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2025 Supreme(SC) 461

J. B. PARDIWALA, PANKAJ MITHAL
Periyammal (Dead) through LRs. – Appellant
Versus
V. Rajamani – Respondent


Advocates appeared:
For the Petitioner(s): Ms. Mrinal Kanwar , AOR
For the Respondent(s): Mr. K. Parmeshwar, Sr. Adv. Mr. Rahul Jain, AOR Ms. Raji Gururaj, Adv. Mr. Vishnu Shankar Jain, AOR

Judgement Key Points

Certainly. Based on the provided legal document, here are the key points:

  1. The executing court is required to adjudicate all questions related to the right, title, or interest in the property during the execution proceedings to prevent collusion and ensure timely justice (!) .

  2. Objections raised in execution proceedings must pertain to the execution, discharge, or satisfaction of the decree and cannot question the validity of the decree itself (!) .

  3. The court emphasized that all disputes concerning possession, ownership, or rights in the property should be addressed within the scope of execution proceedings, avoiding multiplicity of suits (!) (!) .

  4. The law provides that applications under specific rules for resisting or obstructing possession are to be adjudicated by the executing court, which has the authority to determine questions of right, title, or interest arising between the parties and relevant to the execution (!) (!) .

  5. The scope of such applications includes disputes involving third parties claiming rights or possession, and the court can conduct a full inquiry to resolve these issues, which can be treated as a decree and subject to appeal (!) (!) .

  6. The provisions clearly state that the executing court has the jurisdiction to decide all questions related to the property, including those raised by strangers claiming rights, and such questions should be determined within the execution process itself (!) (!) .

  7. The law permits the adjudication of claims and objections related to possession and ownership during execution proceedings, including claims of cultivating tenants or other possessory rights, provided the objections are relevant and raised timely (!) (!) .

  8. The process aims to prevent unnecessary litigation and ensure that disputes are resolved efficiently within the execution framework, rather than through separate suits, thereby avoiding delays and multiplicity of proceedings (!) (!) .

  9. The law recognizes that resistance or obstruction by any person, including strangers or third parties, can be adjudicated upon by the executing court, which has the authority to determine the legality of such resistance and to pass appropriate orders, including removal of obstructions or restoring possession (!) (!) (!) .

  10. The court highlighted that the objections of the respondents claiming possession as cultivating tenants were not bona fide and were made in collusion with the vendors to frustrate the decree (!) (!) .

  11. The legal process allows for the correction of errors such as improper inclusion of parties or objections raised late in the proceedings, but such amendments and objections must be made within the framework of the execution law and in accordance with procedural requirements (!) (!) .

  12. The judgment underscores the importance of acting within the procedural framework, ensuring that all questions related to possession, ownership, and rights are settled within the execution proceedings, and that the courts do not entertain collateral or extraneous issues that undermine the decree's enforcement (!) (!) .

  13. Finally, the courts are directed to complete the execution process within a specified period and to ensure the peaceful and vacant possession of the property is handed over to the decree holder, with appropriate use of police assistance if necessary (!) (!) (!) .

These points collectively emphasize that the legal framework for execution proceedings is comprehensive and designed to resolve all disputes relating to possession and ownership efficiently within the execution process itself, thereby safeguarding the decree holder's rights and preventing unnecessary delays.


JUDGMENT :

J.B. PARDIWALA, J.

For the convenience of exposition, this judgment is divided into the following parts:

INDEX

(A)

FACTUAL MATRIX

(B)

SUBMISSIONS OF THE APPELLANTS

(C)

SUBMISSIONS OF THE RESPONDENT NOS. 1 & 2

(D)

ISSUES TO BE DETERMINED

(E)

ANALYSIS

(i) Relevant statutory provisions

(ii) Nature of application under Order XXI Rule 97

(iii) Section 47 of the CPC vis-a-vis Order XXI Rule 97 of the CPC

(F)

CONCLUSION

1. Leave granted.

2. “The seeker of justice many a time has to take long circuitous routes, both on account of hierarchy of courts and the procedural law. Such persons are and can be dragged till the last ladder of the said hierarchy for receiving justice but even here he only breathes fear of receiving the fruits of that justice for which he has been aspiring to receive. To reach this stage is in itself an achievement and satisfaction as he, by then has passed through a long arduous journey of the procedural law with many hurdles replica of mountain terrain with ridges and furrows. When he is ready to take the bite of that fruit, he has to pass through the same terrain of the procedural law in the execution procee

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