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MADHYA PRADESH HIGH COURT AT GWALIOR BENCH
Sujoy Paul, J.
Little Angels Shiksha Samiti and Ors. - Appellant
Versus
State of M.P. and Ors. - Respondent
Writ Petition Nos. 2450, 5775-2012, 3707, 4098, 4919, 7451, 8062-2014, 2224, 2226, 2227, 2228, 2248 and 2462-2015
Decided On : 13-05-2015
Held : The impugned action and orders of Collector in the present matters are without authority of law. Collector had no authority and Jurisdiction under the RTE Act and Rules and CBSE bye-laws to take the impugned action. AIR 1956 SC 66 followed. 1986 CrLJ 1543, AIR 2014 SC 3020, (2004)5 SCC 583, (2004)2 SCC 510, (2012)6 SCC 1, (2005)6 SCC 537, AIR 2003 SC 3724 and (2002)8 SCC 481 referred to.
(2) Zila Yojna Samiti Adhiniyam, 1995 (M.P.) -- Ss.7 and 8 -- Constitution of India -- Art.243ZD -- Collector or committee not equipped with power of administrative control over schools -- no source of power found either from Adhiniyam, 1995 or from order dated 30.3.1999 which gives Collector full administrative control over schools -- Collector not covered under definition of local authority -- Collector was not competent to proceed against schools in matter of fee fixation or its regulation.
Held : The impugned orders of Collector in the present matters are set aside. Notice of contempt issued by the Collector are also quashed .... it is directed that the Government should consider the aspect of regulation of fees and other relevant issues. The Government may appoint an expert committee which can go into feasibility of establishing a regulatory body for institutions and recommend the changes that are required to be made in the existing law.
It is also relevant to mention that the use of “ reasonable surplus” and question of profiteering needs to be examined by financial experts. Thus, Government is required to apply its mind on this aspect also
[Paras 50 & 51
(3) Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Rules, 2011 (M.P.) -- R.11(4)(c) -- power of renewal of recognition of schools vested with District Education Officer -- Collector has power to call for record and examine whether he acted in exercise of his jurisdiction legally or with material irregularity -- this power can be exercised by Collector on application of schools or suo motu.
Held : The limited power given to the Collector is to call for the record of any case which has been decided by DEO Collector may examine whether the DEO has acted in exercise of his/her jurisdiction legally or with material irregularity. This power can be exercised by Collector on the application of school or suo motu.
(4) Constitution of India -- Arts.19(1)(g), 226 and 142 -- if education institution goes beyond "charity" in to commercialization -- it would not be entitled to protection under provision of Constitution -- it is proper to issue certain directions to strike balance in matter.
Held : The occupation of education is regarded as charitable, the Government can provide regulation for forbidding the charges of capitation fees and profiteering by the institutions.
In the establishment of educational institution, the object should not be to make profit, in as much as education is essentially charitable in nature.
If education institution goes beyond “charity” into commercialization, it would not be entitled to protection of Article 19(1)(g). AIR 1966 SC 81, 1985 (Suppl.) SCC 476, (2000)8 SCC 395 and (1995)6 SCC 749 referred to.
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Sujoy Paul, J.
1. In all these petitions there is a commonality of significant issue involved which basically relates to jurisdiction of Collector in taking coercive steps/coercive measures in the matter relating to school fee being charged by unaided private educational institutions in District Gwalior.
WP No. 2450/2012
2. The petitioner Little Angels Shiksha Samiti is a society registered under the Firms and Societies Act. The said society is running a school namely " Little Angels High School Gwalior". Admittedly, the petitioner is not getting any grant-in-aid from the Government. Thus, school is a private unaided school. The School is affiliated to Secondary Board of Secondary Education (CBSE). The petitioner in its meeting dated 14.02.2011 decided to enhance the fees for Class I to X by Rs. 600/- and for Class XI to XII Rs. 1000/- per quarter. Shri K.N. Gutpa, learned senior counsel contends that this decision of enhancement of fees was made known to the parents. The said decision of enhancement of fees was taken in the meeting of society and also in the meeting of School Management Committee (SMC). In the SMC, three parents' representative were also present. One Smt. Farzana Khan, Editor or a Newspaper, made an undated complaint to Collector which is filed as Annexure P/3. An enquiry Committee comprising of Principals of Govt. Railways Girls' Higher Secondary School, Govt. Vidyapeeth Higher Secondary School and Govt. Girls' Higher Secondary School Gwalior was constituted to enquire into the matter. The said committee issued a notice dated 12.12.2011 and demanded certain details. The petitioner furnished the desired information by letter dated 28.12.2011. Thereafter a notice dated 12.01.2012 (Annexure P/2) was issued by Collector Gwalior informing that the report of enquiry committee aforesaid has been received by the Collector and petitioner should appear and plead his case in the office of Collector. Petitioner in obedience of said notice, appeared before the Collector through his counsel and submitted his representation dated 06.02.2012. It is common ground that Collector did not afford any opportunity to cross-examine the complainant. In turn, the impugned order dated 12.03.2012 was passed whereby the action of petitioner of enhancement of fees vide SMC meeting dated 12.02.2011 was disapproved and set aside. The petitioner was directed to adjust the enhanced fees which has been recovered in subsequent academic session of 2012-13. It is further directed that Registrar of Firms and Society should constitute a team and audit the accounts of petitioner-society of last three years.
3. Shri K.N. Gupta, senior counsel submits that under the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 (RTE Act) and as per Central Board of Secondary Education affiliation Bye-laws, the Collector has no authority, jurisdiction and competence to undertake the aforesaid exercise. He submits that the proceedings initiated by the Collector were without authority of law. There is no enabling provision which permits the Collector to decide the legality and validity of decision of petitioner relating to fee enhancement and other administrative matters. In addition, it is contended that in State of M.P. by Gazette notification 26.03.2011 the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Rules, 2011 (RTE Rules) were notified. As per these Rules also the Collector of Revenue District is not competent to undertake aforesaid exercise. It is also contended that proceedings were not in consonance with principle of natural justice. The impugned order is based on surmises and conjunctures. It is not a reasoned order and therefore, interference be made.
4. To elaborate, learned senior counsel relied on definitions of appropriate Government, capitation fee, child, child belonging to disadvantaged group, elementary education, local authority and school. It is contended that present educational institutions are covered under the definitio
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