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2025 Supreme(SC) 901

J. B. PARDIWALA, R. MAHADEVAN
Sulthan Said Ibrahim – Appellant
Versus
Prakasan – Respondent


Advocates appeared:
For the Petitioner(s): Mr. V. Chitambaresh, Sr. Adv. Mr. Harshad V. Hameed, AOR Mr. Dileep Poolakkot, Adv. Mr. C. Govind Venugopal, Adv. Mrs. Ashly Harshad, Adv. Mr. Anshul Saharan, Adv.
For the Respondent(s): Mr. Mukund P. Unny, AOR Mr. Sanjay Nair S, Adv.

Judgement Key Points

Based on the provided legal document, here are the key points regarding the judgment:

  • Subject: The case pertains to Civil Law, specifically focusing on Specific Performance. [judgement_subject]
  • Key Legal Acts Referred: The judgment references the Civil Procedure Code, 1908 (specifically Order I Rule 10, Order XXII Rules 4 and 5, Section 11, and Section 28(5)) and the Kerala Buildings Lease and Rent Control Act. [judgement_act_referred]
  • Power to Add/Delete Parties: The Court affirmed that the power to strike out or add a party under Order I Rule 10 of the CPC can be exercised at any stage of the proceeding. However, this power cannot be used to allow a party who was impleaded as a legal heir after due inquiry and without objection to later seek deletion via Order I Rule 10. Such a question regarding legal representation must be determined by the Court at the time of impleadment under Order XXII Rule 4. (!) (!) (!)
  • Doctrine of Res Judicata: The principle of res judicata applies not only between separate proceedings but also between different stages of the same litigation. Once an order regarding impleadment becomes final (after due inquiry and lack of objection), it binds the parties and bars subsequent applications to delete the party's name. An erroneous decision also binds the parties if rendered by a court of competent jurisdiction. (!) (!) (!) (!)
  • Specific Performance and Possession: In a suit for specific performance where the exclusive possession of the suit property was with the original defendant at the time of the decree, the relief of transfer of possession is implicit in the decree. The Executing Court is mandated to ensure vacant and peaceful possession is handed over to the respondent. (!) (!)
  • Outcome: The appeal filed by the appellant (seeking deletion of his name as a party) was dismissed. The Court held that the appellant failed to object to his impleadment at the appropriate stage and was attempting to delay execution proceedings. Costs of Rs. 25,000 were awarded to the respondent. (!) (!)
  • Tenancy Claim Rejected: The appellant's claim that he was a tenant entitled to protection under the Kerala Buildings Lease and Rent Control Act was rejected. The Court found no evidence of exclusive possession or tenancy rights carried forward to the appellant, noting that he was a witness to the agreement to sell and failed to raise tenancy objections earlier. (!) (!) (!)
  • Execution Order: The Executing Court is directed to hand over vacant and peaceful possession of the suit property to the respondent within two months, with the aid of police if necessary. (!)

Table of Content
1. background of a property dispute involving performance of an agreement. (Para 3 , 4 , 5)
2. court affirms previous rulings and bar of res judicata. (Para 22 , 34)
3. final disposition orders implementation of decrees. (Para 42 , 68)

JUDGMENT :

1. Leave granted.

3. The present appeal arises from the judgment and order dated 29.11.2021 passed by the High Court of Kerala at Ernakulam in OP(C) No. 2290 of 2013 whereby the High Court dismissed the original petition filed by the appellant and thereby affirmed the order passed by the Principal Sub Judge, Palakkad in I.A. No. 2348/2012 in O.S. No. 617/1996 rejecting the application filed by the appellant seeking the deletion of his name from the array of parties.

4. The appellant is the grandson of one Late Jameela Beevi. Late Jameela Beevi was the original defendant in O.S. No. 617 of 1996, instituted by the respondent no. 1 herein (original plaintiff) before the Principal Sub Court, Palakkad seeking specific performance of the agreement to sell dated 14.06.1996 executed between the original plaintiff and the original defendant, whereby the original defendant undertook to transfer the suit property to the original plaintiff f

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