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IN THE HIGH COURT OF MADHYA PRADESH
Ashish Shroti, J.
Abhishek Sharma (Dr.) v. The State of Madhya Pradesh & Others
Writ Petition No. 24096 of 2024 (Gwalior);
Decided on 14.7.2025
(1) Educational Service -- condition of execution of bond -- condition to serve up to age of 65 years or for period of 3 years from date of appointment, whichever is earlier, stipulated in advertisement for appointment -- petitioner applied and accepted appointment -- was aware of condition right from date of making application -- it cannot be said that he was under compulsion while executing bond -- respondents justified in asking him to execute bond before payment of salary. 2024 (2) JLJ 200 = 2024 (2) MPLJ 198 (FB) distinguished. [Paras 10 & 11
(2) Estoppel -- bond is a contract between employer and employee -- both are bound by terms thereof -- petitioner, by executing bond, undertook to continue up to age of 65 years or for period of 3 years, whichever is earlier -- now he cannot be allowed to step back from such condition -- he is bound by terms of his appointment order and terms of bond executed by him willingly. AIR 1986 SC 1571 distinguished. [Para 12
(3) Appointment -- condition of execution of bond -- if rules are silent, employer can always prescribe additional qualification/conditions for appointment -- it cannot be said that college exceeded its jurisdiction in making execution of bond a condition for appointment. (2019) 8 SCC 604 followed. [Para 12
(4) Educational Service -- condition of execution of bond -- petitioner accepted condition to serve College as Associate Professor up to age of 65 years or for period of 3 years from date of appointment, whichever is earlier -- executed bond -- performed duties for about three years -- thereafter, College advertised for appointment on post of Professor by way of direct recruitment -- same condition stipulated in advertisement -- petitioner applied and accepted appointment -- submission of petitioner is that his appointment on post of Professor was in continuation of his appointment as Associate Professor and since he has already served for three years, he cannot be asked to execute fresh bond for 3 years -- held -- petitioner's appointment on post of Associate Professor was independent of his subsequent appointment on post of Professor -- he was appointed as Professor by virtue of fresh advertisement -- he submitted resignation from post of Associate Professor before accepting new post of Professor -- petitioner's contention that since he has already served bond period for three years as Associate Professor, he cannot be asked to furnish fresh bond for post of Professor, cannot be accepted. [Para 13
(5) Constitution of India -- Art. 226 -- parity -- service -- condition of execution of bond -- different autonomous colleges can have different conditions for appointment -- condition of appointment cannot be challenged unless it is shown to be in contravention of any statutory provision -- M. P. Autonomous Medical College Educational Model Service Rules, 2018 silent on this aspect -- therefore, condition of execution of bond for appointment not illegal. [Para 14
