IN THE HIGH COURT OF MADHYA PRADESH
Rajendra Kumar (Verma), J.
Govind v. The State of M. P.
Criminal Appeal No. 1646 of 1999 (Indore): against the judgment dated 22.10.1999 passed by the XIV Additional Sessions Judge, Indore in Sessions Trial No. 29/1999; Decided on 13.9.2022
(1) Penal Code, 1860 -- S. 304B -- Evidence Act, 1872 -- S. 113B -- dowry death -- deceased died by burn injuries within seven years of marriage -- was harassed for demand of dowry and subjected to cruelty and harassment soon before death -- several allegations against appellant in statements of relatives of deceased -- unchallenged testimony of witnesses remains intact -- however, appellant tried to save deceased and received burn injuries -- took deceased to hospital after incident -- conviction affirmed -- sentence reduced to minimum sentence. CRA No. 266-DB of 1997 decided on 4.5.1998 (P&H) and 2010 CrLJ 355 (P&H) referred to.
[Paras 13, 20 & 21
(2) Evidence Act, 1872 -- S. 113B -- presumption u/s. 113B is presumption of law -- shall be raised only on proof of essentials -- essentials enumerated. [Para 17
(3) Evidence Act, 1872 -- S. 113B -- Penal Code, 1860 -- S. 304B -- presumption u/s. 113B of Evidence Act and u/s. 304B of IPC can be raised only when elements of cruelty and harassment have been established on record -- prosecution has to rule out possibility of natural or accidental death -- has to establish that “soon before” occurrence, there was cruelty or harassment -- “soon before” is a relative term -- it would depend upon circumstances of each case -- no strait-jacket formula can be laid down as to what would constitute period of soon before occurrence -- there must be existence of proximity and live link between effect of cruelty based on dowry demand and death -- presumption u/s. 113B is only when there is cogent evidence on record establishing ingredients of death u/s. 304B of IPC. [Paras 16 to 19
¼1½ naM lafgrk] 1860 && /kkjk 304[k && lk{; vf/kfu;e] 1872 && /kkjk 113[k && ngst e`R;q && fookg ds lkr o"kZ ds Hkhrj nkg {kfr;ksa ls e`rdk dh e`R;q && ngst dh ek¡x ds fy, rax fd;k x;k rFkk e`R;q ds dqN iwoZ Øwjrk dh xbZ vkSj rax fd;k x;k && e`rdk ds ukrsnkjksa ds dFkuksa esa vihykFkhZ ds fo#) vusd vfHkdFku && lkf{k;ksa dk fufoZjks/k ifjlk{; v[kaM jgk && rFkkfi] vihykFkhZ us e`rdk dks cpkus dk iz;Ru fd;k rFkk mls nkg {kfr;k¡ igq¡ph && ?kVuk ds i'pkr~ e`rdk dks fpfdRlky; ys x;k && nks"kflf) vfHkiq"V && naMkns'k ?kVk dj U;wure naMkns'k fd;k x;kA nkafMd vihy Ø- 266&Mhch lu~ 1997 fu.khZr fnukad 4-5-1998 ¼iatkc ,oa gfj-½ rFkk 2010 lhvkj ,y ts 355 ¼iatkc ,oa gfj-½ fufnZ"VA ¼iSjk 13] 20 ,oa 21
¼2½ lk{; vf/kfu;e] 1872 && /kkjk 113[k && /kkjk 113[k ds v/khu mièkkj.kk fof/k dh mi/kkj.kk gS && vfuok;Z ckrksa dk lcwr fn, tkus ij gh mn~Hkwr gksxh && vfuok;Z ckrsa ifjxf.krA ¼iSjk 17
¼3½ lk{; vf/kfu;e] 1872 && /kkjk 113[k && naM lafgrk] 1860 && /kkjk 304[k && lk{; vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 113[k rFkk naM lafgrk dh /kkjk 304[k ds vèkhu mi/kkj.kk rc gh mn~Hkwr gks ldrh gS tc Øwjrk fd, tkus vkSj rax fd, tkus ds rRo vfHkys[k ij LFkkfir fd, x, gksa && vfHk;kstui{k dks izkÑfrd vFkok nq?kZVuktU; e`R;q dh laHkkouk vlaHko cukuk gksrh gS && LFkkfir djuk gksrk gS fd ?kVuk ds ßdqN iwoZß Øwjrk dh xbZ Fkh vFkok rax fd;k x;k Fkk && ßdqN iwoZß lkis{k in gS && ;g izR;sd ekeys dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa ij fuHkZj gksxk && bl ckjs esa dksbZ vifjorZuh; lw= vf/kdfFkr ugha fd;k tk ldrk fd ?kVuk ds dqN iwoZ dh vof/k D;k gksxh && ngst dh ek¡x ij vk/kkfjr Øwjrk ds izHkko rFkk e`R;q ds eè; vuarjrk vkSj ltho laca/k dh fo|ekurk gksuk vko';d && /kkjk 113[k ds v/khu mi/kkj.kk rc gh gksrh gS tc naM lafgrk dh /kkjk 304[k ds v/khu e`R;q ds la?kVd fl) djus dk rdZiw.kZ lk{; vfHkys[k ij gksA ¼iSjk 16 ls 19
JUDGEMENT
1. Appellant has preferred this appeal under section 374 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (for short 'the Code') against the judgment dated 22.10.1999 passed by 14th Additional Sessions Judge, District Indore in S.T. No.29/1999, whereby the appellant has been convicted for the offence punishable under section 304-B of IPC and sentenced to undergo 10 years R.I. with fine of Rs.2000/- with default stipulations.
