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2026 Supreme(Mad) 2263

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT MADRAS
ANITA SUMANTH, MUMMINENI SUDHEER KUMAR, JJ.
M. Ponniah – Petitioner
Versus
The Chief Secretary to Government, Government of Tamil Nadu, Secretariat Chennai – Respondent
WP(MD) No. 8435 of 2013 AND WMP(MD) Nos. 1, 2 and 3 of 2013
Decided On : 10-02-2026

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner: Mr. Nambi Aarooran for M/s. S. Ajmal Associates
For the Respondents:Mr. P. Anandakumar, Government Advocate, Mr. P.K. Rajagopal.

Reservation under the Persons with Disabilities Act is constitutionally mandated and cannot be denied due to post identification lapses; violations warrant legal remedy.

Headnote:(A) Constitution of India - Article 226 - Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995 - Section 33 - Non-provision of reservation for persons with disabilities in recruitment for District Judges despite prior mandate - The Court held that failure to provide 3% reservation constitutes a violation of constitutional rights, emphasizing that the identification of posts must not deny reservation benefits. The notification challenging earlier recruitment processes was deemed illegal, and the State was directed to ensure compliance with the existing laws henceforth. (Paras 51 and 56)

(B) Appeal - Judicial Review - The Court reaffirmed that prior judgments set a precedent for ensuring employment opportunities for persons with disabilities cannot be ignored. (Para 28)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner challenged the government notification issued on 01.05.2013 for not reserving 3% of District Judge vacancies for candidates with disabilities, despite previous case directives mandating such provisions. The petitioner suffered from a locomotive disability and participated in the selection process unsuccessfully.

Findings of Court:
The Court ruled that the 2013 notification was illegal due to the lack of provision for disability reservation and ordered the State to comply with previous mandates regarding disability inclusion in future selections.

Issues: Whether the notification of 01.05.2013 complied with the legal requirement for 3% reservation for disabled persons in District Judge recruitment and whether the post identification could be used as a reason to deny this reservation.

Ratio Decidendi: The Court established that laws mandating reservation for persons with disabilities must be followed, and identification of posts should not prevent their constitutional rights. Delay in implementing such provisions violates established legal guarantees, leading to the decision that prior selections must be honored but future selections must include reservation mandates.

Result: Writ Petition allowed with directions to comply with reservation expectations for disabled candidates in upcoming selections.

Table of Content
1. non-provision of reservation for pwd violates constitutional mandate. (Para 1 , 3 , 11)
2. arguments regarding non-selection of the petitioner based on procedural grounds. (Para 4 , 5 , 7 , 8)
3. importance of timely identification of posts for reservation under the pwd act. (Para 20 , 21 , 30 , 31)
4. court's directive for implementation of reservation in future selections. (Para 49 , 51 , 56)
5. court's decision on compensation due to contempt of its prior orders. (Para 52 , 53 , 55)

ORDER :

Anita Sumanth, J.

The petitioner is affected by Polio from the hip downwards, and suffers from locomotive disability. He had been a petitioner in W.P.(MD)No.1691 of 2011, where the challenge had been to G.O.Ms.No.16 Public (Special.A) Department dated 05.01.2011 on the ground that no reservation had been provided for the category of Persons with Disability (PwD). The petitioner had therein, sought a consequential direction for his appointment as District Judge (Entry level).

2. That Writ Petition had been taken up along with other Writ Petitions culminating in decision dated 11.03.2011, wherein the Division Bench, after hearing the rival contentions advanced, was of the opinion that they had to strike a balance in the situation. They took note of the Constitutional mandate for provision of reservation for PwD, noting simultaneously that the State Government had not identified the posts meant for reservation. In the ultimate analysis, they were of the view that it was not an appropriate case to disturb the selection of judges already made.

3. The Writ Petitions were thus dismissed making it clear that there shall be a provision for reservation of PwD in fulfillment of the constitutional mandate in the immediate next vacancy of District Judges subject to availability and suitability of the candidate. In the present Writ Petition, the challenge is to Notification dated 01.05.2013 along lines similar to the earlier Writ Petition, on the ground of no reservation having been provided for the category of PwD.

4. Mr.Nambi Aarooran, learned counsel who appears for the petitioner reiterates the relevant events leading to the institution of the earlier writ petition, stating that Notification dated 24.06.2010 had been issued calling for applications for appointment of 17 District Judges.

5. The petitioner had been aggrieved by the fact that there was no reservation provided for PwD as mandated under the Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of rights and full participation) Act 1995 (1995 Act), that provides for reservation of 3% to be provided for the category of PwD, and the State Rules.

6. The petitioner had participated in the process of selection, albeit unsuccessfully. He challenged his non-selection along with other unsuccessful candidates, and the Writ Petition had been dismissed, this Court directing R3 in conclusion, to ensure proper representation of persons in PwD category in the next selection.

7. The present Writ Petition assails the selection of District Judges (Entry level) pursuant to Notification dated 01.05.2013 (2013 Notification). The petitioner had applied for, and participated in the process of selection unsuccessfully, aggrieved by which, he has challenged the 2013 Notification and the selection process, on the ground that the selection had not been made in a transparent manner and was in violation of the constitutional mandate of providing opportunity for physically challenged persons in employment.

8. Mr.P.K.Rajagopal, learned counsel for the 3rd respondent, i.e., the Registrar General, High Court, would first argue that much water has flown under the bridge since the date of the impugned Notification. The process of selection was complete in 2014 and the appointees have been in service thereafter. Their services are without blemish and their position cannot be disturbed now.

9. While acceding to the position that 3% reservation has been ear-marked for PwD under the 1995 Act, Mr.Rajagopal draws our

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