(6) Educational Service -- condition of execution of bond -- petitioner accepted condition to serve College as Associate Professor up to age of 65 years or for period of 3 years from date of appointment, whichever is earlier -- executed bond -- performed duties for about three years -- thereafter, College advertised for appointment on post of Professor by way of direct recruitment -- same condition stipulated in advertisement -- petitioner applied and accepted appointment -- submission of petitioner is that bond to be executed is for institution and not for particular post, therefore, he cannot be asked to execute fresh bond for 3 years -- held -- as per Cl. 4 of advertisement, bond is to be executed pursuant to appointment on particular post -- previous service rendered by incumbent in same institution would be of no relevance for purposes of fresh appointment. 2025 SCC Online SC 1107 followed. 2016 Supreme (Del.) 3171 and Superintendence Co. AIR 1980 SC 1717 distinguished. [Para 15
(7) Educational Service -- condition of execution of bond -- reduction in amount of bond -- bond is a contract between petitioner and College -- conditions of bond are indivisible and inseparable -- amount payable by petitioner on account of breach of terms of contract cannot be reduced -- College is autonomous body and cannot resort to private or ad hoc appointments through private contracts -- untimely resignation would require College to undertake expensive recruitment process -- for this reason also, consequences of breach of terms of appointment order cannot be relaxed. [Para 22
¼1½ 'kS{kf.kd lsok && ca/ki= ds fu"iknu dh 'krZ && fu;qfä ds fy, foKkiu esa 65 o"kZ dh o; rd ;k fu;qfä ds fnukad ls 3 o"kZ dh vof/k rd tks Hkh igys gks] lsok djus dh 'krZ vuqcaf/kr && ;kph us vkosnu fd;k vkSj fu;qfä Lohdkj dh && vkosnu ds fnukad ls gh 'krZ ds ckjs esa Kkr Fkk && ;g ugha dgk tk ldrk fd ca/ki= fu"ikfnr djrs le; og foo'k Fkk && osru ds lank; ds iwoZ çR;FkhZx.k }kjk mlls ca/ki= fu"ikfnr djus ds fy, dgk tkuk U;k;ksfprA 2024 ¼2½ ts,yts 200 ¾ 2024 ¼2½ ,eih,yts 198 ¼iw.kZ U;k;ihB½ çHksfnrA [iSjk 10 ,oa 11
¼2½ foca/k && ca/ki= fu;kstd vkSj deZpkjh ds e/; lafonk gksrk gS && nksuksa mlds fuca/kuksa ls vkc) gksrs gSa && ;kph us ca/ki= fu"ikfnr dj] 65 o"kZ dh o; rd ;k fu;qfä ds fnukad ls 3 o"kZ dh vof/k rd tks Hkh igys gks] dk;Z djrs jgus dk opu fn;k && vc mls bl 'krZ ls ihNs gVus ugha fn;k tk ldrk && og vius fu;qfä vkns'k ds fuca/kuksa ls rFkk mlds }kjk jtkeanh ls fu"ikfnr fd, x, ca/ki= ds fuca/kuksa ls vkc) gSA ,vkbvkj 1986 ,llh 1571 çHksfnrA [iSjk 12
¼3½ fu;qfDr && ca/ki= ds fu"iknu dh 'krZ && fu;e ekSu gksa rks fu;kstd fu;qfä ds fy, vfrfjä vgZrk,¡@'krsaZ fofgr dj gh ldrk gS && ;g ugha dgk tk ldrk fd egkfo|ky; us fu;qfä ds fy, ca/ki= ds fu"iknu dh 'krZ j[k dj viuh vf/kdkfjrk dk vfrya?ku fd;kA ¼2019½ 8 ,llhlh 604 vuqlfjrA [iSjk 12
