JUDGMENT

MOHAN, J.—These writ petitions have been preferred by way of Public Interest Litigation for the enforcement of fundamental rights, political rights and fundamental duties of the people and electorate - citizens of India under, inter alia, Articles 14 and 19 read with Articles 326 and 51-A and various statutory provisions.

2. The following prayers are made before us in Writ Petition (Civil) No. 385 of 1993:

(1) direct respondent 4 to stay the proceedings and functions of the existing Lok Sabha and the privileges of its members until the disposal of this petition;

(2) direct respondent 4 to injunct the Council of Ministers headed by Mr P.V. Narasimha Rao, from aiding and advising the President forthwith;

(3) restrain the voting rights and other privileges of the elected members of Parliament from the State of Punjab until final hearing and disposal of this petition;

(4) issue a writ of mandamus or writ in the nature of mandamus or an order or injunction debarring respondent 3 from discharging the functions of or officiating as Chief Election Commissioner until the final hearing and disposal of this petition;

(5) issue a writ of mandamus against respondents 2 and 3 directing each o