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J. B. PARDIWALA, R. MAHADEVAN
Tata Steel Ltd. – Appellant
Versus
Raj Kumar Banerjee – Respondent
What is the maximum period for condoning delay in filing an appeal under Section 61(2) of the IBC? What is the scope of the NCLAT's power to condone delays beyond the statutory maximum under the IBC? How is the limitation period for filing an appeal under Section 61(2) of the IBC computed, particularly concerning holidays and the applicability of the Limitation Act?
Key Points: - The NCLAT allowed an application for condonation of delay in filing an appeal beyond the statutory period of 45 days under the IBC, which was challenged (!) (!) . - Section 61(2) of the IBC prescribes a limitation period of 30 days for filing an appeal, with a proviso allowing for an additional 15 days for condonation of delay upon showing sufficient cause, making a total of 45 days (!) (!) (!) . - The appellant argued that the appeal was filed beyond the statutory 45-day period, rendering it time-barred (!) (!) . - The respondent argued that the limitation period commenced later due to delayed disclosure and that the appeal was filed within the condonable period (!) (!) (!) . - Section 238A of the IBC makes the Limitation Act, 1963 applicable to IBC proceedings (!) (!) . - Section 4 of the Limitation Act and Rule 3 of the NCLAT Rules extend the limitation period to the next working day if the prescribed period expires on a holiday (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) . - However, the benefit of Section 4 of the Limitation Act is only available for the "prescribed period of limitation" and not for the period extendable by the court in its discretion (the condonable period) (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) (!) . - The Supreme Court held that the limitation period for filing an appeal under Section 61 IBC commences from the date of pronouncement of the order by the NCLT (!) (!) . - The NCLAT has no jurisdiction to condone delay beyond the statutory maximum of 45 days prescribed under Section 61(2) of the IBC (!) (!) (!) (!) . - The NCLAT's order condoning the delay beyond the statutory period was held to be ultra vires and set aside (!) (!) . - Time is of the essence in statutory appeals, and the prescribed limitation period must be strictly adhered to; even a delay of one day is fatal if the statute does not provide for its condonation (!) .
| Table of Content |
|---|
| 1. factual background of appeal. (Para 1 , 2 , 3) |
| 2. appellant's arguments on limitation. (Para 4) |
| 3. respondent's arguments and counterclaims. (Para 5) |
| 4. court's analysis of statutory limits and implications. (Para 6) |
| 5. court's observation on limitation computation. (Para 7 , 8 , 9 , 10) |
| 6. court's ruling on the power to condone delay. (Para 11) |
| 7. conclusion on condonation and order set aside. (Para 12 , 13) |
| 8. final order and closure of applications. (Para 14 , 15) |
JUDGMENT :
1. This appeal is filed against the order dated 14.12.2022 passed by the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal1[For short, “NCLAT”]. By the said order, the NCLAT has allowed interlocutory application bearing No. 1667 of 2022 filed by Respondent No. 1 seeking condonation of delay in filing the appeal bearing no. C.A. (AT) (Insolvency) No. 615 of 2022.
3. Respondent No.1 preferred an appeal under Section 61 of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 20163[For short, “IBC”] to set aside the order dated 07.04.2022 passed by the Adjudicating Authority and direct the Resolution Professional to scrutinise the resolution plan proposed by the appellant in accordance with Section 30 (2) IBC. Along with the appe
The NCLAT cannot condone delays beyond the statutory maximum of 45 days under the IBC, emphasizing strict adherence to limitation periods in insolvency processes.
(1) Appeal – Period of limitation – Any party which is aggrieved by decision of NCLT can file appeal before NCLAT – Statutory time limit of 30 days within which appeal can be preferred, is extendable....
(1) Appeal is a creature of statute – There is a fundamental distinction between right to file a suit and right to file an appeal.(2) Appeal against order passed in miscellaneous application in a liq....
The IBC mandates strict adherence to limitation periods for appeals, emphasizing timely resolution in insolvency proceedings.
The main legal point established in the judgment is the importance of clarity and consistency in administrative guidance, particularly regarding the computation of limitation for filing an appeal. Th....
Delay in filing an appeal under the IBC cannot be excused based on lack of knowledge regarding the proceedings; Limitation must be strictly construed.
Appeal – Limitation stops running on e-filing of appeal before NCLAT and not on presentation of physical copy – Date on which limitation begins to run is intrinsically linked to date of pronouncement....
The court established that free certified copies and those obtained for a fee are treated equally for appeal purposes under the IBC and relevant rules.
The limitation for filing an appeal begins upon the pronouncement of the order and not its publication, making delays uncondonable if not filed timely.
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