¼4½ 'kS{kf.kd lsok && ca/ki= ds fu"iknu dh 'krZ && ;kph us egkfo|ky; esa 65 o"kZ dh o; rd ;k fu;qfä ds fnukad ls 3 o"kZ dh vof/k rd tks Hkh igys gks] lg-vkpk;Z ds :i esa dk;Z djus dh 'krZ Lohdkj dh && ca/ki= fu"ikfnr fd;k && yxHkx rhu o"kZ rd drZO;ksa dk ikyu fd;k && rRi'pkr~ egkfo|ky; us lhèkh HkrhZ ls vkpk;Z ds in ij fu;qfä ds fy, foKkiu fn;k && foKkiu esa ;gh 'krZ vuqcaf/kr && ;kph us vkosnu fd;k vkSj fu;qfä Lohdkj dh && ;kph dk fuosnu gS fd vkpk;Z ds in ij mldh fu;qfä lg-vkpk;Z ds :i esa mldh fu;qfä dh fujarjrk esa Fkh rFkk] D;ksafd og rhu o"kZ dh lsok igys gh dj pqdk gS] mls 3 o"kZ ds fy, uohu ca/ki= fu"ikfnr djus ds fy, ugha dgk tk ldrk && vfHkfu/kkZfjr && lg-vkpk;Z ds in ij ;kph dh fu;qfä vkpk;Z ds in ij mldh ijorhZ fu;qfä ls Lora= Fkh && mls uohu foKkiu ls vkpk;Z fu;qä fd;k x;k Fkk && mlus vkpk;Z dk u;k in Lohdkj djus ds iwoZ lg-vkpk;Z ds in ls R;kxi= ns fn;k Fkk && ;kph dk ;g ladFku Lohdkj ugha fd;k tk ldrk fd og lg-vkpk;Z ds :i esa ca/ki= dh rhu o"kZ dh vof/k ds fy, dk;Z dj pqdk gS blfy, mls vkpk;Z ds in ds fy, uohu ca/ki= nsus ds fy, ugha dgk tk ldrkA [iSjk 13
¼5½ Hkkjr dk lafo/kku && vuq- 226 && lkE;k && lsok && ca/ki= ds fu"iknu dh 'krZ && fu;qfä ds fy, fHkUu Lo'kklh egkfo|ky;ksa dh fHkUu 'krsaZ gks ldrh gSa && fu;qfä dh 'krZ ij rc rd vk{ksi ugha fd;k tk ldrk tc rd fd ;g ugha n'kkZ;k tk, fd mlls fdlh dkuwuh mica/k dk mYya?ku gksrk gS && e- ç- Lo'kklh fpfdRlk egkfo|ky; 'kS{kf.kd vkn'kZ lsok fu;e] 2018 bl igyw ij ekSu && vr%] fu;qfä ds fy, ca/ki= ds fu"iknu dh 'krZ voS/k ughaA [iSjk 14
¼6½ 'kkS{kf.kd lsok && ca/ki= ds fu"iknu dh 'krZ && ;kph us egkfo|ky; esa 65 o"kZ dh o; rd ;k fu;qfä ds fnukad ls 3 o"kZ dh vof/k rd tks Hkh igys gks] lg-vkpk;Z ds :i esa dk;Z djus dh 'krZ Lohdkj dh && ca/ki= fu"ikfnr fd;k && yxHkx rhu o"kZ rd drZO;ksa dk ikyu fd;k && rRi'pkr~ egkfo|ky; us lhèkh HkrhZ ls vkpk;Z ds in ij fu;qfä ds fy, foKkiu fn;k && foKkiu esa ;gh 'krZ vuqcaf/kr && ;kph us vkosnu fd;k vkSj fu;qfä Lohdkj dh && ;kph dk fuosnu gS fd ca/ki= laLFkk ds fy, fu"ikfnr fd;k tkuk gS] fdlh fof'k"V in ds fy, ugha] vr%- mls 3 o"kZ ds fy, uohu ca/ki= fu"ikfnr djus ds fy, ugha dgk tk ldrk && vfHkfu/kkZfjr && foKkiu ds [kaM 4 ds vuqlkj] ca/ki= ml fof'k"V in ij fu;qfä ds vuqlj.k esa fu"ikfnr fd;k tkuk gS && in/kkjh }kjk iwoZ esa mlh laLFkk esa nh xbZ lsok uohu fu;qfä ds ç;kstukFkZ çklafxd ughaA 2025 ,llhlh v‚uykbu ,llh 1107 vuqlfjrA 2016 lqçhe ¼fnYyh½ 3171 rFkk ,vkbvkj 1980 ,llh 1717 çHksfnrA [iSjk 15
¼7½ 'kkS{kf.kd lsok && ca/ki= ds fu"iknu dh 'krZ && ca/ki= dh jde esa dVkSrh && ca/ki= ;kph vkSj egkfo|ky; ds e/; lafonk gS && ca/ki= dh 'krsaZ vfoHkkT; vkSj vi`FkDdj.kh; gSa && lafonk ds fuca/kuksa ds Hkax ds dkj.k ;kph }kjk lans; jde de ugha dh tk ldrh && egkfo|ky; Lo'kklh fudk; gS rFkk çkbosV lafonkvksa ds ek/;e ls çkbosV ;k rnFkZ fu;qfä;ksa dk vkJ; ugha ys ldrk && vle; R;kxi= fn, tkus ls egkfo|ky; dks cM+h ykxr dh HkrhZ çfØ;k djuk gksxh && bl dkj.k ls Hkh] fu;qfä vkns'k ds fuca/kuksa ds Hkax ds ifj.kkeksa dks f'kfFky ugha fd;k tk ldrkA ¼iSjk 22
ORDER :
1. The petitioner has filed this writ petition praying for setting aside of the second bond which has been executed by him. He has also prayed for a direction to respondents to give him NOC and relieve him from the bond conditions.