2. The prosecution story, on 20.10.1998, the deceased namely Jyoti was having burn injuries and she was admitted in the M.Y. Hospital, Indore on the same date of incident. One Shyam Chokse inform her parents about the incident and they immediately after receiving the information reach to the M.Y. Hospital Indore from Bhopal. Thereafter, the police station Banganga registered the FIR against the appellant appellant.
3. Thereafter, the police sent the seized articles for medical examination, prepared the spot map, taken the statements of the witnesses, arrested the accused person and after due investigation filed the charge-sheet against the appellant. The learned Court below after considering the statements of the witnesses framed the charges against the appellant under section 304-B of IPC.
4. Appellant was charged for offence under section 304-B of IPC. He abjured his guilt and took a plea that he is innocent and has been falsely implicated in the present crime and prays for trial.
5. In support of the case of prosecution, the prosecution has examined as many as 16 witnesses namely Devchand (PW-1), Bhagwatibai (PW-2), Kundanlal (PW-3), Omprakash (PW-4), Kaluram (PW-5), KamalKishore (PW-6), Nathulal (PW-7), Shyam (PW-8), Rajue (PW-9), Suresh (PW-10), Virendra Gurjar (PW-11), Inayat Hussain (PW-12), Dr. Surendra Dube (PW-13), Jitendra Singh Panwar (PW-14), Rajesh Hingaonkar (PW-15) and Dr. Sudhir Sharma (PW-16) were examined. No witness was examined by the appellant in his defense.
6. Learned trial Court, on appreciation of the evidence adduced by the parties, pronounced the impugned judgment on 22.10.1999 and finally concluded the case and convicted the appellant, as stated above.
7. Learned counsel for the appellant submits that the the appellant is innocent and the learned trial Court has convicted the appellant wrongly without considering the evidence available on record. There are omissions and contradictions in the statements of the prosecution witnesses but the learned trial Court has not considered this fact in right aspect and convicted the appellant. It is further submitted that at the time of incident when the deceased was burning, the appellant was present and he has tried to calm the fire due to which he has also sustained the burn injuries on both the hands and thereafter, the appellant itself has taken her to the hospital for treatment, but unfortunately, the deceased was died. It is further submitted that the learned Court below has convicted the appellant only on the basis of statements of PW-3 Omprakash, PW-4, Kundanlal, PW-5, Bhagwatibai and PW-6 Devendra & PW-7 Kamalkishore who are the relatives of the deceased i.e. the brothers and mother of the deceased. It is further submitted that PW-3 Omprakash, brother of the deceased in his statements has not made any allegations against the appellant neither for dowry nor for harassment.
8. It is further submitted that the deceased was living peacefully with the appellant at Indore and the amount which the relatives of the deceased has given to the deceased/appellant, was the amount of compensation of Bhopal Gas Tragedy and the said amount was being paying. It is further submitted except the omnibus allegations of the relatives, there is nothing on record to show that the appellant has and role in unnatural death of his wife. Learned counsel for the appellant has also submitted that to prove the ingredients of offence under section 304-B of IPC, the prosecution has to establish the following ingredients;
(a) that the death of a woman has been
The judgment established the need for a proximate and live link between dowry harassment and the woman's death, and emphasized the statutory presumption of dowry death under Section 113-B of the Evid....
The court affirmed the conviction under Section 304-B IPC, establishing that the deceased was subjected to cruelty for dowry demands, leading to her suicide, thus satisfying the legal requirements fo....
The burden lies on the prosecution to establish the ingredients of Sec. 304-B, and once proved, the presumption under Sec. 113-B comes into play. The accused can then attempt to displace the deemed c....
The prosecution must prove cruelty or harassment for dowry demand soon before death to sustain a conviction under Sections 304-B and 498-A IPC; insufficient evidence leads to acquittal.
(1) Dowry death – “Soon before” cannot be interpreted to mean “immediately before”, rather prosecution has to show that there existed a “proximate and live link” between cruelty and consequential dea....
Dowry death – Mere death of deceased being unnatural in matrimonial home within seven years of marriage will not be sufficient to convict accused under Section 304B and 498A of IPC.
Prosecution must prove beyond reasonable doubt that cruelty occurred shortly before the victim's death to establish dowry death under IPC sections 304B and 498A; general allegations are insufficient.
The court upheld conviction for dowry death, emphasizing that evidence of torture and demand for dowry proven leads to presumption of causation under relevant legal provisions.
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