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2026 Supreme(Mad) 358

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
T. VINOD KUMAR, J.
Dr. A. Rajalakshmi - Petitioner
Versus 
The Director Of Collegiate Education – Respondent 
W.P.No.6385 of 2021, WMP.Nos.6993 & 25727 of 2021, 30115 of 2023, 6445 of 2024, 50377 of 2025
Decided On : 30-01-2026

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner: Mr.R.Bharadwaja Ramasubramaniam For Vivrti law
For the Respondent:Mr.Vadivelu Deenadayalan, Agp, Dr.Fr.Xavier Arulraj, Sr.Advocate For Xavier Associates, Mr.P.C.Hari Kumar

The court held that the appointment of an Assistant Professor without possessing a Ph.D. qualification violated UGC Regulations and lacked transparency, warranting a fresh selection process.

Headnote:(A) UGC Regulations, 2018 - Requirement of Ph.D qualification for Assistant Professor appointments - Petitioner challenged the selection of the 4th respondent for Assistant Professor post in Zoology against UGC regulations citing lack of qualifications and transparency in the process - It was argued that the appointment of the 4th respondent was made contrary to UGC Guidelines, authorized by the Directorate of College Education. (Paras 2-8, 26-44)

(B) Legal standing of a minority institution - The court observed that minority institutions have rights regarding the administration including appointing candidates of choice under Article 30 of the Constitution. (Paras 12-13)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner contended that the 4th respondent was appointed as an Assistant Professor despite lacking a Ph.D. qualification, contrary to the UGC Regulations, following an advertisement for the position. The petitioner alleged improper selection processes regarding the 4th respondent's appointment.

Findings of Court:
The appointment of the 4th respondent was held invalid under UGC Regulations and lacked transparency, leading to the determination that a fresh selection process was necessary.

Issues: The core issues included the validity of the selection process and adherence to UGC regulations regarding qualifications.

Ratio Decidendi: The Court ruled that the 3rd respondent's selection process was flawed due to a lack of adherence to UGC Regulations and that the 4th respondent's appointment did not comply with the necessary qualifications.

Result: The selection and appointment of the 4th respondent as Assistant Professor is set aside, requiring a fresh selection process.

Table of Content
1. initial appointment process overview (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5)
2. controversy over qualifications for appointment (Para 6 , 8 , 10 , 12 , 13)
3. selection committee procedure details (Para 14 , 15 , 16 , 17)
4. approval process for appointments (Para 18 , 19)
5. arguments concerning the rights of the minority institution (Para 20 , 21)
6. petitioner's claims on selection merit and process (Para 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26)
7. court's observations on legal validity of claims (Para 27 , 28 , 29)
8. rules on wait lists and their interpretations (Para 30 , 31 , 34)
9. rejection of informal communication claims (Para 35 , 36 , 37)
10. judicial precedent and its application to the case (Para 38 , 39 , 40)
11. court's substantive findings on fairness and transparency (Para 41 , 42 , 43)
12. final directives and orders of the court (Para 46 , 47)

ORDER :

T. VINOD KUMAR, J.

Heard the learned counsel for the petitioner, learned Additional Government Pleader for R1 and R2, learned senior counsel for R3 and the learned counsel appearing for R4 and perused the record.

2. The petitioner by the present writ petition has assailed the action of the 3rd respondent in selecting the 4th respondent to the post of Assistant Professor (Zoology) in the aided stream (for short 'aided') and the approval accorded by the 2nd respondent to the said selection as being contrary to UGC Regulations and also the selection process lacking transparency.

3. The petitioner contended that the 3rd respondent had caused an advertisement on 12.08.2019 in the news papers inviting applications from eligible women candidates for the post of Assistant Professor in Ten (10) subjects including Zoology, which appointment it was claimed is subject to approval by the Directorate of College Education being an aided post. As per the aforesaid advertisement caused, applications were to be submitted on or before 26.08.2019 to the Secretary of 3rd respondent College; and in the said advertisement it has been mentioned that the qualification for applying to the aforesaid post is as per UGC norms.

4. It is the further case of the petitioner that pursuant to the aforesaid advertisement caused by the 3rd respondent, she being already in employment with the 3rd respondent in the post of Assistant Professor (self financing stream) and being eligible had submitted her application on 22.08.2019; that in response to the aforesaid application submitted by her, had received an E-mail dated 17.10.2019 from the third respondent calling her to attend the interview; and that she had attended the interview held on 29.10.2019.

5. The petitioner further contended that after attending the interview on 29.10.2019, while she did not hear anything from the respondents with regard to the selection of any applicant for aforesaid post, however, noticed that the 4th respondent started signing the attendance register of the 3rd respondent.

6. It is further case of the petitioner that the 4th respondent did not possess Ph.D qualification as required under the UGC Regulations ; that she through her father sought for information under RTI Act with regard to the selection process, by which the 4th respondent was selected and also the minutes of the 3rd respondent selection committee; that on the 3rd respondent furnishing the skeleton information sought for by her father, she had learnt that the 3rd respondent had appointed the 4th respondent against the aforesaid vacancy notified contrary to the UGC Regulations , mandating the requirement of having Ph.D qualification for being appointed to the post of Assistant Professor; that the 4th respondent did not have the requisite qualification (i.e,) Ph.D on the date when she had applied to the aforesaid post; that the 4th respondent was only a student pursuing her Ph.D programme; and thus, the appointment of the 4th respondent is contrary to UGC Regulations , which the 3rd respondent is required to follow while selecting the candidates.

7. It is also the further case of the p

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