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2026 Supreme(All) 478

HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT ALLAHABAD LUCKNOW
RAJEEV SINGH, J. 
Ram Chander Yadav - Applicant
Versus
State of U.P. Thru. Prin. Secy. Home Deptt., Lko. And Another – Respondents 
APPLICATION U/s 482 No. - 9838 of 2022, CRIMINAL REVISION No. - 367 of 2023
Decided On : 04-05-2026

Advocates Appeared:
For the Applicant : Salil Kumar Srivastava, Rahul Srivastava
For the Respondent: G.A., Indu Prakash Singh

The withdrawal of criminal prosecution under Section 321 Cr.P.C. requires the Public Prosecutor to act independently in the interest of justice, and while the court has the final authority to consent, it must ensure the withdrawal is based on valid public policy and not extraneous political considerations.

Headnote:The case involves a challenge to an order rejecting an application for the withdrawal of criminal prosecution under Section 321 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (Cr.P.C.). The applicant, an elected representative, was implicated in a criminal case stemming from a communal incident during a religious procession, despite having been acquitted in a prior related matter. The State Government moved for withdrawal of the prosecution, which the trial court repeatedly rejected on procedural grounds regarding the Public Prosecutor's involvement. The court addressed whether the trial court correctly evaluated the Public Prosecutor’s application for withdrawal. It held that while the Public Prosecutor acts as an officer of the court and must exercise independent judgment, the court's role is to ensure the withdrawal serves the interest of justice and is not an abuse of process. The ratio decidendi emphasizes that Section 321 Cr.P.C. empowers the Executive to withdraw cases for broader public interest, social harmony, and the maintenance of justice, provided the application is made in good faith without political motivation. The court allowed the application, set aside the trial court's order dated 16.12.2022, and permitted the withdrawal of the prosecution.

Table of Content
1. procedural background and factual allegations regarding the criminal case and the withdrawal application. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7)
2. the scope of section 321 cr.p.c. and the role of the public prosecutor in withdrawing cases. (Para 8)
3. court's assessment of the public prosecutor's good faith and the validity of the withdrawal application. (Para 9 , 10)
4. final determination to allow the application for withdrawal of prosecution. (Para 11 , 12)

JUDGMENT :

RAJEEV SINGH, J. 

1. Heard Sri Salil Kumar Srivastava, learned Senior Counsel assisted by Sri Kanishk Sinha, learned counsel for the applicant, Sri V.K. Shahi, learned Additional Advocate General and Dr. V.K. Singh, learned Govt. Advocate appearing for the State and Sri I.P. Singh, learned Senior Counsel assisted by Sri Vijay Kumar Verma, learned counsel for the complainant.

2. The present application has been filed with the following prayer :-

"WHEREFORE, it is most respectfully prayed that this Hon'ble Court may graciously be pleased to pass an order thereby quashing the order dated order dated 16.12.2022 passed by Special Judge (MP/MLA)/Additional District Judge, Court No. 3, Faizabad in S.T. No. 8032/2017 whereby the application U/s 321 Cr.P.C. for withdrawal of criminal prosecution has been rejected and non-bailable warrant of arrest against the present petitioner has been ordered to be issued pertaining to Case Crime No. 1015 of 2012 U/s 147, 148, 149, 307, 332, 333, 353, 336, 435, 504, 506, 120-B, 295 IPC & Section 7 of Criminal Law Amendment Act & Section 3/4 Prevention of Damage to Public Property Act, 1984, P.S. Rudauli, District Faizabad (now Ayodhya) and also to quash the impugned charge-sheet and the entire proceedings of the aforesaid case and/or any other appropriate order or direction which this Hon'ble court may deem just fit and proper under the circumstances of the case may also kindly be passed in order to meet the ends of Justice."

3. The Criminal Revision is also filed challenging the order dated 16.12.2022 passed in S.T. No.8032 of 2017.

4. Since, both the cases challenged the same order, therefore, both the cases are hereby decided by this common order.

5. As per the prosecution case, on 24.10.2012 at about 01:00 p.m., a number of tractors carrying the Idol for immersion were standing in front of gate of the Police Station, Rudauli, Ayodhya. A rally of people was also proceeding for the immersion of Idols by playing music and beating drum, etc, which resulted into traffic congestion. At the same time, the S.H.O. of the area in question along with the police force reached on the spot and instructed the drivers of tractors to move forward, upon which, he was informed that the immersion process was not taking place at the village Albana and thereafter, the applicant, who was a Member of the Legislative Assembly of the area in question had informed them that they should halt there by keeping the Idols till he reached in front of the Police Station. Though the S.H.O., tryied to convince them to move forward, but they denied for the same due to which huge crowd gathered there. Thereafter, at about 2:20 p.m., when the applicant reached there, he was also requested by the S.H.O., upon which, the applicant told that when the devotees were passing by a mosque, unfortunately, color was put on a boy belonging to other community, who started abusing and quarreling with the people who were in procession and in that incident an Idol was also broken at Village Albana.

It is further alleged in the F.I.R. that applicant also gave aggressive statements that "don't move until and unless the culprits are punished". However, later on, movement of tractors were started on the advice of the applicant with the instruction that they shall again create jam at Paudhshala. The S.H.O. along with his companions and one Section of P.A.C. also started moving towards the Village Belsar and when they reached near Hindu Inter College, the information about the incident

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