, 44, and 57)

(B) Writ Jurisdiction - Clean Hands Doctrine - The court emphasized that parties must approach the court with full and frank disclosure of facts; failure to do so may lead to dismissal of the petition. (Paras 48 and 49)

(C) Agricultural Loan Recovery - The court clarified that proceedings under the SARFAESI Act can be initiated for agricultural loans, dismissing the petitioners' claims of improper procedure. (Paras 33 and 56)

Facts of the case:
The petitioners challenged the DRAT's order affirming the bank's auction sale of their property, claiming they were not properly notified and did not consent to being guarantors for a loan taken by a relative.

Findings of Court:
The court found the petitioners had signed mortgage documents, validating the bank's actions, and dismissed the writ petition with costs, ordering them to vacate the property.

Issues: The main issues included the validity of notice service, the requirement of mentioning encumbrances, and the petitioners' status as guarantors.

Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that the bank's actions were valid despite procedural errors, emphasizing the need for full disclosure in court.

Result: Writ petition dismissed with costs of Rs. 25 lakhs, and the petitioners ordered to vacate the property within one month.

Table of Content
1. challenge to possession notice and auction sale. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4)
2. arguments regarding service of notices and encumbrances. (Para 5 , 6 , 8 , 10)
3. court observations on compliance with notification requirements. (Para 7 , 9 , 11 , 13)
4. counterarguments and implications of the bank's actions. (Para 12 , 14 , 16 , 17)
5. discussion on the necessity of including the principal borrower. (Para 18 , 19 , 21 , 22)
6. amendments regarding procedural compliance under agricultural laws. (Para 24 , 25 , 27 , 28)
7. arguments against the validity of the extended mortgage. (Para 29 , 30 , 31 , 32)
8. discussion on the bank's compliance with sarfaesi act. (Para 33 , 34 , 35 , 36)
9. evidence of signatures and documentation supporting the bank's claims. (Para 37 , 38 , 39 , 41)
10. court's remarks on the necessity of clean hands in litigation. (Para 44 , 45 , 50)
11. final judgment and costs imposed on the petitioners. (Para 56 , 57)
12. order for the petitioners to vacate the property. (Para 58 , 59 , 60)

JUDGMENT :

Sangeeta Chandra, J.

1. This writ petition has been filed by the petitioners Sunita Nishad and her husband Om Prakash, challenging the order dated 22.10.2019 passed by the Debt Recovery Appellate Tribunal Allahabad, (DRAT) in Appeal No.18 of 2018, filed by the Bank of Baroda through which the order dated 20.08.2018 passed by the Debt Recovery Tribunal, Lucknow (hereinafter referred to as “DRT”) has been set aside and auction sale dated 11.12.2017 and possession notice dated 05.10.2016 has been affirmed and physical possession of House No. 13/88, Sector-13, Indira Nagar Vistar Yojna, Lucknow, has been directed to be delivered to Smt. Mamta Yadav, the respondent no.4 in this petition. The petitioners had earlier filed Writ Petition No. 31115 (MB) of 2017 before this Court challenging the auction notice dated 11.12.2017, which petition was disposed off by this Court directing the petitioners to approach the DRT as the proceedings were under the SARFAESI Act.

2. The brief facts necessary for deciding the case, as mentioned in the Writ Petition No. 35050 of 2019 are that the State Government launched a scheme called “Kamdhenu Dairy Scheme” with intention to promote dairy farming in the State of U.P. to maintain its status as the highest milk producing state in the country. One Jai Prakash, the brother of petitioner no.2 and the brother- in-law of the petitioner no.1, applied for a term loan of five years and was sanctioned Rs.90 lakhs by the Bank of Baroda under the State Sponsored Scheme. The petitioner no.1 and the petitioner no.2 being relatives of the borrower Jai Prakash and already being customers of Bank of Baroda, Gomti Nagar Branch, were shown as guarantors of the loan fraudulently by the bank, which used the original papers relating to petitioner’s jointly owned property at Indira Nagar, which was already mortgaged to the bank in a housing loan, as surety for the agricultural loan of the borrower. It has been stated in paragraph 10 to 13 that the petitioner no.1 was never consulted by the bank, nor did she sign any papers for extension of mortgage and she never stood as guarantor or surety for the loan taken by Jai Prakash. Petitioner no.1 and petitioner no.2 had taken a housing loan from HDFC Bank on 30.07.2011 of Rs.32 lakhs for buying the house situated at Indira Nagar and the loan had to be repaid with interest to HDFC initially, but due to lower rate of interest being offered by Bank of Baroda, the petitioners got their loan transferred on 23.01.2015 to the respondent no.3, Bank of Baroda, which granted them a loan of Rs.29,50,000 and the papers relating to the house situated at Indira Nagar were submitted by the petitioners to the said bank in January, 2015 itself. In March 2015, when Jai Prakash applied for loan of Rs.90,00,000 under Kamdhenu Dairy Scheme, the papers relating to Indira Nagar House property had already been deposited in the bank as the house was mortgaged for repayment of housing loan, w

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