SupremeToday Landscape Ad
Back
Next
Judicial Analysis Court Copy Headnote Facts Arguments Court observation
Listen Audio Icon Pause Audio Icon
judgment-img

2026 Supreme(MP) 748

IN THE HIGH COURT OF MADHYA PRADESH AT GWALIOR
MILIND RAMESH PHADKE, J.
Gurusharan Singh – Petitioner 
Versus 
The State Of Madhya Pradesh And Others – Respondents
MISC. Criminal Case No. 27099 of 2023
Decided On : 05-01-2026

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner:Shri Sanjay Kumar Sharma, Advocate
For the Respondents:Shri APS Tomar, Public Prosecutor, Shri Rajiv Sharma, Advocate along with Shri Quazi Suhail, Advocate.

Criminal proceedings under Section 482 CrPC may be quashed if they are filed with mala fide intent as a retaliatory counterblast, are based on inherently improbable allegations lacking corroboration, or result from a tainted investigation, to prevent abuse of the process of law.

Headnote:(A) Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 - Section 482 - Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Sections 376, 506, 341, 384 - Quashment of FIR - Criminal proceedings instituted with mala fide intention or as a retaliatory measure deserve to be quashed to prevent abuse of the process of law and to secure the ends of justice. (Paras 17, 20, 21)

(B) Delay in lodging FIR - In cases of sexual offences, while delay is not always fatal, an unexplained or unconvincing delay, particularly when the complainant continues her normal routine, materially affects the credibility of the prosecution story. (Para 16)

(C) Improbability of allegations - Where allegations are absurd, inherently improbable, or defy normal human conduct and lack contemporaneous complaint, medical evidence, or independent corroboration, the High Court is justified in quashing the proceedings. (Para 18)

(D) Tainted investigation - Possession and circulation of confidential statements recorded under Section 164 Cr.P.C. by the complainant demonstrates bias and collusion by the investigating agency, undermining the foundation of the criminal prosecution. (Para 19)

Facts of the case:
A petition was filed under Section 482 CrPC to quash an FIR alleging extortion and rape. The FIR was lodged eight months after the alleged incident. The petitioner contended that the FIR was a retaliatory counterblast, as the petitioner's daughter had lodged an FIR against the complainant's husband for sexual offenses earlier on the same day. It was further alleged that the complainant had unauthorized possession and had circulated her own statement recorded under Section 164 CrPC.

Findings of Court:
The Court observed that the delay in lodging the FIR was unexplained and unconvincing. The chronology of events indicated that the FIR was lodged hours after a competing FIR was filed by the petitioner's daughter, establishing a mala fide retaliatory motive. The allegations of abduction and rape were found to be inherently improbable and devoid of medical or independent corroboration. Additionally, the leak of a confidential Section 164 CrPC statement indicated a biased and tainted investigation.

Issues: Whether the registered FIR and subsequent proceedings were a malicious abuse of the process of law and whether the improbable nature of the allegations and the retaliatory timing justified quashment under Section 482 CrPC.

Ratio Decidendi: Criminal proceedings are liable to be quashed when they are filed with mala fide intent as a counterblast to other criminal cases, when the allegations are inherently improbable and unsupported by evidence, or when the investigation is tainted by bias, as the inherent powers of the High Court are meant to prevent the misuse of the criminal justice system.

Result: The petition under Section 482 Cr.P.C. is allowed. The FIR and all consequential proceedings arising therefrom against the petitioner are hereby quashed.

Legal Category Hierarchy

  • crime and sentencing
    • offences against the person
      • rape (Para 1, 2)
      • criminal intimidation (Para 1, 2)
    • offences involving property
      • extortion (Para 1, 2)
    • offences against public order
      • wrongful restraint (Para 1, 2)
  • practice and procedure
    • criminal procedure
      • inherent powers under section 482 crpc (Para 1, 20, 21)
      • quashing of fir (Para 15, 22)
    • evidence
      • delay in lodging fir (Para 16)
      • confidentiality of statements under section 164 crpc (Para 19)

Table of Contents

1. Petition under Section 482 Cr.P.C. seeking quashment of FIR for offences under Sections 376, 506, 341, 384 of IPC. (Para 1 , 2 )

2. Petitioner argued FIR is malicious counterblast to earlier FIR; State argued allegations disclose cognizable offences warranting trial. (Para 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 13 , 14 )

3. Petition allowed, FIR and all consequential proceedings quashed under Section 482 Cr.P.C. (Para 22 )

4. When can unexplained delay in lodging an FIR justify quashing of criminal proceedings?

Unexplained delay that is not convincing assumes significance in testing credibility, especially when the prosecutrix continued normal routine, materially affecting the prosecution case at the threshold. (Para 16 )

