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2025 Supreme(Telangana) 125

IN THE HIGH COURT FOR THE STATE OF TELANGANA AT HYDERABAD
G.RADHA RANI, J.
Burri Kanakamma - Appellant
Versus
Chittaluri Murali And Others - Respondent
Civil Revision Petition No.3023 of 2019
Decided On : 09-06-2025

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant : MOHAMMED IMRAN KHAN
For the Respondent: P C ARAVINDA BABU

In injunction suits, possession is the key issue, not title; Advocate Commissioners cannot be used primarily to collect evidence on disputed possession.

Headnote:(A) Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 - Order XXVI Rule 9 - Civil suit for perpetual injunction regarding possession of agricultural land - Application for appointment of Advocate Commissioner for measuring the land and fixing boundaries was wrongly allowed, as it aims to gather evidence on disputed possession and title, contrary to established legal principles. (Paras 4, 11, 12)

(B) Principle of law - In injunction suits, possession is the focal point, not title; Advocate Commissioners cannot be appointed primarily to collect evidence or resolve questions of title or possession. (Paras 11, 12)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner filed a suit for injunction against the defendants claiming possession of agricultural land based on a registered sale deed, while the defendants asserted possession through an unregistered sale deed. The trial court allowed the defendants' application for an Advocate Commissioner to investigate possession, which led to this revision petition.

Findings of Court:
The Court found the lower court's order erroneous as the appointment of an Advocate Commissioner was misused to gather evidence on a disputed question of possession and not justified by the petitioner's claims.

Issues: The main issues were whether an Advocate Commissioner can be appointed in a suit for injunction and the implications of the defendants' unregistered sale deed.

Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that the appointment of an Advocate Commissioner was inappropriate as nothing warranted a local investigation for possession, reiterating the established principle that such appointments should not serve as a means to resolve title disputes.

Result: Civil Revision Petition allowed, and the trial court's order was set aside.

Table of Content
1. overview of the case facts and parties involved. (Para 1 , 6)
2. claim of possession over agricultural land. (Para 2 , 3)
3. arguments against the appointment of advocate commissioner. (Para 4 , 8)
4. trial court's observations on the advocate commissioner's role. (Para 5 , 10)
5. possession is the primary consideration for injunction. (Para 11)
6. trial court's order regarding the scope of the suit. (Para 12)
7. conclusion to set aside the trial court's order. (Para 13)

ORDER :

G.RADHA RANI, J.

This Civil Revision Petition is filed by the petitioner - plaintiff aggrieved by the order dated 21.08.2019 passed in I.A.No.289 of 2018 in I.A.No.196 of 2018 in O.S.No.87 of 2018 by the learned Principal Junior Civil Judge, Kodad.

2. O.S.No.87 of 2018 is filed by the petitioner - plaintiff seeking the relief of perpetual injunction restraining the defendants from interfering with her possession and enjoyment over the suit schedule property. The suit schedule property was an agricultural land to an extent of Ac.6-12.80 guntas in Survey No.41/1 situated at Kalakova Village of Munagala Mandal, Suryapet District with specific boundaries. Along with the suit, the petitioner - plaintiff filed I.A.No.196 of 2018 seeking temporary injunction. The defendants made their appearance and filed their written statement in the suit as well as counter in I.A.No.196 of 2018. At the time of hearing of the I.A, after the arguments were submitted by the counsel representing the petitioner - plaintiff, the respondents - defendants filed I.A.No.289 of 2018 under Order XXVI Rule 9 read with Section 151 of CPC for appointment of an Advocate Commissioner to note the physical features and to measure the entire suit survey numbers in between the petitioners and the respondent and to fix boundary stones with the aid and assistance of the Mandal Surveyor.

3. Their contention was that one Sri Gundu Venkaiah was the Pattadar for an extent of Ac.11-92 guntas in Survey No.41 at Kalakova Village, Munagala Mandal. The father of the defendants purchased an extent of Ac.6-00 guntas out of total extent of Ac.11-92 guntas in the above survey numbers from Sri Gundu Venkaiah on 31.01.1981 through unregistered sale deed and had taken physical possession of the land. The trees aged more than 35 years stand as a distinct boundary between the land in possession of the defendants and the plaintiff. The land of the respondent - plaintiff was located on the northern side of the trees and the land of the defendants was located on the southern side of the trees and prayed to appoint an Advocate Commissioner with the above reliefs.

4. The plaintiff filed her counter in the above petition contending that the petition filed for appointment of an Advocate Commissioner was not maintainable on the facts of the case or as per law. The said petition was filed only to drag on the matter in I.A.No.196 of 2018. After submitting her arguments and marking the documents on her behalf in the said I.A., the defendants came up with the false petition without submitting their arguments in I.A.No.196 of 2018. The neem trees aged 10 to 25 years were located in the suit property purchased by her through a registered sale deed. The trees standing as distinct boundary between the lands in possession of the plaintiff and defendants was a false story. The suit property was purchased by the plaintiff from the original owner late Gundu Venkaiah and his sons for a valuable consideration with specific boundaries on all sides and the said document was marked as Ex.P1 in I.A.No.196 of 2018. The same was not denied by the defendants. In the year 1987, when the plaintiff purchased the property from the original owner, it was clearly mentioned that at the southern side was the agricultural land of the vendor i.e. late Gundu Venkaiah . The notarised affidavits of the sons of late Gundu Venkaiah were also filed. The petitioners - defendants had no legal claim or right or possession over the suit property. The r

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