2014 Supreme(Manipur) 159
IN THE HIGH COURT OF MANIPUR AT IMPHAL
N.Kotiswar Singh, J.
Meinam Ongbi Bina Devi - Appellant
Versus
State of Manipur - Resopndent
Writ Petition (C) No. 304 of 2004
Decided On : 15-12-2014
Important Points
Subject
Civil Law - Tort Law
Act Referred
CONSTITUTION OF INDIA : Art.20, Art.21
CRIMINAL PROCEDURE CODE : S.357(a), S.357(b)
INDIAN PENAL CODE : S.376
Headnote
Rape - Liability of Employers - Army Act, 1950, Section 70 - Summary General Court Martial - Vicarious Liability - Public Law Remedies - Compensation
Fact of the Case:
The petitioner sought compensation for being raped by a personnel of the 12 Assam Rifles. The respondent No. 5 was convicted by the Summary General Court Martial and sentenced to imprisonment. The respondents contested the liability for compensation, citing Article 20 of the Constitution and vicarious liability.
Finding of the Court:
The Court found that the respondent No. 5's act of rape was connected to his employment, as he was deemed to be in active service under the Army Act. The Court held the respondents vicariously liable for the rape and awarded the petitioner Rs. 2 lakhs as compensation, in addition to the amount under the Manipur Victim Compensation Scheme, 2011.
Issues: The issues involved the liability of the respondents for compensation, considering the conviction of the respondent No. 5 and the application of vicarious liability.
Ratio Decidendi: The Court applied the principle of vicarious liability under public law domain, holding the respondents liable for the employee's tortious act. It also considered the heinous nature of rape and the violation of fundamental rights under Article 21 of the Constitution.
Final Decision: The writ petition was allowed, directing the respondents to pay Rs. 2 lakhs to the petitioner, in addition to Rs. 20,000 under the Manipur Victim Compensation Scheme, 2011.
For the Petitioner:Ch. Ngongo, Advocate.
For the Respondents: S. Rupachandra, ASG.
N. Kotiswar Singh, J.
1. Heard Mr. Ch. Ngongo, learned counsel for the petitioner and Mr. S. Rupachandra, learned Asstt. Solicitor General for the respondents.
2. The present writ petition has been filed seeking for a direction for payment of compensation of 10(ten) lakhs on account of the petitioner being raped by a personnel of the 12 Assam Rifles at Mantripukhri on 6.10.2001.
3. Facts of the case in brief, as narrated by the petitioner, are that while the petitioner was inside her small hut along with her husband, preparing the evening meal, at around 7.00 pm, they heard the sound of a gun shot. Being apprehensive of trouble, both the petitioner and her husband remained inside the hut, which is located adjacent to the western compound wall of 12 Assam Rifles at Mantripukhri. All of a sudden, while they were inside, an armed personnel of the Assam Rifles in civilian dress (the Respondent no. 5 herein) banged upon their door and forcibly entered the house. He caught hold of the hand of the petitioner and dragged her out. When her husband tried to resist the said forcible act, he was hit by the rifle butt by the petitioner. When the sister-in-law of the petitioner, who also stays nearby, rushed to help her, she was also hit by the said personnel. Thereafter, the petitioner was dragged into a bush near a pond where the Respondent no. 5 committed rape on her. While he was perpetrating the crime, some other personnel of the Assam Rifle jumped across the wall shouting "Ram Singh" "Ram Singh" and the said personnel was caught red-handed by the other personnel and taken away.
The next day, the petitioner's husband filed a complaint under section 376 IPC and 27 Arms Act before the Heingang Police Station regarding the said incident. After lodging of the FIR, the respondent no. 5 was arrested by the police from the campus of 12 Assam Rifles Battalion and was produced before the learned Chief Judicial Magistrate, Imphal on 8.10.2001 who was remanded to police custody for four days and was thereafter remanded to judicial custody by the Court.
The petitioner further stated that on 30.10.2001, one Captain K. Rama Krishnan of 25th Assam Rifles I.C. No. 52928-Y filed a Criminal Misc. Application, which was registered as Cril. Misc. Case No. 100 of 2001 before the Court of Chief Judicial Magistrate, Imphal praying for custody of the accused under the provisions of the Army Act, 1950 along with relevant case file and documents for proceeding in a Court Martial under Army Act. After considering the matter, the learned CJM vide order dated 30.10.2001 handed over the accused person along with the relevant case file and documents to the Assam Rifles.
It has been stated that after completing summary evidences and other procedure for the Court Martial under Army Act, a Summary General Court Martial (hereinafter referred to SGCM) was ordered against the accused which was conducted at 20th Assam Rifles Somrai, Ukhrul in which both the petitioner and her husband gave their evidences.
The petitioner further stated that a press release of PIB Defence Wing was issued on 2nd November, 2003, in the local dailies, in which it was confirmed that the accused, the Respondent no. 5 was found guilty of rape and was convicted by the SGCM and was sentenced to seven years rigorous imprisonment.
4. On the basis of such conviction, the present writ petition has been filed seeking for damages for violating the modesty of the petitioner as well as her right to life as guaranteed under Article 21 of the Constitution of India by the Respondent no. 5 and claiming an amount of Rs. 10 lakhs as compensation against the respondents.
5. The respondents have filed their respective affidavits-in-opposition resisting the writ petition. In the affidavit-in-opposition filed on behalf of the Assam Rifles respondent Nos. 2 to 4, it has been admitted that one rifleman/General Duty, Ram Singh Rawant (No. 2501528Y) (the Respondent no. 5) committed the offence of rape and he was convicted