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2025 Supreme(All) 2350

IN THE HIGH COURT OF ALLAHABAD
Hon'ble J.J. Munir,J.
Anandh Subramaniam – Appellant
Versus
Union of India – Respondent


Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant : Avneesh Tripathi
For the Respondent: A.S.G.I.,Ashok Kumar Srivastava, Jatin Kumar Mishra, Rohan Gupta

Judgement Key Points

Based on the provided legal document, the following key points emerge:

  1. The inquiry conducted by the IITK ICC under the IITK Rules, which were made specifically for the inquiry process, was declared ultra vires the PoSH Act because the IIT lacked the authority to frame such rules (!) (!) (!) . As a result, the inquiry process was held to be invalid due to procedural irregularities and breaches of natural justice (!) (!) .

  2. The inquiry process violated principles of natural justice, particularly the petitioner’s right to a fair hearing, by not allowing him to lead evidence of his witnesses, conducting ex parte proceedings, and rushing through the inquiry at an unreasonably fast pace (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) .

  3. The procedures adopted by the ICC, including the manner of examining witnesses and the denial of the petitioner’s right to cross-examine or lead evidence, were arbitrary and prejudicial, impairing the petitioner’s ability to defend himself effectively (!) (!) (!) .

  4. The IITK Rules, which were not framed under the authority granted by the PoSH Act, could not supersede the statutory requirements of the PoSH Act and the PoSH Rules, which prescribe a specific procedure for inquiries into sexual harassment complaints (!) (!) (!) (!) .

  5. The inquiry was conducted in haste, with inadequate opportunity for the petitioner to prepare his defence, which further compromised the fairness of the process (!) (!) (!) (!) .

  6. The petitioner was denied the opportunity to be represented by a defence assistant, including a legal practitioner, despite the importance of such assistance in ensuring a fair hearing, especially given the complexity and seriousness of the allegations (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) .

  7. The procedural flaws, including the exclusion of relevant evidence, the conduct of proceedings without proper notice or opportunity, and the hurried pace, collectively rendered the inquiry invalid (!) (!) (!) (!) .

  8. The inquiry’s findings and the subsequent decisions based on those proceedings were therefore vitiated, leading to the declaration that the IITK Rules are ultra vires and that the inquiry was conducted in breach of natural justice principles (!) (!) .

  9. The court directed that the inquiry be conducted de novo in accordance with the PoSH Rules, ensuring adherence to the prescribed procedures and safeguarding the petitioner’s right to a fair hearing (!) .

  10. The final order reinstates the petitioner and directs the respondents to proceed with the inquiry afresh, giving parties an opportunity to lead evidence properly, without the procedural irregularities that tainted the initial process (!) .

These points collectively emphasize the importance of following statutory procedures, respecting principles of natural justice, and ensuring procedural fairness in inquiries related to allegations of sexual harassment under the PoSH Act.


JUDGMENT :

J.J. Munir, J.

1. This judgment will decide Writ-A No.4492 of 2023 and connected Writ-A No.2273 of 2023. Writ-A No.4492 of 2023 shall be treated as the leading case. Nevertheless, facts and materials, wherever necessary, shall also be noticed in the connected writ petition.

2. Anandh Subramaniam, a Professor in the Department of Material Science and Engineering at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur is a respectable man, who has fallen from grace. He has been proceeded with against under the Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013 (for short, 'the PoSH Act'), held guilty on charges of sexual harassment of a scholar of his and punished with 'compulsory retirement' by the Board of Governors of the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur (for short, 'the IIT') vide resolution dated 22.02.2023. The said resolution was notified by the Director of the IIT vide order dated 01.03.2023.

3. In the leading writ petition, the petitioner challenges the order dated 01.03.2023 passed by the Director of the IIT as also the resolution of the Board of Governors of the said Institution dated 22.02.2023. He has further prayed, in substance

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