2. The facts necessary for decision of this case are that the petitioner was initially appointed as Associate Professor (Bio-Chemistry) vide order dated 6.4.2018 in the Govt. Medical College, Datia (for brevity 'College'). As per Clause 3 of the said appointment order, the petitioner was required to serve the College up to the age of 65 years or for a period of 3 years from the date of appointment, whichever is earlier. He was required to execute a properly stamped bond in this regard. It is also mentioned in the said clause that on violation of its condition, the petitioner would be required to pay amount equal to one year salary.
3. The petitioner performed his duties as Associate Professor for about three years. The College, thereafter, invited applications for appointment on the post of Professor by way of direct recruitment vide advertisement, dated 17.9.2022, (Annexure P/2). Clause 4 of the advertisement under heading “vU; 'krsZa ”—, provides for the similar condition of execution of bond, giving an undertaking to continue on the post up to the age of 65 years or for a period of three years from the date of appointment. Clause 4 being relevant is reproduced hereunder :--
^^vkosnd dk p;u gksus ij mls 65 o"kZ dh mez vFkok fu;qfDr fnukad ls 03 o"kZ] tks Hkh igys gks rd lacaf/kr] 'kkldh; fpfdRlk egkfo|ky; esa lsok;sa nsuh gksaxhA vkosnd dks bl ckcr lE;d~ :i ls LVkafir ,d ckaM fu;qDr ds le; Hkjuk gksuk ,oa 'krZ ds mYya?ku ij mls 1 o"kZ ds osru@ekuns; ds cjkcj dh jkf'k egkfo|ky; dks pqdkuh gksxhAß
4. Pursuant to the aforesaid advertisement, the petitioner applied for, selected and appointed as Professor (Bio-Chemistry) vide order, dated 27.12.2022, (Annexure P/3). Clause 3 of the appointment order again stipulated the condition for execution of bond. The same is reproduced hereunder:-
^^vkidh lsok,¡ fdlh Hkh le; 'kkldh; fpfdRlk egkfo|ky;] nfr;k }kjk ,d ekg dk uksfVl nsdj vFkok mlds ,ot esa ,d ekg dk osru rFkk HkÙks nsdj lekIr dh tk ldrh gSA p;fur vH;FkhZ dks 65 o"kZ dh mez vFkok fu;qfDr fnukad ls 03 o"kZ] tks igys gks rd] 'kkldh; fpfdRlk egkfo|ky;] nfr;k esa lsok;sa nsuk vfuok;Z gksxhA vkosnd dks bl ckcr lE;d~ :i ls LVkafir ,d ckaM fu;qfDr ds le; Hkjuk gksxk ,oa bl 'krZ ds mYya?ku ij mls ,d o"kZ ds osru@ekuns; ds cjkcj dh jkf'k egkfo|ky; dks pqdkuh gksxhA blds mijkar gh lacaf/kr dks fjyho fd;k tk ldsxkA lacaf/kr O;fDr }kjk ,d o"kZ dk osru rFkk HkÙks dk Hkqxrku fd;s fcuk lsok NksM+us ij mDr 'krks± ds varxZr ,d o"kZ ds osru rFkk HkÙks ds cjkcj ns; jkf'k lacaf/kr O;fDr ls Hkw&jktLo dh cdk;k dh Hkakfr olwyh ;ksX; gksxhA^^
5. Accordingly, in compliance of clause 3 of the appointment order, the petitioner executed the bond which is placed on record as Annexure R/4 alongwith the return filed by respondents. The aforesaid facts are not in dispute between the parties.
6. It appears that the petitioner got better carrier opportunity in relation to which he was required to relinquish the assignment of the post of Professor in the respondent College. He was required to deposit amount in compliance with Clause 3 of his appointment order. To avoid this, he filed the present petition challenging Clause 3 of the order of appointment dated 27.12.2022. It is his submission that since he has already served the college for a period of 3 years as Associate Professor, he cannot be asked to execute a fresh bond while his appointment as Professor. He further submitted that the aforesaid condition is dehors the rules inasmuch as the relevant rules do not stipulate such a condition.
7. The learned counsel for the petitioner reiterated the grounds raised in the writ petition. He submitted that in other autonomous colleges, like college at Khandwa and Ratlam, there is no such condition imposed while appointment on the
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