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2023 Supreme(MP) 1009

IN THE HIGH COURT OF MADHYA PRADESH AT JABALPUR
G.S. AHLUWALIA, J.
RADHA KUWAR SINGH W/O LATE ANAND BAHADUR SINGH – Petitioner
Versus
STATE OF M.P. – Respondent
W.P. No. 18857 of 2023
Decided On : 29-08-2023

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Petitioner: Ganga Ram Saket.
For the Respondent: Mohan Sausarkar.

Headnote:(A) Constitution of India - Article 226 - Advocates Act, 1961 - Professional misconduct of Advocates - Seeking unnecessary adjournments by the counsel for the petitioner, who claimed non-preparation of his case, was addressed by the Court, emphasizing the duty of advocates to be prepared and the impact of delays caused by such adjournments on the judicial process - The Court reiterated the importance of timely justice and the responsibility of legal professionals in the efficient functioning of the justice delivery system. (Paras 7, 10, 14)

(B) Compassionate appointment - Legal principles - The Court ruled that compassionate appointments are exceptions to normal recruitment procedures and must be strictly governed by the policies in place at the time of the employee's death, highlighting that new policies should not apply retroactively unless stated otherwise. (Paras 8, 14)

(C) Duty of Legal Practitioners - The Court underscored that the legal profession must maintain the integrity and efficiency of the judicial process, insisting on the avoidance of dilatory tactics and affirming that unnecessary adjournments constitute professional misconduct. (Paras 17, 30)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner sought compassionate appointment following her husband's death while in service. The court examined the relevance of the policy at the time of death in making its determination.

Findings of Court:
The court directed the respondents to consider the petitioner's application strictly in accordance with the policy in force at the time of the husband's death.

Issues: The main legal question centered on the applicability of compassionate appointment policies based on the date of the employee's death compared to subsequent changes.

Ratio Decidendi: The Court determined that advocates must prepare adequately for cases and avoid seeking unnecessary adjournments, as such actions hinder the judicial process. Further, the applicable policy for compassionate appointment is that which was in force at the time of the employee's death.

Result: Petition disposed of with directions.

Table of Content
1. counsel's duty to prepare case and avoid adjournments. (Para 1 , 2)
2. role of courts in avoiding undue adjournments. (Para 3 , 4)
3. context of compassionate appointment claims. (Para 5 , 6 , 7)
4. conditions of entitlement for compassionate appointment. (Para 8 , 9)
5. judicial principles regarding compassionate employment. (Para 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14)
6. conclusions on authority and process of appointment. (Para 15 , 16 , 17)

ORDER :

1. When the case was called, counsel for the petitioner submitted that since he has not prepared the case, therefore, the matter should be adjourned. When this Court refused to adjourn the matter and requested the counsel to argue the matter then again he insisted that once he has not prepared the case, therefore, this Court must adjourn the matter. Counsel was not ready to open his file also. It was not known as to whether the counsel was having the file of this case or not. Accordingly, this Court provided the file of the Court to Shri G. R. Saket but he also did not open the same and stated that he is an Advocate and it is his duty to prepare the case efficiently because he is earning his livelihood for looking after his family including wife and children and once he has not prepared the case then the Court must not hear the matter. The counsel was reminded of duties of an Advocate but again and again he submitted that he is an Advocate and, therefore, he should not be heard unless and until the case is prepared by him. Thus, it is clear that the solitary intention of counsel for the petitioner was to get the matter adjourned.

2. Asking for unnecessary adjournments is neither in the interest of litigant nor in the interest of Institution. This Court in the case of Nandu @ Gandharva Singh vs. Ratiram Yadav and others , order dated 9-1-2019 passed in M.P. No. 1887/2017 has held as under:

    “For the lapses on the part of the counsel for respondent No. 1 or respondent No. 1 himself, this Court cannot keep the matter pending unnecessarily and specifically when the counsel for respondent No. 1 is not ready to take the responsibility of delay in decision of the petition, then the counsel for respondent No. 1 has no authority either legally or morally to make prayer for adjournment. The Supreme Court in the case of N.G. Dastane vs. Shrikant S. Shinde, (2001) 6 SCC 135 has held as under:

    “17. In Black’s Law Dictionary “misconduct” is defined as:

    “A transgression of some established and definite rule of action, a forbidden act, a dereliction from duty, unlawful behaviour, wilful in character, improper or wrong behaviour; its synonyms are misdemeanour, misdeed, misbehaviour, delinquency, impropriety, mismanagement, offence, but not negligence or carelessness.”

    18. The expression “professional misconduct” was attempted to be defined by Darling, J. in A Solicitor, ex p, Law Society, in re in the following terms:

    “If it is shown that an advocate in the pursuit of his profession has done something with regard to it which would be reasonably regarded as disgraceful or dishonourable by his professional brethren of good repute and competency, then it is open to say that he is guilty of professional misconduct.”

    19. In R.D. Saxena vs. Balram Prasad Sharma this Court has quoted the above definition rendered by Darling, J., which was subsequently approved by the Privy Council in George Frier Grahame vs. Attorney-General and then observed thus: (SCC p. 275, Para 19)

    “19. Misconduct envisaged in section 35 of the ADVOCATES ACT is not defined. The section uses the expression ‘misconduct, professional or otherwise’. The word ‘misconduct’ is a relative term. It has to be considered with reference to the subject-matter and the context wherein such term occurs. It literally means wrong conduct or improper conduct.”

    20. An advocate abusing the process of Court is guilty of misconduct. When witnesses are present in the Court for examination the advocate concerned has a duty to see that their examination is conducted

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