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2025 Supreme(SC) 803

SANJIV KHANNA, SANJAY KUMAR, R. MAHADEVAN
C. T. Kochouseph – Appellant
Versus
State of Kerala – Respondent


Advocates appeared:
For the Appellant(s) : Mr. C.N. Sreekumar, Sr. Adv. Ms. Anupama Kumar, Adv. Mr. Debasis Jena, Adv. Mr. Rahul Kulhare, Adv. Mr. Prakash Ranjan Nayak, AOR Mr. Ajay Aggarwal, Adv. Mr. Rajan Narain, AOR Ms. Mallika Joshi, Adv. Mr. M. P. Vinod, AOR Mr. V Sridharan, Sr. Adv. Mr. Sahil Parghi, Adv. Mr. Ayush Agarwal, Adv. Ms. Charanya Lakshmikumaran, AOR Ms. Neha Choudhary, Adv. Ms. Nitum Jain, Adv. Ms. Umang Motiyani, Adv.
For the Respondent(s): Mr. G. Prakash, AOR Mr. M. Yogesh Kanna, AOR Mr. V. Girl, Sr. Adv. Mr. Pallav Shishodia, Sr. Adv. Mr. C. K. Sasi, AOR Ms. Meena K Poulose, Adv. Mr. Nihar Dharmadhikari, Adv. Mr. K. Radhakrishnan, Sr. Adv. Mr. Sabarish Subramanian, AOR Mr. C. Kranthi Kumar, Adv. Mr. Vishnu Unnikrishnan, Adv. Mr. Sarathraj B, Adv. Mr. Danish Saifi, Adv. Ms. Aswani Satheesh, Adv.

Table of Content
1. main issues concerning tax applicability. (Para 1 , 2)
2. tax liability on goods purchase (Para 3 , 4 , 5)
3. analysis of tax provisions and their implications. (Para 6)
4. court's analysis of tax imposition (Para 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12)
5. distance between taxability and payability (Para 24 , 25 , 26)
6. constitutionality of tax provisions upheld (Para 30 , 31)
7. dismissal of appeals favored state revenue (Para 39 , 40 , 41 , 42)

JUDGMENT :

SANJIV KHANNA, CJI.

Leave granted in SLP (C) Nos. 9420-9422 of 2012.

2. This judgment decides a batch of matters pertaining to Section 5 (a) of the KERALA GENERAL SALES TAX ACT , 1963 [For short, “Kerala Act”] and the pari materia provision of Section 7 (a) of the Tamil Nadu General Sales Tax Act, 1959 [For short, “ TAMIL NADU ACT ”].

3. The following issues arise for our consideration:

    I. Whether the purchase of goods by the appellants from dealers who were exempted from payment of tax by virtue of notifications or exemptions issued under the Kerala Act or the Tamil Nadu Act, is a purchase "which is liable to tax" within the meaning of Section 5A of the Kerala Act or Section 7A of the Tamil Nadu Act?

    II. Whether the appellant-assessee

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