SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
Sanjay Kishan Kaul, M.M. Sundresh, JJ.
Suresh Kankra – Appellant
Versus
State of UP & Anr. – Respondents
Criminal Appeal No. 52 of 2022 (@SLP (Crl.) No. 852 of 2020)
Decided On : 07-01-2022
Abuse of Process of Law - Quashing of Proceedings - IPC 376, 354, 354B, 504, 506 and SC/ST Act 3(2)(v)
Fact of the Case:
The petitioner was accused of various offenses under IPC and SC/ST Act. The complaint alleged that the offenses were committed against the respondent no.2 when she went to collect fodder from the petitioner's father-in-law's field. The petitioner filed an application to quash the complaint, claiming it was fostered out of family dispute and was an abuse of process of law.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the complaint was motivated and an abuse of process of law. It noted the serious dispute between the respondent no.2's employer and the petitioner, and the lack of evidence supporting the complaint.
Issues: The main issue was whether the complaint against the petitioner should be quashed due to being an abuse of process of law.
Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the complaint was motivated and an abuse of process of law, considering the lack of evidence and the serious dispute between the parties involved.
Final Decision: The court allowed the appeal and quashed the proceedings arising from the FIR.
ORDER
1. Leave granted.
2. Respondent no. 2 is served but has not put in appearance.
3. Heard learned counsel for the parties and perused the additional documents.
4. The petitioner was arrayed as accused in Case Crime no. 318 of 2018 for the offences punishable under Section 376, 354, 354B, 504, 506 IPC and Section 3(2) (v) of the SC/ST Act.
5. The sum and substance of the complaint against the petitioner is that he committed the offense alleged when the respondent no.2 went to the field of one Atal Singh, father-in-law of the petitioner for collecting fodder.
6. The registration of the offense was done in pursuant to the application filed invoking Section 163(3) of the Criminal Procedure Code (Cr.PC) before the jurisdiction of Magistrate. It was alleged that despite oral and written complaints, the respondent no. 1 did not choose to register the complaint.
7. The petitioner filed an application under Section 482 Cr. PC to quash the complaint registered dated 02.06.2018 interalia alleging that the entire complaint is fostered against the petitioner who is a retired person by his estranged sister-in-law out of the family dispute. He is not even the resident of that area. A similar complaint was given by her against his son which was closed on investigation as false and motivated. The respondent no.2 is actually a resident of the village Malakpur and she is her domestic help. The petitioner was actually attending the court of Chief Judicial Magistrate, Baghpat at the time of the alleged incident. There are number of litigations going on between the parties including a complaint registered at the instance of the petitioner's mother-in-law against Smt. Asha in Complaint Case No. 4916 of 2015 under Sections 323, 504, 354B, 392 IPC.
8. The High Court declined to exercise the power conferred under Section 482 of the Cr.PC interalia holding that facts being in the realm of dispute, discretion cannot be exercised. The aforesaid order is challenged by the petitioner.
9. Counsel for the petitioner submitted that the relevant facts have not been taken into consideration. The husband of the respondent no.2 himself has given a complaint against her and she is absconding. She is none other than the domestic help of Smt. Asha, who made a similar attempt against the petitioner's son. There are number of proceedings pending between the parties. The petitioner retired on 31.05.2012 as the Deputy Manager of National Textile Corporation Limited, under the Ministry of Textiles, Government of India. The learned Magistrate and the Court of Sessions have not applied their mind to the facts governing and therefore the Order passed by the High Court has to be set aside and consequently the petition filed be allowed.
10. Learned public prosecutor appearing for respondent no. 1 submitted that the case has been registered on the directions of the Court. It is further submitted that the investigation reveals that the respondent no.2 was indeed a house help of Smt. Asha. The complaint was closed on finding that it was motivated having given at the instance of Smt. Asha. A protest petition was filed by the respondent no.2 and a direction was issued to the Court to take cognizance and proceed further. The investigation made thus far would reveal the serious dispute between the respondent no. 2's employer Smt. Asha on the one side and the petitioner on the other side.
11. Having heard the counsel for the petitioner and the counsel for the respondent no. 1, we are of the considered view that it is a fit case where the case registered in Case Crime no. 318 of 2018 is required to be quashed. The Judicial Magistrate is required to be conscious of the consequences while passing an Order under Section 156 (3) of the Cr. PC. It being a judicial order, relevant materials are expected to be taken note of. Similarly, the Court of Sessions shall consider the materials available on record while dealing with the protest petition on a final report filed. For the reasons known to her
The main legal point established is that a complaint can be quashed if it is found to be motivated and an abuse of process of law, especially when there is a serious dispute between the parties invol....
The court emphasized the necessity of reasoned orders in judicial decisions and the inherent power to quash proceedings that constitute an abuse of the legal process.
The court established that civil disputes cannot be transformed into criminal offences under Section 498-A IPC without sufficient evidence of criminal conduct.
The main legal point established in the judgment is the requirement of prima facie evidence to proceed with the trial and the principles related to quashing of criminal proceedings under Section 482 ....
The High Court may exercise its inherent power under Section 482 of the CrPC to quash an FIR if the proceedings are initiated merely as an act of vengeance in relation to civil disputes, thereby cons....
The main legal point established in the judgment is that a second complaint relating to the same incident is not prohibited under the Code, and if it presents a different version with additional alle....
The court emphasized the need for proper investigation to determine the genuineness of the allegations and highlighted the pendency of a civil suit regarding the same subject matter.
The court established that distinct allegations in separate FIRs can justify the continuation of criminal proceedings.
The central legal point established in the judgment is the need for careful scrutiny of complaints in matrimonial cases and the exercise of inherent powers under Section 482 of the Code of Criminal P....
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