5. What is the effect of a counterblast FIR on the validity of criminal proceedings?

Criminal proceedings instituted as a retaliatory measure or with mala fide intention deserve to be quashed as an abuse of process. (Para 17 )

6. When can inherently improbable allegations in an FIR lead to quashing of proceedings?

Where allegations are absurd, inherently improbable, or do not disclose essential ingredients of the offence, the High Court is justified in quashing proceedings. (Para 18 )

7. Does a tainted investigation vitiate criminal proceedings?

A biased or tainted investigation, such as improper circulation of a confidential Section 164 Cr.P.C. statement, undermines the foundation of prosecution and raises serious doubts about fairness. (Para 19 )

8. Under what circumstances should the High Court exercise inherent powers under Section 482 Cr.P.C. to quash proceedings?

Inherent powers are meant to prevent abuse of process and secure ends of justice; where continuation amounts to harassment and misuse of criminal law, the High Court must intervene. (Para 20 , 21 )

ORDER :

MILIND RAMESH PHADKE, J.

By invoking inherent powers of this Court, the present petition has been preferred by petitioner under Section 482 of CrPC seeking quashment of an F.I.R. bearing Crime No.93/2023 registered at Police Station Sirol, District Gwalior for the offence punishable under Sections 376, 506, 341, 384 of IPC as well as all consequential criminal proceedings initiated therefrom.

2. As per prosecution story, the complainant/prosecutrix, aged about 47 years, along with her sister, approached the police station and submitted a written complaint to the effect that her husband is working as an Assistant Professor in KRG College, Gwalior, where one Harshita Kushwaha (Rajawat) is a student. It was alleged that on 08 August 2022, at about 9:00 p.m., Harshita Kushwaha made a telephonic call to the mobile phone of the husband of the prosecutrix, and both were allegedly engaged in conversation. When the prosecutrix inquired about the call, her husband informed her that he was speaking with Harshita, which led to a heated exchange between the spouses. On the following morning, at about 10:00 a.m., the prosecutrix went to the house of her sister situated at D.D. Nagar. From there, she allegedly used the mobile phone of Harshita’s father to contact him and informed him about the aforesaid situation. It was further alleged that Harshita’s father, Gurusharan Singh (the accused), informed the prosecutrix that the matter could not be discussed over the phone and asked her to meet him near the A.G. Pull area at around 8:00 p.m. Thereafter, at about 8:30 p.m., the prosecutrix reached near the Enat of AG Pull, where the accused Gurusharan Singh was present in his four-wheeler vehicle. The prosecutrix allegedly sat inside the vehicle, whereupon the accused demanded a sum of Rs.20 lakhs within five days, threatening that otherwise a false case of rape would be registered at the instance of his daughter against the husband of the prosecutrix. When the prosecutrix expressed her inability to arrange such a large amount and stated that she could arrange only Rs.1 lakh, the accused allegedly asked her to sit on the rear seat of the vehicle under the pretext of arranging a meeting with Harshita. Thereafter the accused drove the vehicle towards Alapur Road, Sirol, stopped it near shrubs at a secluded place, took out a knife, and forcibly committed rape upon the prosecutrix. After the incident, the accused allegedly dropped the prosecutrix near the Collectorate area and threatened her that if she disclosed the incident to anyone, a false rape case would be lodged against her husband by his daughter Harshita. It was further alleged that due to fear and shame, the prosecutrix did not disclose the incident to anyone and returned to her home. Subsequently, the accused allegedly attempted to approach the prosecutrix on several occasions when she went to school and market, with intention of maintaining physical relations with her. On 5 April 2023 at about 4:00 p.m., Harshita Kushwaha came to the house of the prosecutrix and inquired whether the demanded amount of Rs.20 lakhs had been arranged, reiterating the threat that a false rape case would otherwise be lodged against the husband of the prosecutrix. Thereafter, Harshita Kushwaha left the house. On the basis such allegations, the present FIR was registered.

3. Learned counsel for the petitioner submitted that the present petition has been filed seeking quashment of FIR registered as Crime No. 93/2023 along with all consequential proceedings, as the same are manifestly illegal, malicious, and constitute a gross abuse of the process of law and even if the allegations made in the FIR and the prosecution story are taken at their face value and accepted in their entirety, no offence as alleged is made out against the petitioner. The allegations are inherently improbable, self-contradictory, and do not satisfy the essential ingredients of the offences alleged. The FIR is based on conjectures and af

Click Here to Read the rest of this document
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Judicial Analysis

AI

SupremeToday Portrait Ad
supreme today icon
logo-black

An indispensable Tool for Legal Professionals, Endorsed by Various High Court and Judicial Officers

Please visit our Training & Support
Center or Contact Us for assistance

qr

Scan Me!

India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!

For Daily Legal Updates, Join us on :

whatsapp-icon Back to top