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2025 Supreme(AP) 1208

IN THE HIGH COURT OF ANDHRA PRADESH AT AMARAVATI
CHALLA GUNARANJAN, J.
P. Srinivas – Appellant
Versus
APSRTC Rep. by its M.D. and Others – Respondents
Writ Petition No. 13930 of 2007
Decided On : 22-11-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant : Madhava Rao Nalluri
For the Respondent: Aravala Rama Rao

In cases of wrongful termination, the standard remedy is reinstatement with back wages unless the employer proves the employee's concurrent gainful employment during the termination period.

Headnote:(A) A.P. (Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Backward Classes) Regulation of Issue of Community Certificates Act, 1993 - Section 5 - Claim for back wages - Termination based on allegedly false caste certificate declared illegal - The petitioner was appointed as Kalasi in a reserved category and subsequently terminated, but reinstated after the validity of the caste certificate was upheld by the District Level Screening Committee. The refusal to grant back wages for the period of termination was contested. (Paras 2, 9, 10, 11)

(B) Employment Law - Wrongful dismissal - The normal rule is reinstatement with back wages in cases of wrongful termination, barring exceptional circumstances where the employer shows that the employee was gainfully employed during the termination period. (Paras 10, 38.1, 10.9)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner was appointed based on a caste certificate which was later challenged, leading to his termination. The challenge brought against the termination resulted in reinstatement after a finding that the caste certificate was valid. The petitioner sought back wages for the time he was out of service.

Findings of Court:
The termination was deemed illegal and, following established legal principles, the petitioner was entitled to back wages for the period not worked due to the unlawful termination.

Issues: The court addressed whether the denial of back wages, upon reinstatement due to wrongful termination, was justified.

Ratio Decidendi: The court found that once termination is declared illegal, the petitioner is entitled to reinstatement with back wages unless there’s evidence of gainful employment during the intervening period, placing the burden of proof on the employer regarding this claim.

Result: Writ petition allowed, directing payment of back wages and increments within three months.

Table of Content
1. termination based on alleged false caste certificate. (Para 1 , 2)
2. respondent corporation's defense of termination. (Para 3 , 4)
3. petitioner's claim for back wages and defense against denial. (Para 5 , 6)
4. principles governing reinstatement and back wages. (Para 7 , 9 , 10)
5. court's final direction to grant back wages. (Para 11 , 12)

ORDER :

1. Petitioner assails action of 2nd respondent in refusing to grant back wages and increments for the period of termination from service, to be illegal, arbitrary, unconstitutional and consequently, for a direction to the respondents for payment of the back wages and necessary increments for the subject period.

2. Petitioner was appointed as Kalasi in the respondent Corporation, which was earmarked for B.C.-A category. Petitioner being ‘Vada Balija’, claimed to be belonging to B.C.-A category, basing on the said caste certificate, he came to be appointed. After putting about six years in service, he was served charge memo, dated 21.01.1998, alleging that the caste certificate, produced by him claiming to be belonging to BC-A category, for the purpose of securing employment, was false and bogues, and therefore, disciplinary proceedings came to be initiated. Petitioner contested the charge-memo, however, ultimately, by proceedings, dated 19.06.1998, his services came to be terminated, holding that the caste certificate so produced was found to be false and bogus. The same came to be eventually challenged in W.P.No.36001 of 1998. After contest, the writ petition has been allowed by order, dated 29.11.2001. This Court, having noted the factum that the disciplinary proceedings came to be initiated based on the alleged report of Mandal Revenue Officer, which concluded that petitioner belonged to ‘Balija’ caste, which was included in forward community, and that the caste certificate then issued in favour of petitioner stating to be ‘Vada Balija’ to be false, which report, in turn, was forwarded by District Collector, Nellore to the respondent Corporation, inasmuch as the procedure so adopted was clearly being contrary to Section 5 the A.P. (Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Backward Classes) Regulation of Issue of Community Certificates Act, 1993 (for short, “the Act”) read with Rule 8 of the A.P. (Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Backward Classes) Issue of Community, Nativity and Date of Birth Certificates Rules, 1997 (for short, “the Rules”) has set aside the termination order and relegated the enquiry to the District Level Screening Committee (for short, ‘the DLSC’) headed by District Collector to enquire into the caste certificate produced by the petitioner whether to be genuine or not, within a period of six months, and in turn, the respondent Corporation to proceed with the enquiry thereafter. In view of setting aside the termination order, the respondent Corporation was directed to reinstate petitioner into service forthwith. The respondent Corporation had, thereafter, preferred Writ Appeal No.325 of 2002, assailing aforesaid order of the learned single Judge. By interim order, dated 23.09.2002, the Hon’ble Division Bench directed the respondent Corporation to reinstate the petitioner as the enquiry before the DLSC could not be concluded within the time stipulated. In compliance thereof, petitioner came to be reinstated back into service on 17.10.2002. The DLSC, having concluded the enquiry, submitted its report, dated 16.04.2005, holding that the initial certificate produced by the petitioner was valid and legal and that petitioner belonged to B.C.-A category. Eventually, even the Writ Appeal also came to be dismissed, by judgment, dated 10.06.2005, by taking note of aforesaid report of the DLSC. Further, the respondent Corporation was also directed to reinstate petitioner into service forthwith. Accepting the same, 2nd respondent herein issued proceedings, dated 06.02.2006, reinstating petitioner into service with continuity of service, however, without

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