IN THE HIGH COURT OF MADHYA PRADESH
Sushrut Arvind Dharmadhikari and Duppala Venkata Ramana, JJ.
Deepak Singhal v. Union of India & Others
Writ Petition No. 21641 of 2024 (Indore); Decided on 11.9.2024
Penal Code, 1860 -- Ss. 420, 467, 468 and 471 -- Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 -- Ss. 67(2) and 132 -- GST authorities cannot bypass procedure prescribed under GST Act for launching prosecution by simply invoking penal provisions under IPC without invoking penal provisions under GST Act -- especially when allegations constitute offence under penal provisions of GST Act -- that would amount to bypassing procedural safeguards provided u/s. 132(6) of GST Act which requires sanction of commissioner prior to initiation of prosecution -- letting GST authorities adopt such course of action would amount to abuse of process of law -- FIR u/ss. 420, 467, 468 and 471 of IPC quashed. (2017) 2 SCC 18 followed. [Paras 8 to 10]
naM lafgrk] 1860 & /kkjk 420] 467] 468 rFkk 471 & dsUæh; eky vkSj lsok dj vf/kfu;e] 2017 & /kkjk 67¼2½ rFkk 132 & th,lVh çkf/kdkjhx.k th,lVh vf/kfu;e ds v/khu nkafMd mica/kksa dk vkJ; fy, fcuk] dsoy naM lafgrk ds vèkhu nkafMd mica/kksa dk vkJ; ysdj vfHk;kstu vkjaHk djus ds fy, th,lVh vfèkfu;e ds v/khu fofgr çfØ;k dh mis{kk ugha dj ldrs & fo'ks"kr% tc vfHkdFkuksa ls th,lVh vf/kfu;e ds nkafMd mica/kksa ds v/khu vijk/k xfBr gksrk gS & ;g th,lVh vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 132¼6½ ds v/khu micaf/kr çfØ;kRed j{kksik;ksa dh mis{kk dh dksfV esa vk,xk] ftlesa vfHk;kstu vkjaHk djus ds iwoZ vk;qä dh eatwjh visf{kr gS & th,lVh çkf/kdkjhx.k dks ,slh dk;Zfof/k vaxhdkj djus nsuk fof/k dh çfØ;k ds nq:i;ksx dh dksfV esa vk,xk & naM lafgrk dh /kkjk 420] 467] 468 rFkk 471 ds v/khu çFke bfÙkyk fjiksVZ vfHk[kafMrA ¼2017½ 2 ,llhlh 18 vuqlfjrA ¼iSjk 8 ls 10½
ORDER
Dharmadhikari, J. -- Heard finally at motion stage with consent of the parties.
1. The petitioner herein has filed the present petition seeking following reliefs from this Court :--
7.1 To issue a writ of Mandamus thereby quashing the entire proceedings and ancillary proceedings in pursuance to the summons issued on 11/08/2021 against the petitioner.
7.2. To issue a writ of mandamus thereby quashing the proceedings instituted against the petitioner in the Crime No. 62/2022 and its ancillary proceedings.
7.3. To issue a writ thereby seeking a clarification from the GST department and the police authority to explain its stance as to why the petitioner has been implicated in the whole proceedings of the Crime No. 62/2022.
7.4. To allow the petition with costs.
7.5. To issue or pass any such orders or direction as this Hon. Court may deem fit to pass in the matter in hand.
2. Brief facts of the case necessary for the disposal of present petition are as hereunder :--
i. Petitioner is a proprietor of the proprietor firm named as M/s. Agrawal Soya Extracts Pvt Ltd carrying out its business of trade of Soya beans seeds and Soya De-Oiled Cakes.
ii. On 11.8.2021, summon was issued to petitioner herein by Respondent No. 5 under section 70 of GST Act, 2017 read with section 174 of M.P GST Act, 2017 pursuant to which statements of petitioner were recorded.
iii. On 14.2.2022, Respondent No. 5 in exercise of power conferred under section 67(2) of GST Act, 2017, conducted search and seizure operations on the premises of M/s. Shreenath Soya Exim Corporate and prepared inspection report dated 4.7.2022 in which it has been alleged that M/s. Shreenath Soya Exim Corporate was bogus firm and fraudulently registered, which issued invoice/bill without supply of goods/services leading to wrongful availment or utilization of input tax credit/refund of tax.
iv. Complaint dated 25.12.2022 was made by Respondent No.5 to Respondent No. 6, on the basis of which FIR No. 62/2022 under section(s) 420, 467, 468, 471 of IPC was registered by Respondent No. 6 on 26.12.2022 against M/s. Shreenath Soya Exim Corporate’s proprietor Sachin Pateria in which petitioner has been implicated later on, on the basis of memorandum under section 27 of Evidence Act.
v. Aggrieved of the same, petitioner has approached this Court.
3. Learned Counsel for the Petitioner has submitted that GST Act, 2017 is a complete code which provides for procedure to be adopted by GST Authorities, penalties in case of breach of provisions of GST Act and punishment for offences committed under GST Act. It is further submitted that admittedly in the case at hand, search and seizure perations conducted by GST Authorities under section 67(2) of GST Act revealed commission of offence which is punishable under section 132 of GST Act and hence, GST being a special statute, any offence which is squarely covered by the GST Act, provisions of IPC could not have been invoked without invoking the provisions of GST Act and hence registration of FIR at the instance of GST Authorities under provisions of Indian Penal Code without invoking penal provisions under GST Act is bad in law and the FIR and consequential proceedings are liable to be quashed on this ground. It is further submitted that section 132(6) of GST Act requires previous sanction of the Commissioner before a person can be prosecuted for offences committed under section 132 of GST Act and GST Authorities in order to bypass such procedural safeguard have gotten FIR registered under the penal provisions of IPC without invoking penal provisions under GST Act which cannot be permitted and hence on this ground also, FIR and consequential proceedings are liable to be quashed. In support of his submission, Learned Counsel for the petitioner has placed reliance on judgment of hon’ble apex Court in Sharat Babu Digumarti v. Government (NCT of Delhi) 2017 (2) SCC 18.
4. Per Contra, Learned Counsel for Respondents has submitted that o
GST authorities must follow procedural safeguards under the GST Act for prosecution, including obtaining prior sanction, and cannot invoke IPC provisions without adhering to GST procedures.
The special provisions of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 prevail over the provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure, allowing for simultaneous adjudication and prosecution. The court....
A show cause notice issued under the GST Act based on an investigation by an improper officer is invalid and must be set aside.
The main legal point established in the judgment is that for an offence to be cognizable and non-bailable under the CGST Act, the input tax credit wrongly availed must exceed Rs.5 crores. Additionall....
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